scholarly journals A Duplex Fluorescent Microsphere Immunoassay for Detection of Bluetongue and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Antibodies in Cattle Sera

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Barbara S. Drolet ◽  
Lindsey M. Reister-Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Serum Sample ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Fluorescent Microsphere ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Microsphere Immunoassay

Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes internationally reportable hemorrhagic disease in cattle, sheep, and white-tailed deer. The closely related, and often co-circulating, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus causes a clinically similar devastating disease in white-tailed deer, with increasing levels of disease in cattle in the past 10 years. Transmitted by Culicoides biting midges, together, they constitute constant disease threats to the livelihood of livestock owners. In cattle, serious economic impacts result from decreased animal production, but most significantly from trade regulations. For effective disease surveillance and accurate trade regulation implementation, rapid, sensitive assays that can detect exposure of cattle to BTV and/or EHDV are needed. We describe the development and validation of a duplex fluorescent microsphere immunoassay (FMIA) to simultaneously detect and differentiate antibodies to BTV and EHDV in a single bovine serum sample. Performance of the duplex FMIA for detection and differentiation of BTV and EHDV serogroup antibodies was comparable, with higher sensitivity than commercially available single-plex competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (cELISA) for detection of each virus antibody separately. The FMIA adds to the currently available diagnostic tools for hemorrhagic orbiviral diseases in cattle as a sensitive, specific assay, with the benefits of serogroup differentiation in a single serum sample, and multiplexing flexibility in a high-throughput platform.

scholarly journals Perspectives on the Changing Landscape of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Control

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2268
Author(s):  
Leela E. Noronha ◽  
Lee W. Cohnstaedt ◽  
Juergen A. Richt ◽  
William C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Domestic Ruminants ◽  
Basic And Applied Research

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an insect-transmitted viral disease of wild and domestic ruminants. It was first described following a 1955 epizootic in North American white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), a species which is highly susceptible to the causative agent of EHD, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). EHDV has been detected globally across tropical and temperate regions, largely corresponding to the presence of Culicoides spp. biting midges which transmit the virus between ruminant hosts. It regularly causes high morbidity and mortality in wild and captive deer populations in endemic areas during epizootics. Although cattle historically have been less susceptible to EHDV, reports of clinical disease in cattle have increased in the past two decades. There is a pressing need to identify new methods to prevent and mitigate outbreaks and reduce the considerable impacts of EHDV on livestock and wildlife. This review discusses recent research advancements towards the control of EHDV, including the development of new investigative tools and progress in basic and applied research focused on virus detection, disease mitigation, and vector control. The potential impacts and implications of these advancements on EHD management are also discussed.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Response of Female Culicoides sonorensis Biting Midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) to Early Infection with Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV-2)

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Nayduch ◽  
Vijay Shankar ◽  
Mary K. Mills ◽  
Tanner Robl ◽  
Barbara S. Drolet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Early Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Hippo Signaling ◽  
Phenotypic Effect ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Culicoides Sonorensis

Female Culicoides sonorensis biting midges are vectors of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), which causes morbidity and mortality in wild and domesticated ruminants. The aims in this study were to identify key changes in female midge transcriptome profiles occurring during early infection with EHDV-2. Midges were fed either negative control bloodmeals or bloodmeals containing EHDV-2 and transcriptomes were acquired at 36 h through deep sequencing. Reads were de novo assembled into a transcriptome comprised of 18,754 unigenes. Overall, there were 2401 differentially expressed unigenes and ~60% were downregulated in response to the virus (953 up; 1448 down). Downstream Gene Ontology enrichment, KEGG pathway mapping, and manual analyses were used to identify the effect of virus ingestion at both the gene and pathway levels. Downregulated unigenes were predominantly assigned to pathways related to cell/tissue structure and integrity (actin cytoskeleton, adherens junction, focal adhesion, hippo signaling), calcium signaling, eye morphogenesis and axon guidance. Unigenes attributed to sensory functions (especially vision), behavior, learning and memory were largely downregulated. Upregulated unigenes included those coding for innate immune processes, olfaction and photoreceptor pigments. Our results suggest that midges respond to virus infection as soon as 36 h post-ingestion, and that EHDV-2 may have a significant phenotypic effect on sensory and neural tissues.

Inter-annual home range fidelity of wild and ranched white-tailed deer in Florida: implications for epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus and bluetongue virus intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy P. Orange ◽  
Emily T. N. Dinh ◽  
Rebecca M. Peters ◽  
Samantha M. Wisely ◽  
Jason K. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease

Hemagglutination of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus

1981 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tokuhisa ◽  
Y. Inaba ◽  
Y. Miura ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
H. Akashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease

65 Inactivation Kinetics of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) By Ingredients Contained in Expect Healthy Deer Technology®.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
A M Gaines ◽  
B Ratliff ◽  
S M Goyal ◽  
H Aboubakr ◽  
D Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Inactivation Kinetics ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals Detection of a novel reassortant epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6 in cattle in Trinidad, West Indies, containing nine RNA segments derived from exotic EHDV strains with an Australian origin

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 103931
Author(s):  
Paulina Rajko-Nenow ◽  
Tamiko Brown-Joseph ◽  
Chandana Tennakoon ◽  
John Flannery ◽  
Christopher A.L. Oura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Virus Serotype

scholarly journals Vector Competence of Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) for Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Serotype 2 Strains from Canada and Florida

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany L. McGregor ◽  
Dinesh Erram ◽  
Carolina Acevedo ◽  
Barry W. Alto ◽  
Nathan D. Burkett-Cadena
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Culicoides Sonorensis

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), an Orbivirus transmitted by Culicoides spp. vectors, is represented by seven serotypes and numerous strains worldwide. While studies comparing vector competence between serotypes exist, studies between viral strains are lacking. In this study, we examined the rates of infection, dissemination, and transmission of two strains of EHDV-2 orally fed to the known vector, Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones. Culicoides sonorensis cohorts were fed an infectious blood meal containing EHDV-2 strains from either Alberta, Canada (Can-Alberta) or Florida (5.5 log10 PFUe/mL) and tested for the vector’s susceptibility to infection and dissemination. In addition, transmission rates of the virus were assessed and compared using capillary tube and honey card methods. Our results show that the Florida strain had higher infection and dissemination rates than the Can-Alberta strain in spite of the Florida strain having significantly lower viral titers in C. sonorensis bodies, legs, and saliva than the Can-Alberta strain. Overall transmission rates were not significantly different between the two strains but varied significantly between the methods used. These findings suggest that the consequences of EHDV infection in C. sonorensis vary between virus strains and have huge implications in future vector competence studies involving Culicoides species and Orbiviruses.

No evidence for involvement of sheep in the epidemiology of cattle virulent epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus

2011 ◽  
Vol 148 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kedmi ◽  
S. Levi ◽  
N. Galon ◽  
V. Bomborov ◽  
H. Yadin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus ◽  
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease
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