scholarly journals Intracranial Hemorrhage from Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: What Can We Find with CT Angiography?

Tomography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-814
Author(s):  
Alberto Negro ◽  
Francesco Somma ◽  
Valeria Piscitelli ◽  
Giuseppe Maria Ernesto La Tessa ◽  
Carmine Sicignano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

(1) Background: Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) represent a rare acquired intracranial vascular malformation, with a variety of clinical signs and symptoms, which make their diagnosis difficult. Intracranial hemorrhage is one of the most serious clinical manifestations. In this paper the authors’ goal was to verify the accuracy and utility of contrast-enhanced brain CT angiography (CTA) for the identification and the characterization of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) in patients who presented with brain hemorrhage compared to 3D digital subtraction angiography (3D DSA); (2) a retrospective study of 26 patients with DAVFs who presented with intracranial hemorrhage to our institution was performed. The information reviewed included clinical presentation, location and size of hemorrhage, brain CTA and 3D DSA findings; (3) results: 61% (16/26) of DAVFs were identified by CTA. The vast majority of patients were male (69%, 18/26) and the most common presenting symptom was sudden onset headache. All DAVFs had cortical venous drainage and about one-third were associated with a venous varix. The most common location was tentorial (73%, 19/26); (4) conclusions: CTA can represent a valid alternative diagnostic method to 3D DSA for the study of DAVF in the initial and preliminary diagnostic approach, especially in emergency situations. In fact, it represents a fast, inexpensive, non-invasive and above all, easily accessible and available diagnostic technique, unlike DSA or MRI, allowing to provide information necessary for the identification, classification and treatment planning of DAVFs.

scholarly journals Intracranial hemorrhage from dural arteriovenous fistulas: clinical features and outcome

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. E15 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Daniels ◽  
Ananth K. Vellimana ◽  
Gregory J. Zipfel ◽  
Giuseppe Lanzino
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Intracranial Hemorrhage ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

Object In this paper the authors' goal was to review the clinical features and outcome of patients with intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) who presented with hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective study of 28 patients with DAVFs who presented with intracranial hemorrhage to 2 separate institutions was performed. The information reviewed included clinical presentation, location and size of hemorrhage, angiographic features, treatment, and clinical and radiologically documented outcomes. Clinical and radiological follow-up were available in 27 of 28 patients (mean follow-up 17 months). Results The vast majority of patients were male (86%), and the most common presenting symptom was sudden-onset headache. All DAVFs had cortical venous drainage, and about one-third were associated with a venous varix. The most common location was tentorial (75%). Treatment ranged from endovascular (71%), surgical (43%), Gamma Knife surgery (4%), or a combination of modalities. The majority of fistulas (75%) were completely obliterated, and most patients experienced excellent clinical outcome (71%, modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1). There were no complications in this series. Conclusions Case series, including the current one, suggest that the vast majority of patients who present with intracranial hemorrhage from a DAVF are male. The most common location for DAVFs presenting with hemorrhage is tentorial. Excellent outcomes are achieved with individualized treatment, which includes various therapeutic strategies alone or in combination. Despite the hemorrhagic presentation, almost two-thirds of patients experience a full recovery with no or minimal residual symptoms.

scholarly journals The value of histopathological diagnosis in rupoid psoriasis accompanied by fever. A case report and a review of the literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 282-284
Author(s):  
S.H. Morariu ◽  
M.A. Badea ◽  
M.D. Vartolomei ◽  
Iudita Maria Badea ◽  
O.S. Cotoi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Abstract Psoriasis is a common dermatosis, however the rupoid type is considered as an exceptional form of this disease. Rupoid scabs are very rare in dermatological daily practice, usually being seen as secondary to syphilis in immunosuppressed patients. Rupoid psoriasis is characterized by thick and multilayered crusts that are resistant to local therapy and present a sudden onset. Severe arthropathy is a common manifestation. We did not found in literature any association of rupoid psoriasis with intermittent fever. We present the case of a patient who exhibited a rush of rupoid boards with severe arthralgia accompanied by intermittent fever. The suspicion of malignant syphilis was raised considering the clinical signs and symptoms and the specific social context of STDs. This suspicion was unconfirmed by TPHA negative reaction and histopathological appearance that showed changes typical of psoriasis. Clinical manifestations were successfully controlled with methotrexate.

