scholarly journals Crayfish as Bioindicators for Monitoring ClO2: A Case Study from a Brewery Water Treatment Facility

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Malinovska ◽  
Filip Ložek ◽  
Iryna Kuklina ◽  
Petr Císař ◽  
Pavel Kozák
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Separate Flow ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Commercial Enterprise

This study focuses on the use of crayfish as bioindicators in the water treatment process during operating conditions. The crayfish physiological responses to water disinfected with chlorine dioxide (ClO2) was evaluated. Monitoring was conducted at the private commercial enterprise Protivín Brewery in Czech Republic under standard operating conditions. This brewery has a water treatment facility, where ClO2 is used for water purification. A total of 25 adult signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) were kept in separate flow-through aquaria receiving the purified water with ClO2 concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.29 mg L−1. Diurnal rhythms of 32% of crayfish was disturbed even at lower concentrations of ClO2 (0.01–0.2 mg L−1), while higher concentrations (>0.2 mg L−1) affected all animals. A random decline and rise of heart rate was detected. In addition, the frequent occurrence of higher levels of ClO2 significantly increased mortality. On average, mortality of crayfish occurred three to four weeks after stocking into the experimental system. Crayfish mortality is estimated to occur at concentrations exceeding 0.2 mg L−1 of ClO2. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to ClO2 adversely affects crayfish physiology. In addition, the results of this study could contribute to the use of crayfish as bioindicators in long-term water quality monitoring under industrial conditions.

Water quality considerations in developing a new resource for water supply within the midlands of England

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Smith ◽  
S. Crymble
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Programme ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Major Consideration

Increasing demand for limited water resources within the Midlands of England resulted in a lower quality river being considered for water supply in an area of high urban and rural population. A comprehensive water quality monitoring programme was undertaken on the river to compare its quality with other sources used for water supply. Concurrent with the monitoring programme a series of laboratory scale trials began to assess how the river water could be treated, and the costs involved. A major consideration was the need to provide treated water by the summer of 1997, which precluded a complete new water treatment process from being designed. The paper outlines the results from the monitoring programme, including some of the problem parameters such as pesticides at over 10 ug/l, and how some of the sources of these pollutants were identified. It also describes the treatment trials and explains how a water treatment process was developed which utilises disused gravel workings to provide bankside storage and a combination of powdered and granular activated carbon to remove organic pollutants.

An Assessment of Long-Term Monitoring Data for Constructed Wetlands for Urban Highway Runoff Control

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Farrell ◽  
Ronald B. Scheckenberger
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Contaminant Removal ◽  
Runoff Control ◽  
Term Monitoring

Abstract Constructed wetlands have gained acceptance as a means of treating stormwater runoff from urban developments. Much of the available data regarding the performance of these facilities is based upon monitoring conducted over the course of less than two years, and as such inherently assumes that the period of analysis represents the “typical” or “design” conditions under which these facilities are intended to operate. While this information has provided guidance regarding the mechanisms by which wetlands provide quality treatment of urban runoff, it does not fully reflect the variability of conditions under which the facilities operate over the fullness of time, which is of particular concern to designers and operators. The construction of the Dartnall Road Interchange, as part of Hamilton's Lincoln Alexander Parkway, required a monitoring program—which included five years of water quality sampling—as a condition of approval by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans. This paper reports on the quantitative and qualitative wetland water quality monitoring data (sediment, nutrients, metals) obtained over the course of a total seven-year program, and provides information regarding the operating conditions and estimates on contaminant removal efficiencies from the facilities.

