scholarly journals Evapotranspiration and its Components in the Nile River Basin Based on Long-Term Satellite Assimilation Product

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1400
Author(s):  
Isaac Kwesi Nooni ◽  
Guojie Wang ◽  
Daniel Fiifi T. Hagan ◽  
Jiao Lu ◽  
Waheed Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Water Energy Nexus ◽  
Nile River Basin ◽  
Strong Seasonality ◽  
Regional Water

Actual evapotranspiration (ET) and its individual components’ contributions to the water–energy nexus provide insights into our hydrological cycle in a changing climate. Based on long-term satellite ET data assimilated by the Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM), we analyzed changes in ET and its components over the Nile River Basin from 1980 to 2014. The results show a multi-year mean ET of 518 mm·year–1. The long-term ET trend showed a decline at a rate of 18.8 mm·year–10. ET and its components showed strong seasonality and the ET components’ contribution to total ET varied in space and time. ET and its components decreased in humid regions, which was related to precipitation deficits. ET increases in arid-semiarid regions were due to water availability from crop irrigation fields in the Nile Plain. Precipitation was the dominant limiting driver of ET in the region. Vegetation transpiration (an average of 78.1% of total ET) dominated the basin’s water fluxes, suggesting biological fluxes play a role in the regional water cycle’s response to climate change. This analysis furthers our understanding of the water dynamics in the region and may significantly improve our knowledge of future hydrological modelling.

The Value of Long-term Streamflow Forecasts in Adaptive Reservoir Operation: The Case of High Aswan Dam in the Transboundary Nile River Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham Eldardiry ◽  
Faisal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Reservoir Operation ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Reservoir Operations ◽  
High Aswan Dam ◽  
Aswan Dam ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
Nile River Basin

AbstractTransboundary river basins are experiencing extensive dam development that challenges future water management, especially for downstream nations. Thus, adapting the operation of existing reservoirs is indispensable to cope with alterations in flow regime. We proposed a Forecast-based Adaptive Reservoir Operation (namely FARO) framework to evaluate the use of long-term climate forecasts in improving real-time reservoir operations. The FARO approach was applied to the High Aswan Dam (HAD) in the Nile river basin. Monthly precipitation and temperature forecasts at up to 12 months of lead time are used from a suite of eight North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) models. The value of NMME-based forecasts to reservoir operations was compared with perfect and climatology-based forecasts over an optimization horizon of 10 years from 1993 to 2002. Our results indicated that the forecast horizon for HAD operation ranges between 5- and 12-month lead time at low and high demand scenarios, respectively, beyond which the forecast information no longer improves the release decision. The forecast value to HAD operation is more pronounced in the months following the flooding season (October through December). During these months, the skill of streamflow forecasts using NMME forcings outperforms the climatology-based forecasts. When considering the operation of upstream Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), using streamflow forecasts minimally helps to maintain current target objectives of HAD operation and therefore result in higher operation costs as opposed to current conditions without GERD. Our study underlined the importance of deriving a new adaptive operating policy for HAD to improve the value of available forecasts while considering GERD filling and operation phases.

Sediment balances in the Blue Nile River Basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasir S.A. ALI ◽  
Alessandra CROSATO ◽  
Yasir A. MOHAMED ◽  
Seifeldin H. ABDALLA ◽  
Nigel G. WRIGHT
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Blue Nile ◽  
Nile River Basin ◽  
Blue Nile River Basin

Hydro-economic risk assessment in the eastern Nile River basin

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 16-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Arjoon ◽  
Yasir Mohamed ◽  
Quentin Goor ◽  
Amaury Tilmant
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Economic Risk ◽  
Nile River Basin

scholarly journals Trend Dynamics of GRACE Terrestrial Water Storage in the Nile River Basin

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Hasan ◽  
Aondover Tarhule
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Population Density ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Nile River ◽  
Terrestrial Water Storage ◽  
Terrestrial Water ◽  
Nile River Basin

GRACE-derived Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies (TWSA) continue to be used in an expanding array of studies to analyze numerous processes and phenomena related to terrestrial water storage dynamics, including groundwater depletions, lake storage variations, snow, and glacial mass changes, as well as floods, droughts, among others. So far, however, few studies have investigated how the factors that affect total water storage (e.g., precipitation, runoff, soil moisture, evapotranspiration) interact and combine over space and time to produce the mass variations that GRACE detects. This paper is an attempt to fill that gap and stimulate needed research in this area. Using the Nile River Basin as case study, it explicitly analyzes nine hydroclimatic and anthropogenic processes, as well as their relationship to TWS in different climatic zones in the Nile River Basin. The analytic method employed the trends in both the dependent and independent variables applying two geographically multiple regression (GMR) approaches: (i) an unweighted or ordinary least square regression (OLS) model in which the contributions of all variables to TWS variability are deemed equal at all locations; and (ii) a geographically weighted regression (GWR) which assigns a weight to each variable at different locations based on the occurrence of trend clusters, determined by Moran’s cluster index. In both cases, model efficacy was investigated using standard goodness of fit diagnostics. The OLS showed that trends in five variables (i.e., precipitation, runoff, surface water soil moisture, and population density) significantly (p<0.0001) explain the trends in TWSA for the basin at large. However, the models R2 value is only 0.14. In contrast, the GWR produced R2 values ranging between 0.40 and 0.89, with an average of 0.86 and normally distributed standard residuals. The models retained in the GWR differ by climatic zone. The results showed that all nine variables contribute significantly to the trend in TWS in the Tropical region; population density is an important contributor to TWSA variability in all zones; ET and Population density are the only significant variables in the semiarid zone. This type of information is critical for developing robust statistical models for reconstructing time series of proxy GRACE anomalies that predate the launch of the GRACE mission and for gap-filling between GRACE and GRACE-FO.

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