scholarly journals Observation of initial clinical manifestations and repercussions from the treatment of 314 human injuries caused by black sea urchins (Echinometra lucunter) on the southeastern Brazilian coast

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidal Haddad Junior
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Early Observation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Marine Animals

INTRODUCTION: Injuries caused by sea urchins are the most common caused by marine animals in humans in Brazil, with the black sea urchin (Echinometra lucunter) causing the most injuries to bathers. METHODS: This study observed 314 human wounds with emphasis on the early observation of clinical signs and symptoms and their implications on the recommended treatment. RESULTS: All the injuries were caused by black sea urchins and were observed in bathers. The lesions and the pain were associated with penetration of the spines; there was no early inflammation or pain without pressure on the wounded places. Complications arising from this kind on injury, including infections and foreign body granulomas, are associated with the permanence of the spines in the wounds. CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed that this kind of injury is the most common accident caused by aquatic animals in Brazil. The main therapeutical recommendation is early removal of the spines to prevent late complications, such as infections and the formation of foreign body granulomas.

scholarly journals Porencephalic Cyst in an Adult - A Rare Pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 918-919
Author(s):  
Shreya Tapadia ◽  
Suresh Vasant Phatak ◽  
Harshith Gowda K.B ◽  
Asish Pavanan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Cystic Degeneration ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Porencephalic Cyst

Porencephalic cyst is a rare entity in adults with limited cases reported so far. It is usually congenital and seen in neonates. Here, we report a 25-year-old male who presented with post-ictal confusion following an episode of sudden onset of generalised tonic clonic seizure. He was diagnosed to have large cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) density cystic lesion in the right parieto-occipital region communicating with occipital horn on right side side of porencephaly. Porencephaly is an uncommon congenital disorder that occurs due to cystic degeneration and encephalomalacia leading to porencephalic cyst formation.1 They are considered to occur most commonly from focal encephalomalacia due to a localised cerebral insult during early gestation, 2 while the other aetiologies include trauma, infection, antenatal intraparenchymal haemorrhage and perinatal cerebral ischemia.3 If the insult occurs in late third trimester it can lead to gliosis. Porencephalic cysts are typically lined by white matter of brain parenchyma.2 They differ widely in their location and size while the clinical manifestations and presentations range from being asymptomatic to extremely impaired mental function. Generally, the signs and symptoms of porencephaly become apparent in the first year of life. The earliest manifestation being spasticity and seizures. As the age increases there is a delay in development of milestones presenting as language impairment, disability in intellect and motor deficits. Clinically head circumference measurement varies from being normal or small to an enlarged head in cases of synechiae formation that creates a one-way valve effect leading to progressive enlargement of the cyst and expansion of skull or there may be hydrocephalus.4 Radiologically the diagnosis depends on demonstrating a well-defined CSF-filled space occupying lesion lined by white matter and communicating with ventricles on computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain. The prognosis of porencephaly depends on the location and extent of the cyst.5 If the cyst is very large it can cause mass effect in the form of scalloping of adjacent bone, buckling of brain parenchyma, midline shift to contra lateral side and hydrocephalus. On MRI, brain cyst appears well defined and lined by white matter with or without gliosis. Cerebrospinal fluid is the content which is shown as hypointense on T1 and hyperintense on T2.