Removal of DOM and THM formation potential of tropical surface water by ceramic microfiltration

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 869-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abeynayaka ◽  
C. Visvanathan ◽  
N. Monthakanti ◽  
T. Hashimoto ◽  
H. Katayama
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Trihalomethane Formation Potential ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) removal by ceramic microfiltration (CMF) under different operating conditions was investigated and compared with the performance of a conventional water treatment plant at Bangkhen, Thailand. The tropical surface raw water for all the experiments was taken from Chaophraya River, Bangkok, Thailand. CMF studies were conducted with both pilot scale (Pilot-CMF) and laboratory scale (Lab-CMF) units. Observations indicate that the properties of raw water such as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) vary with time. Under these varying raw water conditions, the conventional water treatment process demonstrates varying THMFP removals. The Pilot-CMF provides better and steady THMFP removals compared to conventional process. Bangkhen water treatment plant (BWTP) filtrate SUVA (2.01 ± 1.07) and Pilot-CMF filtrate SUVA (3.22 ± 0.98) were significantly lower compared to raw water SUVA (4.79 ± 1.39). This SUVA reduction indicated a higher removal of aromatic DOMs through both treatment processes. Pilot-CMF manifest a grater removal of hydrophilic DOM compared to filtrate from BWTP. This corresponds to a higher reduction of THMFP by Pilot-CMF over BWTP. It was found that higher removal of DOC by Pilot-CMF is associated with coagulation process, effects of suspended solids and membrane properties.

Study on Energy-Saving Electronic Water Treatment Facility with Automatically Adjustable Operating Voltage

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 770-775
Author(s):  
Jun Lei Song ◽  
Fen Fen Shi ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Qian Zou ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
Treatment Facility ◽  
Circulating Water

When wastewater is treated with an electronic water treatment method, hardness, alkalinity and conductivity of the wastewater decrease much slower with time on. If the operating voltage of wastewater treatment is reduced at this time, the purpose of energy saving can be realized while wastewater treatment efficiency is guaranteed. Existing electronic water treatment facilities always realize water treatment with constant low voltages and almost all of them have no optimal design about energy saving, water treatment system rust reduction, water treatment automation, etc. To solve these problems, a new energy-saving electronic water treatment facility is designed in this paper. Based on a low-power SCM MPS430F169 and circuits such as the water treatment voltage control circuit and the voltage and current sampling circuit, the facility establishes a closed-loop system with functions of water quality monitoring and automatic water treatment voltage adjustment. Experimental results show that the facility can realize real-time water quality monitoring in the process of wastewater treatment and automatically adjust operating voltage in line with the water quality, thus significantly reducing unnecessary energy consumption. The facility can be used in fields such as industrial circulating water treatment.

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1867-1872
Author(s):  
Florina Fabian ◽  
Silvia Fiore ◽  
Giuseppe Genon ◽  
Deborah Panepinto ◽  
Valentin Nedeff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Water Treatment Process

Removal of sulphite-reducing clostridia spores by full-scale water treatment processes as a surrogate for protozoan (oo)cysts removal

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Hijnen ◽  
J. Willemsen-Zwaagstra ◽  
P. Hiemstra ◽  
G. J. Medema ◽  
D. van der Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Unit Process ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Scale Unit ◽  
Micro Organisms

At eight full-scale water treatment plants in the Netherlands the removal of spores of sulphite-reducing clostridia (SSRC) was determined. By sampling and processing large volumes of water (1 up to 500 litres) SSRC were detected after each stage of the treatment. This enabled the assessment of the removal efficiency of the full-scale unit processes for persistent micro-organisms. A comparison with literature data on the removal of Cryptosporidium and Giardia by the same type of processes revealed that SSRC can be considered as a potential surrogate. The average Decimal Elimination Capacity (DEC) of the overall treatment plants ranged from 1.3–4.3 log. The observed actual log removal of SSRC by the unit processes and the overall treatment at one of the studied locations showed that the level of variation in removal efficiency was approximately 2 log. Moreover, from the actual log removal values it was observed that a low SSRC removal by one unit process is partly compensated by a higher removal by subsequent unit processes at this location. SSRC can be used for identification of the process conditions that cause variation in micro-organism removal which may lead to process optimization. Further research is necessary to determine the optimal use of SSRC in water quality monitoring for the production of microbiologically safe drinking water.

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