scholarly journals The Road to Improved Fiber-Reinforced 3D Printing Technology

Technologies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
S M Fijul Kabir ◽  
Kavita Mathur ◽  
Abdel-Fattah M. Seyam
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Polymer Distribution

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) is at the forefront of the disruptive innovations adding a new dimension in the material fabrication process with numerous design flexibilities. Especially, the ability to reinforce the plastic matrix with nanofiber, microfiber, chopped fiber and continuous fiber has put the technology beyond imagination in terms of multidimensional applications. In this technical paper, fiber and polymer filaments used by the commercial 3D printers to develop fiber-reinforced composites are characterized to discover the unknown manufacturing specifications such as fiber–polymer distribution and fiber volume fraction that have direct practical implications in determining and tuning composites’ properties and their applications. Additionally, the capabilities and limitations of 3D printing software to process materials and control print parameters in relation to print quality, structural integrity and properties of printed composites are discussed. The work in this paper aims to present constructive evaluation and criticism of the current technology along with its pros and cons in order to guide prospective users and 3D printing equipment manufacturers on improvements, as well as identify the potential avenues of development of the next generation 3D printed fiber-reinforced composites.

scholarly journals An Energy-Based Model of Longitudinal Splitting in Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Composites

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Oguni ◽  
G. Ravichandran
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Effective Properties ◽  
Confining Pressure ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Unidirectional Fiber ◽  
Longitudinal Splitting

Unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites are often observed to fail in a longitudinal splitting mode in the fiber direction under far-field compressive loading with weak lateral confinement. An energy-based model is developed based on the principle of minimum potential energy and the evaluation of effective properties to obtain an analytical approximation to the critical stress for longitudinal splitting. The analytic estimate for the compressive strength is used to illustrate its dependence on material properties, surface energy, fiber volume fraction, fiber diameter, and lateral confining pressure. The predictions of the model show good agreement with available experimental data. [S0021-8936(00)02003-1]

scholarly journals A Stochastic Homogenized Peridynamic Model for Intraply Fracture in Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Mehrmashhadi ◽  
Ziguang Chen ◽  
Jiangming Zhao ◽  
Florin Bobaru
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Crack Opening ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Peridynamic Model ◽  
Loading Case

The quasi-static transverse fracture behavior in unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) is investigated using a new intermediately-homogenized peridynamic (IH-PD) model and a fully homogenized peridynamic (FH-PD) model. The novelty in the IH-PD model here is accounting for the topology of the fiber-phase in the transverse sample loading via a calibration to the Halpin-Tsai model. Both models can capture well the measured load-displacement behavior observed experimentally for intraply fracture, without the need for an explicit representation of microstructure geometry of the FRC. The IH-PD model, however, is more accurate and produces crack path tortuosity as well as a non-monotonic load-crack-opening softening curve, similar to what is observed experimentally. These benefits come from the preservation of some micro-scale heterogeneity, stochastically generated in the IH-PD model to match the composite’s fiber volume fraction, while its computational cost is equivalent to that of an FH-PD model. We also present a three-point bending transverse loading case in which the two models lead to dramatically different failure modes: the FH-PD model shows that failure always starts from the off-center pre-notch, while the IH-PD model, when the pre-notch is sufficiently off-center, finds that the composite fails from the center of the sample, not from the pre-notch. Experiments that can confirm these findings are sought.

Tensile Properties of Random Distribution Short SMA Fiber Reinforced Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 686-689
Author(s):  
Hong Shuai Lei ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Zhen Qing Wang ◽  
Xiao Qiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Random Distribution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Effective Elastic Modulus ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Equivalent Inclusion Method ◽  
Equivalent Inclusion ◽  
Three Phase

Shape memory alloy (SMA) reinforced composites have been widely used in aerospace engineering fields. In this paper, four basic assumptions were presented to simply the research model based on the Eshelby’s equivalent inclusion method and Mori-Tanaka scheme. Based on the three-phase equivalent system and two-step equivalent process, the effective elastic modulus and thermal expansion coefficient of unidirectional random distribution short SMA fiber reinforced composites were derived. The tensile mechanical properties of composites with fiber volume fraction (15%), size (L=3, D=1; L=5, D=1), and number (N= 30, 50), were simulated using software ANSYS12.0, and discussed the failure mode of the composites.

scholarly journals Prediction of Orthotropic Hygroscopic Swelling of Fiber-Reinforced Composites from Isotropic Swelling of Matrix Polymer

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Krauklis ◽  
Abedin Gagani ◽  
Andreas Echtermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Matrix Polymer ◽  
Hygroscopic Swelling ◽  
The Matrix

Swelling in fiber-reinforced composites is anisotropic. In this work, dealing with glass fiber epoxy composite immersed in distilled water, swelling coefficients are obtained in each direction experimentally. Swelling behaviour in the fiber direction was constrained by the non-swelling fibers and was close to null, while swelling in the transverse directions was found to occur freely—similar to the unconstrained polymer. An analytical method for predicting anisotropic swelling in composites from the swelling of the matrix polymer is reported in this work. The method has an advantage that it is simple to use in practice and requires only a swelling coefficient of the matrix polymer, elastic constants of the matrix and fibers, and a known fiber volume fraction of the composite. The method was validated using finite element analysis. Good agreement was obtained and is reported between experimental hygroscopic swelling data, analytical and numerical results for composite laminates, indicating the validity of this predictive approach.

scholarly journals Multiscale thermomechanical modeling of short fiber-reinforced composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Jia ◽  
Huiji Shi ◽  
Lei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Cyclic Hardening ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Thermomechanical Modeling

AbstractA study of the micromechanical behavior to predict the overall response of short fiber-reinforced composites under cyclic mechanical and thermal loading is presented. The instantaneous average over a “representative volume” of the material is considered. The influence of the short fiber’s aspect ratio, volume fraction, and spatial orientation has been investigated. The linear combined hardening model is used to describe the cyclic hardening effects in the case of metal matrix. A numerical procedure is used to predict the response of composites under mechanical and thermal conditions. The results of the numerical procedure have been compared to the results of three different models and to published experimental data.

Micromechanical Analysis of Nonlinear Viscoelastic Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 110-116 ◽  
pp. 1166-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Behzadpoor ◽  
Saeed Masoumi ◽  
Manouchehr Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Unidirectional Fiber ◽  
Viscoelastic Matrix ◽  
Nonlinear Viscoelastic ◽  
Micromechanical Approach

The micromechanical approach of Simplified Unit Cell Method (SUCM) in closed-form three dimensional solutions is used for predicting creep response of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites. The composite consist of elastic fibers reinforcing nonlinear viscoelastic resin. The nonlinear viscoelastic matrix behavior is modeled by using Schapery single integral viscoelastic constitutive equation. Off-axis specimens of graphite/epoxy with 45 and 90 fiber orientations were subjected to 480 minutes creep tests and the results is compared with experimental data and MOC results available in the literature. There is good agreement with experimental results due to using SUCM.

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