An Update of Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Hasan ◽  
Dapo Akintola ◽  
Aliya Hasan ◽  
Dapo Akintola
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Early Referral ◽  
Goltz Syndrome ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Risk Of Malignancy ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome encompasses a variety of clinical signs and symptoms including important oral manifestations which general dental practitioners should be aware of. In light of the risk of malignancy it is important to be aware of this syndrome and recognise the need for early referral for multidisciplinary management. This paper aims to discuss Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, the pathophysiology of the condition and address the wide range of clinical manifestations. The author will pay particular attention to the oral manifestations of the condition and the management of such anomalies.

scholarly journals Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors: Could They Be Beneficial for the Treatment of COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Giorgi ◽  
Silvia Cardarelli ◽  
Federica Ragusa ◽  
Michele Saliola ◽  
Stefano Biagioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pde Inhibitors ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Hydrolyzing Enzymes ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Restrictive Measures

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection to be a pandemic disease. SARS-CoV2 was first identified in China and, despite the restrictive measures adopted, the epidemic has spread globally, becoming a pandemic in a very short time. Though there is growing knowledge of the SARS-CoV2 infection and its clinical manifestations, an effective cure to limit its acute symptoms and its severe complications has not yet been found. Given the worldwide health and economic emergency issues accompanying this pandemic, there is an absolute urgency to identify effective treatments and reduce the post infection outcomes. In this context, phosphodiesterases (PDEs), evolutionarily conserved cyclic nucleotide (cAMP/cGMP) hydrolyzing enzymes, could emerge as new potential targets. Given their extended distribution and modulating role in nearly all organs and cellular environments, a large number of drugs (PDE inhibitors) have been developed to control the specific functions of each PDE family. These PDE inhibitors have already been used in the treatment of pathologies that show clinical signs and symptoms completely or partially overlapping with post-COVID-19 conditions (e.g., thrombosis, inflammation, fibrosis), while new PDE-selective or pan-selective inhibitors are currently under study. This review discusses the state of the art of the different pathologies currently treated with phosphodiesterase inhibitors, highlighting the numerous similarities with the disorders linked to SARS-CoV2 infection, to support the hypothesis that PDE inhibitors, alone or in combination with other drugs, could be beneficial for the treatment of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Diagnosis and Evaluation with 64–Detector Row CT Angiography

Radiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 256 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Wei Lee ◽  
Adam Huang ◽  
Yao-Hung Wang ◽  
Chung-Yi Yang ◽  
Ya-Fang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children compared with adults in Shandong, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Du ◽  
Jinhong Yu ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiaoguo Zhang ◽  
Shouwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Positive Indicators ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

Abstract Aims & Background: The COVID-19 outbreak spread in China and is a threat to the world. We reported on the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children cases to help health workers better understand and provide timely diagnosis and treatment.Methods: Retrospectively, two research centers’ case series of 67 consecutive hospitalized cases including 14 children cases with COVID-19 between 23 Jan 2020 to 15 Feb 2020 from Jinan and Rizhao were enrolled in this study. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics of children and adults were analyzed and compared.Results: Most cases in children were mild(21.4%) and conventional cases(78.6%), with mild clinical signs and symptoms, and all cases were of family clusters. Fever (35.7%) and dry cough(21.4%) were described as clinical manifestations in children cases. Dry cough and phlegm were not the most common symptoms in children compared with adults(p=0.03). In the early stages of the disease, lymphocyte counts did not significantly decline but neutrophils counts did in children compared with adults(p=0.00).There was an elevated level of LDH(p=0.01) and a lower level of CRP(p=0.00)and IL-6(p=0.01) in children compared with adults. There were 8 (57.1%)asymptomatic cases and 6 (42.9%)symptomatic cases among the 14 children cases. The age of asymptomatic patients was younger than that of symptomatic patients(p=0.03). Even among asymptomatic patients, 5(62.5%)cases had pneumonia including 3 (60%) cases with bilateral pneumonia, which was not different compared with that of asymptomatic cases(p=0.58, p=0.74).Conclusions: The clinical symptoms of children are mild, and the positive indicators of laboratory tests are rare, which may easily cause clinical misdiagnoses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document