Association of Unhealthy Behaviors with Self-Harm in Chinese Adolescents: A Study Using Latent Class Analysis

Previous studies have demonstrated the link between individual unhealthy behaviors and self-harm, but little is known about the influence of multiple unhealthy behaviors on self-harm among adolescents. This study aims to identify the potential patterns of unhealthy behaviors and to examine their associations with self-harm, which may become a useful tool for the screening of self-harm in adolescents. A total of 22,628 middle school students (10,990 males and 11,638 females) in six cities was enrolled in this study by multistage stratified cluster sampling from November 2015 to January 2016. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed based on five kinds of unhealthy behaviors (unhealthy losing weight (ULW), tobacco use (TU), alcohol use (AU), screen time (ST), and mobile phone dependence (MPD)). Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine associations between identified subgroups and self-harm. Four subgroups of unhealthy behaviors were identified. Class 1 (71.2%) had the lowest engagement in unhealthy behaviors. Class 2 ((ULW/MPD), 22.3%) had a relatively high prevalence of ULW and MPD. Class 3 ((TU/AU/ST), 3.2%) had a relatively high prevalence of TU, AU, and ST. Class 4 (3.3%) consistently engaged in unhealthy behaviors. Compared to class 1, class 2 (ULW/MPD), class 3 (TU/AU/ST), and class 4 showed OR (95%CI) values of 2.101 (1.964–2.248), 2.153 (1.839–2.520), and 3.979 (3.407–4.645) (p < 0.001 for each), respectively. Class 1, class 2 (ULW/MPD), and class 3 (TU/AU/ST) engagement in unhealthy behaviors was associated with increased self-harm. These findings strongly suggested that self-harm prevention efforts focusing on multiple unhealthy behaviors should be seriously considered for early detection of self-harm.

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Latent Class Analysis of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Among Justice-Involved Juveniles: Association With Motivational and Emotional Aspects of Self-Harm Behavior

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854821998411 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009385482199841

Author(s):

Melinda Reinhardt ◽

Zsolt Horváth ◽

Boglárka Drubina ◽

Gyöngyi Kökönyei ◽

Kenneth G. Rice

Keyword(s):

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Juvenile Detention ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Detention Centers ◽

Self Injury ◽

Class 1 ◽

Emotional Aspects ◽

Self Harm ◽

Nonsuicidal Self Injury

Significantly higher rates of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) have been discovered among justice-involved juveniles. Our study aimed to discriminate homogeneous subgroups of justice-involved youth with different self-harm behavior characteristics based on latent class analysis. A total of 244 adolescents (92.6% boys; Mage = 16.99, SD = 1.28) in Hungarian juvenile detention centers completed measures of NSSI and dissociation. High-NSSI (Class 1; 9%), moderate-NSSI (Class 2; 42.6%), and low-NSSI (Class 3; 48.4%) profiles were detected relating to different forms of NSSI. Multiple comparisons showed that girls were members of Class 1 and 2 at higher rates and these subgroups showed significantly higher dissociation proportions than Class 3. Our findings pointed out diversity in self-harm profiles with different characteristics in terms of methods and severity of self-harm, experienced emotions, and other emotion regulation tendencies among justice-involved adolescents. These results suggest sophisticated treatment approaches to match variations in severity and presentation.

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A latent class analysis of school climate among middle and high school students in California public schools

Children and Youth Services Review ◽

10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.01.023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 ◽

pp. 10-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kris Tunac De Pedro ◽

Tamika Gilreath ◽

Ruth Berkowitz

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Public Schools ◽

School Climate ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Class Analysis ◽

School Students ◽

California Public Schools

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Intersectional Discrimination Attributions and Health Outcomes Among American Older Adults: A Latent Class Analysis

The International Journal of Aging and Human Development ◽

10.1177/00914150211066560 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009141502110665

Author(s):

Peiyi Lu ◽

Dexia Kong ◽

Mack Shelley ◽

Joan K. Davitt

Keyword(s):

Health Outcomes ◽

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Latent Class ◽

Physical Appearance ◽

Later Life ◽

National Origin ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Discrimination Group ◽

Class 1 ◽

High Discrimination

Guided by an intersectionality framework, this study examined intersectional discrimination attributions and their associations with health outcomes. Older respondents (aged ≥50) from the Health and Retirement Study in 2014-2015 were included ( N = 6286). Their reasons for discrimination (age, gender, sexual orientation, race, national origin, religion, financial status, weight, physical appearance, disability, and others) were examined. Latent class analysis examined the subgroup profiles. Six classes were identified: class 1 (54.52% of the sample) had no/minimal discrimination; Class 2 (21.89%) experienced primarily ageism; class 3 (8.81%) reported discrimination based on age/gender/national origin/race; class 4 (7.99%) attributed discrimination to financial/other reasons; class 5 (5.87%) experienced discrimination based on age/weight/physical appearance/disability; and class 6 (0.92%) perceived high discrimination. Intersectional discrimination was associated with poorer self-rated health and higher depressive symptoms compared to the no/minimal discrimination group. Multiple marginalized identities co-occur and contribute to discrimination. An intersectional approach is recommended to understand discrimination in later life.

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Work values: a latent class analysis of Korean employees

Higher Education Skills and Work-based Learning ◽

10.1108/heswbl-10-2021-0188 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Jinju Lee ◽

Yunsoo Lee ◽

Soo Jung Kim ◽

Ji Hoon Song

Keyword(s):

Latent Class Analysis ◽

Human Resource Development ◽

Human Resource ◽

Work Values ◽

Latent Class ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

National Level ◽

Class Analysis ◽

Content Type ◽

Class 1

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify latent classes of work values that influence the career choices of Korean workers through a person-centred approach. Because work values may be diverse in individuals, investigating the various combinations of those values will help understand individual's decisions to take, maintain and leave a job.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a total of 15,103 datasets collected at the national level in South Korea. Data were analyzed by using latent class analysis (LCA); a three-step approach was employed to address classification.FindingsAs the results of this study, Class 3, “seeking balanced work values rather than income,” presented the highest level of job satisfaction, whereas Class 1, “seeking job security and income,” exhibited the lowest.Originality/valueEmploying an assessment tool to identify the distinct combinations of work values that individuals possess and then providing them with appropriate training and development programs and customized Human Resource (HR) policies aligned with the classes will be essential tasks for HRD (Human Resource Development)/HRM (Human Resource Management) practitioners.

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