scholarly journals The Development of Novel Primer Sets to Specifically Amplify Each of the Five Different Deltapapillomaviruses That Cause Neoplasia after Cross-Species Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
John S. Munday ◽  
Kristene Gedye ◽  
Cíntia Daudt ◽  
Flavio Chaves Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Regional Variability ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Primer Sets

Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) types 1 and 2 are recognized as the main cause of equine sarcoids. However, some studies report that up to a quarter of these tumors do not contain detectible BPV1 or BPV2 DNA. The absence of detectible BPV1 or BPV2 in these sarcoids suggests the possible involvement of other papillomavirus types. Currently, five deltapapillomaviruses are recognized to cause mesenchymal neoplasia after cross-species infection. In addition to BPV1 and BPV2, BPV13 has been associated with equine sarcoids in Brazil, BPV14 has been associated with feline sarcoids, and Ovis aries papillomavirus 2 caused a sarcoid-like lesion in a pig. To investigate the cause of equine sarcoids, PCR primers were developed to specifically amplify each of the five different deltapapillomaviruses that have been associated with mesenchymal neoplasia. The specificity of these primers was confirmed using samples of formalin-fixed tissue known to contain each PV type. These primers allow rapid and sensitive detection of deltapapillomavirus DNA in equine sarcoids. As studies have revealed marked regional variability in the cause of equine sarcoids, these primers will be useful to determine the predominant PV type causing sarcoids in a region. Additionally, there is a single report describing mixed infections by BPV1 and BPV2 in equine sarcoids. The specific primer sets are expected to enable more sensitive detection of mixed infections in equine sarcoids. Determining the cause of equine sarcoids is important as vaccines are developed to prevent these common malignant neoplasms.

scholarly journals Fibropapilloma of the Glans Penis in a Horse

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 816-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Gardiner ◽  
Jens P. Teifke ◽  
Brendan K. Podell ◽  
Debra A. Kamstock
Keyword(s):  
Distal Portion ◽  
Glans Penis ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Recent Onset ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Tissue Specimens ◽  
The Masses

An 18-year-old Arabian stallion was presented for recent onset of stranguria. Physical examination of the distal portion of the glans penis revealed multiple, smooth, glistening, grayish-pink, variably sized, exophytic, nodular masses circumferentially surrounding the external urethral orifice. Partial penile amputation was performed, and the entire specimen was submitted for histological evaluation. Microscopically, the masses consisted of abundant amounts of loosely arranged fibrovascular stroma with low numbers of spindloid to stellate fibrocytes. The overlying epithelium was mildly to moderately hyperplastic with short anastomosing rete ridges (pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia). The lesion was diagnosed as fibropapilloma because of features similar to bovine penile fibropapilloma including anatomical location, gross appearance, and histological characteristics. A sarcoid was considered but negated as the lesion lacked the classical streaming and interlacing spindle cell population, “picket-fence” appearance at the epithelial interface, and long, thin, dissecting rete ridges typical of most equine sarcoids. Polymerase chain reaction for the Bovine papillomavirus-1 and Bovine papillomavirus-2 E5 gene and for Equine herpesvirus 1, 3, and 4 was negative on formalin-fixed tissue specimens.

scholarly journals Evidence from a Series of 104 Equine Sarcoids Suggests That Most Sarcoids in New Zealand Are Caused by Bovine Papillomavirus Type 2, although Both BPV1 and BPV2 DNA Are Detectable in around 10% of Sarcoids

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3093
Author(s):  
John S. Munday ◽  
Geoff Orbell ◽  
Rob A. Fairley ◽  
Michael Hardcastle ◽  
Bernie Vaatstra
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Ovis Aries ◽  
Bovine Papillomavirus ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Mesenchymal Neoplasms ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Time Periods

Equine sarcoids are common mesenchymal neoplasms of horses that are caused by cross-species infection by deltapapillomaviruses. While bovine papillomavirus (BPV) 1 and 2 are the most common causes, there are differences between countries regarding which of these BPV types cause the majority of sarcoids. Additionally, no causative PV can be detected in a subset of sarcoids, suggesting that other PV types could be rarer causes of these neoplasms. In the present study, consensus PCR primers and PCR primers specific for the five deltapapillomavirus types currently known to cause mesenchymal neoplasia (BPV1, BPV2, BPV13, BPV14, and Ovis aries PV2 DNA) were used to investigate the presence of PV DNA in 104 sarcoids from three defined regions in New Zealand and from two distinct time periods separated by 15 years. PV DNA was detected in 94 (90.4%) sarcoids. Of the sarcoids containing PV DNA, 83 (88.3%) contained only BPV2 DNA, 9 (9.6%) BPV1 and BPV2 DNA, and 2 (2.1%) only BPV1 DNA. No other PV types were detected. The predominance of BPV2 is consistent with studies of sarcoids from North America but dissimilar to studies of sarcoids from Europe and Australia. Detection rates of BPV1 and BPV2 were similar in sarcoids from different regions of New Zealand and in sarcoids from different time periods. These results suggest that most equine sarcoids in New Zealand are caused by BPV2 and thus if vaccines are developed to prevent sarcoids, vaccines that provide good protection against BPV2 will be required in this country.

