scholarly journals Exposure of Domestic Cats to Distinct Ehrlichia canis TRP Genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 310
Author(s):  
Ísis Assis Braga ◽  
Isis Indaiara Gonçalves Granjeiro Taques ◽  
Estefânia Crivelatti Grontoski ◽  
Ingrid Savino de Oliveira Dias ◽  
Nathalia Assis Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Test ◽  
Ehrlichia Canis ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
First Report ◽  
The World ◽  
Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

Cats naturally exposed to Ehrlichia canis have been described in different regions of the world, but little is known about the genotypes associated with infection in these animals. To detect E. canis-specific antibodies and investigate the E. canis TRP genotypes in cats, serum samples from 76 domestic cats reactive to crude E. canis antigens by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) were analyzed by ELISA, using E. canis-specific peptides (i.e., TRP19 and TRP36 /BR/US/CR). Of these, 25 (32.9%) cats reacted to at least one TRP peptide, confirming their specific exposure to E. canis. Eighteen (23.7%) cats reacted to TRP19, 15 (19.8%) to BRTRP36, and 11 (14.5%) to USTRP36, but none of them reacted to CRTRP36. Eight (10.5%) cats reacted to TRP19 but not to any TRP36 genotype, demonstrating the possible existence of a new E. canis genotype infecting felines. Nevertheless, this study provides the first report of anti-E. canis-specific antibodies in domestic cats.

scholarly journals Cytoplasmic, Nuclear, and Platelet Autoantibodies in Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1959-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Wong ◽  
Josephine A. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Antiplatelet Antibodies ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Spindle Apparatus ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Platelet Autoantibodies

Serum samples from patients with confirmed human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) were tested for cytoplasmic, nuclear, and platelet autoantibodies and rheumatoid factor. The indirect fluorescence antinuclear antibody test on Hep-2 cells demonstrated antinuclear titers of ≥40 and ≥160 in 44 and 10%, respectively, of serum samples from HGE patients. Two patients (4%) had anticytoplasmic (mitochondrial and spindle apparatus) antibodies with a titer of 80 and two patients (4%) had anticytoplasmic (mitochondrial) antibodies with a titer of 160 or greater. Flow cytometry was used to demonstrate antiplatelet antibodies in 80% of first serum samples from HGE patients. Rheumatoid factor was not detected. Nuclear and cytoplasmic autoantibodies are a major cause of interference when the indirect fluorescence antibody test is used to detect fluorescence of morulae inEhrlichia-infected equine neutrophils or HL-60 promyelocytes. Antiplatelet antibodies may contribute to the profound thrombocytopenia which is a characteristic laboratory feature during the acute phase of HGE infection. Whether autoantibodies precede infection or are caused by immune activation of HGE deserves further study.

scholarly journals Serological Survey of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii Co-Infection in Rodents in Northwestern Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser NAZARI ◽  
Saeedeh SHOJAEE ◽  
Mahboobeh SALIMI ◽  
Mehdi MOHEBALI ◽  
Navid AHMADIFARD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
High Seroprevalence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

Background: Our knowledge of the epidemiology of rodents’ parasitic agents in Iran is scarce, although some of these pathogens play an important role in human and veterinary medicine, such as Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in rodents of northwestern Iran between Mar and Dec 2015. Methods: Overall, 157 serum samples from rodents (101 Meriones persicus, 41 Mus musculus, and 15 Cricetulus migratorius) were assayed by the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for antibodies to T. gondii and N. caninum Results: We found a prevalence of 20.38% (32/157) for N. caninum, 35% (55/157) for T. gondii. Co-presence of antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii was found in 10 (6.36%) rodents. A significant association was found between the rodents species and seropositivity to N. caninum (P<0.05) but there was no association with rodents species for T. gondii. The overall prevalence of the aforementioned parasites was higher in male versus female rodents. Conclusion: The high seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and neosporosis in rodents in the study area has implications for translocation of these infections across wider geographical regions since these rodents are mostly preyed on by cats or dogs; hence, which can transfer the parasite to other hosts.

scholarly journals Determination of Anti-Bartonella henselae Antibody by Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro TSUNEOKA ◽  
Reiko FUJII ◽  
Kiyomi YAMAMOTO ◽  
Keiko FUJISAWA ◽  
Hidechika IINO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

scholarly journals The indirect india-ink immunoreaction for detection of antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi in rat and mouse serum

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Kellett ◽  
J. E. C. Bywater
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Mouse Serum ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Encephalitozoon Cuniculi ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

The indirect india-ink immunoreaction and the india-ink immunoreaction inhibition tests are described and results are compared with those obtained by the indirect fluorescence antibody test. Titrations of seropositive samples were made by 2 methods and the titres obtained were similar. Some advantages of the india-ink immunoreaction as a diagnostic test are discussed.

scholarly journals Antibodies anti-trypanosomatides in domestic cats in Paraná: who is at highest risk of infection?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos ◽  
Eloiza Teles Caldart ◽  
Fernanda Pinto Ferreira ◽  
Keila Clarine Monteiro ◽  
Marielen de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
In Series ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Simple Logistic

