scholarly journals Utilization of Low-Rank Coals for Producing Syngas to Meet the Future Energy Needs: Technical and Economic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10724
Author(s):  
Usama Ahmed ◽  
Muhammad Arsalan Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Hassan Zeb ◽  
Umer Zahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Low Rank Coals

Increased energy demand in recent decades has resulted in both an energy crisis and carbon emissions. As a result, the development of cleaner fuels has been under the research spotlight. Low-rank coals are geographically dispersed, abundant, and cheap but are not utilized in conventional processes. Syngas can be produced from coal-using gasification which can be used in various chemical engineering applications. In this study, the process model for syngas production from low-rank coal is developed and the effects of various process parameters on syngas composition are evaluated, followed by a technical and economic evaluation. The syngas production rate for the low-rank coal has been evaluated as 25.5 kg/s, and the contribution to H2 and CO production is estimated as 1.59 kg/s and 23.93 kg/s, respectively. The overall syngas production and energy consumed in the process was evaluated as 27.68 kg/GJ, and the CO2 specific emissions were calculated as 0.20 (mol basis) for each unit of syngas production. The results revealed that the syngas production efficiency for low-rank coals can be as high as 50.86%. Furthermore, the economic analysis revealed that the investment and minimum selling prices per tonne of syngas production are EUR 163.92 and EUR 180.31, respectively.

Biological Anaerobic Treatment for Low-Rank Coal Preparation

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 328-331
Author(s):  
Li Mei Sun ◽  
Jiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Coal Ash ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Higher Rank ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Low Rank Coals

The effect of microbiological treatment of low-rank coal with an anaerobic microbial consortium on theirs characteristics and composition has been inwestigated. A large amount of pyrite sulfur is removed and coal ash is decreased with anaerobic conditions in closed flask. After biological treatment of these low-rank coals in a continuously operationg flow reactor without air blowiong and with everyday aeration, coal ash reduction is found to be more significant under conditions of reactor aeration due to activation of facultative microorganisems. In some time, some metals are removed from two kinds of low-rank coals, includiing iron, manganese, potassium, lithium, toxic and trace metals. The exchange of elements between coal and mineral culture medium depends on coal rank. Metal leaching is higher for higher rank coal.

Methane-rich syngas production in an integrated fluidized bed by coupling pyrolysis and gasification of low-rank coal

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Hui Chen ◽  
Deng-Guo Lai ◽  
Li-Qiang Bai ◽  
Yong Tian ◽  
Shi-Qiu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Syngas Production

scholarly journals The Production of Syngas via High Temperature Electrolysis and Biomass Gasification

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. McKellar ◽  
G. L. Hawkes ◽  
J. E. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Power Cycle ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
High Utilization ◽  
Gen Iv ◽  
High Temperature Electrolysis

A process model of syngas production using high temperature electrolysis and biomass gasification is presented. Process heat from the biomass gasifier is used to improve the hydrogen production efficiency of the steam electrolysis process. Hydrogen from electrolysis allows a high utilization of the biomass carbon for syngas production. Based on the gasifier temperature, 94% to 95% of the carbon in the biomass becomes carbon monoxide in the syngas (carbon dioxide and hydrogen). Assuming the thermal efficiency of the power cycle for electricity generation is 50%, (as expected from GEN IV nuclear reactors), the syngas production efficiency ranges from 70% to 73% as the gasifier temperature decreases from 1900 K to 1500 K.

scholarly journals Coal deposits of Turkey: properties and importance on energy demand

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Oskay ◽  
H. Inaner ◽  
A. I. Karayigit ◽  
K. Christanis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Coal Deposits ◽  
Coal Reserves ◽  
Low Rank Coals

In the last two decades electricity generation and consumption in Turkey was increasing steadily. Around 80% of the electricity generated is derived from fossil fuels such as imported natural gas and oil, and domestic coal. As the energy policy now is focusing on reducing the dependency on imported fuels, coal, particularly this of low-rank, is becoming important for the country. Latest explorations showed that total coal reserves of Turkey reach to 13 Gt with low-rank coals (i.e. lignite and sub-bituminous) being dominant. Coal deposits, formed under various conditions and in various geological times, are widely spread over the territory. The most significant deposits are of Tertiary, especially Neogene age. Neogene coals are most appropriate for combustion in the thermal power plants due to the high total reserves despite the high ash yields and the low calorific values. We imply that applying reasonable exploitation planning and appropriate washing techniques, coal will play a key role in future energy supply of the country.

scholarly journals Biomass Waste and Low Rank Coal Gasification Technology with Carbon Capture System to Optimize A Clean Energy Production as An Alternative Solution to Achieve Energy Security in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Ardian N. Baskoro ◽  
Odara E. Aptari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Gasification Technology

A shift into a more developed country means an increase in various aspects of economy, energy, social, and even environment. For Indonesia, a major change that the country needs to face is the increase of energy demand of 7% every year, reaching a final average expected energy consumption of 497.77 MTOE in 2050. In order to fulfil all upcoming energy demands and achieve energy security, it is crucial to utilize the available abundant resources that the country possesses. Two of these potential resources include coal (22.6 billion tons) and biomass (32.6 GW). Gasification is an alternative clean technology that can utilize low rank coal or biomass to convert it into syngas. The quality of syngas was characterized using the H2/CO ratio parameter. The greater the carbon density in a material, the greater H2/CO ratio will be. However, syngas produced from conventional gasification still emits CO2. Since CO2 is still emitted in coal gasification technology, a carbon capture system called HyPr-RING process is implemented as an alternative to reduce CO2 and increase the quality of syngas up to 91% volume of H2. The process uses CaO as a sorbent to capture CO2 and convert it into CaCO3 in a gasifier. Then, the CaCO3 is calcinated in a calciner to release back CaO that is recycled to capture more of the CO2. Aside from the high availability of coal and biomass, CaO as a major substance used in the CO2 capture process is also abundant in Indonesia (2,156 billion tons). This technology innovation is also economically feasible as it creates a net profit of USD 58,215 and ROI of 11%.

Application of NMR in Coal Reservoir Characterization

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 2168-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Yang ◽  
Xiao Hua Pan ◽  
Sheng Qiang Yuan ◽  
Zhi Feng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
High Rank ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Low Rank Coal ◽  
Trimodal Distribution ◽  
Porosity And Permeability ◽  
Coal Reservoir ◽  
Low Rank Coals

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can provide information about pore and fracture structures, porosity and permeability of reservoirs. It can deep into materials without destroying samples, with advantages such as rapid, accurate and high resolution. This paper introduced the experimental principles and carried out a series of NMR experiments based on high rank coal and low rank coal samples. Results show that: the T2 spectra of high rank coal samples have an independent trimodal distribution with the main peak located at the low T2 value section, indicating that high rank coal is dominated by micropores and transition pores; while the T2 spectrum of low rank coal samples show a continuous trimodal distribution with the main peak located at the high T2 value section, demonstrating the dominance of macropores, mesopores and fractures. The pore and fracture structures of low rank coals are significantly favorable than those of high rank coals.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Upgrading Low Rank Coal Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyuk Chun ◽  
Sang-Do Kim ◽  
Young Joon Rhim ◽  
Si Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Low Rank Coal
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