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus from formalin fixed tissue by PCR in fancy chicken

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ponnusamy ◽  
T. Lurthu Reetha ◽  
M. Sasikala ◽  
B.S. M. Ronald ◽  
J. Selvaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Reticular Cell ◽  
Reticuloendotheliosis Virus ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The present study was carried out to identify avian neoplastic viruses in the formalin fixed tissues of fancy chicken. The tissue samples collected during necropsy were examined by histopathology. It showed lymphoid and reticular cell infiltration in kidney, liver and lungs. For identification and differentiation of avian neoplastic viruses, PCR was performed using primer sets specific for Mareks disease virus, avian leukosis complex and reticuloendotheliosis virus. It was found that tumors were REV originated. Further confirmation, purified PCR product was subjected to sequencing. It showed 99% homology with other REV isolates available in the NCBI database. The present communication describes infection of a fancy chicken with REV on the basis of histopathological findings as well as molecular methods.

Severe Antithrombin III Deficiency in an Infant Associated with Multiple Arterial and Venous Thromboses

1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (03) ◽  
pp. 495-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Mendelsohn ◽  
Edward D. Gomperts ◽  
Dennis Gurwitz
Keyword(s):  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Male Infant ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Liver Pathology ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
First Case ◽  
At Iii

SummaryInherited antithrombin III (AT-II, heparin cofactor) deficiency is a rare condition, presenting with thrombotic disease in adult life. This paper reports an 8 months old South African Black male infant with multiple large vessel venous and arterial thromboses, and E. coli septicaemia. This was associated with an extremely low plasma AT-II level. Micronodular cirrhosis and intracytoplasmic hyaline globules in the liver cells were present. These globules were eosinophilic, and PAS-positive after diastase. They measured approximately 5 μ to 30 μ in diameter, occurred singly in the liver cells and were located mainly in the periportal areas. The histological findings in the liver are similar to those observed in α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency in which the intracytoplasmic globules represent accumulation of altered AAT. Immunochemical studies carried out on formalin fixed tissue failed to detect cross reaction material with anti-α1 antitrypsin or anti-AT III antiserum. This is the first case report of AT-III deficiency presenting in infancy. It is also the first case associated with distinctive liver pathology.The available data presented are insufficient to distinguish between an inborn defect and acquired causes of the severely depressed AT-III plasma level and the distinctive liver pathology.

Sensitivity of Acid-Fast Staining forMycobacterium tuberculosisin Formalin-fixed Tissue

2002 ◽  
Vol 166 (7) ◽  
pp. 994-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajime Fukunaga ◽  
Tomoyuki Murakami ◽  
Toshikazu Gondo ◽  
Kazuo Sugi ◽  
Tokuhiro Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Acid Fast Staining

Generation of anti-DC-SIGN monoclonal antibodies capable of blocking HIV-1 gp120 binding and reactive on formalin-fixed tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Canard ◽  
Hortense Vachon ◽  
Thomas Fontaine ◽  
Jean-Jacques Pin ◽  
Stéphane Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Gp120 Binding ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Formalin Fixed

scholarly journals Optimisation of DNA and RNA extraction from archival formalin-fixed tissue

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. i-iii ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Coombs ◽  
A. C. Gough ◽  
J. N. Primrose
Keyword(s):  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Formalin Fixed

scholarly journals A simple technique for preservation of fixation-sensitive antigens in paraffin-embedded tissues.

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Beckstead
Keyword(s):  
Simple Technique ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Lymphoid Tissues ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Fixed Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed Tissue ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Reduced Toxicity ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Immunohistochemistry is a powerful tool for tissue diagnosis and research. Although the frozen section has remained the gold standard for this important approach to evaluation of antigens in tissues, there is widespread acknowledgment of many limitations. Routine paraffin-embedded sections ware widely used for morphological examination of tissues but are not optimal for antigen preservation. In this study, paraffin-embedded tissues fixed with a simple buffer containing zinc as the primary fixative were compared with tissues fixed with routine formalin, zinc-formalin, paraformaldehyde, ethanol, a variety of commercial (non-formalin-containing) fixatives that have been recommended for reduced toxicity and improved antigen survival, and frozen sections. Human lymphoid tissues and a group of antibodies to antigens (CD1, CD4, CD7, CD8, CD19) usually preserved only in frozen tissue were used as a model system. Fixation in a simple solution of zinc acetate and zinc chloride in a Tris-Ca acetate buffer resulted in antigen preservation comparable to that in frozen sections with antibodies to these cell surface markers. Morphological preservation was comparable to formalin-fixed sections. The work presents a new method that represents the closest approach yet to a technique that combines optimal antigenic survival with the convenience and morphological preservation of traditional formalin-fixed tissue embedded in paraffin.

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