Abstract The aim of this study were to detect antibodies anti-Leishmania spp. and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi in two different populations of domestic cats (Felis catus domesticus) from North Paraná referred for surgical castration and to determine which characteristics of the animals studied may be associated with seropositivity. Serum samples from 679 cats were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) in series. Associations between age, sex, race, year of care and animal group were verified using the simple logistic regression. Percentage of 8.5% (58/679) of cats were positive for Leishmania spp. and 7.6% (51/673) for T. cruzi by the tests ELISA and IFAT. Animals collected by non-governmental animal protection organizations presented more seropositivity for Leishmania spp. (p<0.0001). Results shown that Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi are present in domestic cats in the northern part of the state of Paraná, as well as, owners of non-governmental animal protection organizations may be more exposed to leishmaniasis when compared to other animal owners evaluated in the present study.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the distribution of natural Toxoplasma gondii infection among equids in Northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Dias Munhoz ◽  
Monia Andrade Souza ◽  
Sonia Carmen Lopo Costa ◽  
Jéssica de Souza Freitas ◽  
Aísla Nascimento da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii in naturally infected equids in northeastern Brazil. Serum samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules and 33 donkeys) were subjected to the indirect fluorescent antibody test. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate associated factors. Among the 569 animals sampled, 118 (30.6%) living in rural areas and 14 (26.42%) in urban areas were seropositive (p>0.05). Seropositive animals were observed on 95% of the farms and in all the municipalities. Donkeys/mules as the host, presence of domestic cats and rats on the farm, ingestion of lagoon water and goat rearing remained in the final model as factors associated with infection. Preventive measures such as avoiding the presence of domestic cats close to rearing areas, pastures and sources of water for the animals should be adopted. The wide-ranging distribution of positive animals also indicated that infection in other domestic animals and in humans, through the contaminated environment, was possible. It should be highlighted that there was the possibility that donkeys and mules would continue to have detectable titers for longer, thus explaining the prevalence found. Further studies are needed to confirm this possibility.

First report of Feline Calicivirus (FCV) infection in stray cats in northeast China

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Zhihua Pei ◽  
Guixue Hu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
First Report ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
And Gender

Abstract To improve our understanding of Feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats in Northeast China, 1584 serum samples from 974 domestic cats and 610 stray cats were collected between 2012 and 2015. The samples were tested for FCV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The results revealed an overall seroprevalence of 37.56% (595/1584), a seroprevalence in domestic cats of 32.85% (320/974) and a seroprevalence in stray cats of 45.08% (275/610). Risk factor analysis indicated that species was the only risk factor for the presence of FCV (OR=1.678, 95% CI=1.362-2.066, P<0.001); age, season, region and gender were not risk factors. This is the first report of FCV infection in stray cats in China, and the results of this study can aid in FCV infection control in the felidae family.

scholarly journals Association between Neospora caninum seropositivity and reproductive disorders in girolando cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 2069-2076
Author(s):  
V.G. Gaia ◽  
G.F. Grillo ◽  
M.R.B. Mello ◽  
H.B. Palhano ◽  
A.F. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in Girolando cows, in order to evaluate the association between seropositivity and reproductive disorders. Blood samples were collected from 40 dairy cows in their reproductive phase from the cranial superficial epigastric vein. The blood samples were tested using the Indirect Fluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) to detect anti-N.caninum antibodies. The serological results were used to verify whether there was any association with the manifestation of reproductive disorders based on data from the records of reproductive history from 2017 to 2018 as well as the clinical observations of the herd throughout this study. The Fisher exact test was used to verify the existence of an association between the serology and reproductive disorders, adopting a 95% confidence level. The serological results showed a 27.5% seroprevalence in the herd for N. caninum, however, after statistical analysis, no association between seropositivity and reproductive disorders was found in the evaluated herd. Although the studied population is infected with Neospora caninum, we can infer that anti-Neospora caninum antibodies present in Girolando dairy cows at the UFRRJ Dairy Cattle Facility are not associated with the occurrence of reproductive disorders.

scholarly journals Detection of Specific Antibodies to an Antigenic Mannoprotein for Diagnosis of Penicillium marneffeiPenicilliosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 3028-3031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Cao ◽  
Da-Liang Chen ◽  
Cindy Lee ◽  
Che-Man Chan ◽  
King-Man Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Positive Results

The disseminated and progressive fungal disease Penicillium marneffei penicilliosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in AIDS patients in Southeast Asia. To diagnose systemic penicilliosis, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based antibody test with Mp1p, a purified recombinant antigenic mannoprotein of P. marneffei. Evaluation of the test with guinea pig sera against P. marneffei and other pathogenic fungi indicated that this assay was specific for P. marneffei. Clinical evaluation revealed that high levels of specific antibody were detected in two immunocompetent penicilliosis patients. Furthermore, approximately 80% (14 of 17) of the documented penicilliosis patients with human immunodeficiency virus tested positive for the specific antibody. No false-positive results were found for serum samples from 90 healthy blood donors, 20 patients with typhoid fever, and 55 patients with tuberculosis, indicating a high specificity of the test. Thus, this ELISA-based test for the detection of anti-Mp1p antibody can be of significant value as a diagnostic for penicilliosis.

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