scholarly journals Conserving Mekong Megafishes: Current Status and Critical Threats in Cambodia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Campbell ◽  
Kakada Pin ◽  
Peng Ngor ◽  
Zeb Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Illegal Fishing ◽  
Maximum Body

Megafishes are important to people and ecosystems worldwide. These fishes attain a maximum body weight of ≥30 kg. Global population declines highlight the need for more information about megafishes’ conservation status to inform management and conservation. The northern Cambodian Mekong River and its major tributaries are considered one of the last refugia for Mekong megafishes. We collected data on population abundance and body size trends for eight megafishes in this region to better understand their conservation statuses. Data were collected in June 2018 using a local ecological knowledge survey of 96 fishers in 12 villages. Fishers reported that, over 20 years, most megafishes changed from common to uncommon, rare, or locally extirpated. The most common and rarest species had mean last capture dates of 4.5 and 95 months before the survey, respectively. All species had declined greatly in body size. Maximum body weights reported by fishers ranged from 11–88% of their recorded maxima. Fishers identified 10 threats to megafishes, seven of which were types of illegal fishing. Electrofishing was the most prevalent. Results confirm that Mekong megafishes are severely endangered. Species Conservation Strategies should be developed and must address pervasive illegal fishing activities, alongside habitat degradation and blocked migrations, to recover declining populations.

scholarly journals Current status and conservation strategies for Isoetes in China: a case study for the conservation of threatened aquatic plants

Oryx ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Liu ◽  
Jing-Yuan Wang ◽  
Qing-Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
The Government

There are four known species of Isoetes (Family Isoetaceae) from China: I. hypsophila, I. sinensis and I. yunguiensis on the mainland, and I. taiwanensis on Taiwan. In a 4-year study we documented the distribution and habitat characteristics of all four species and evaluated their conservation status using IUCN criteria. All four species are facing a high risk of extinction and should be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Habitat degradation and loss, water pollution and eutrophication, competitive exclusion, and human disturbance are the main factors causing the decline and extirpation of Isoetes. Only I. taiwanensis is protected in situ in Yangmingshan National Park on Taiwan. None of the species or habitats of Isoetes on mainland China are presently protected, although all species have been designated by the government as State Key Protected Wild Plants. Our results suggest that conservation strategies should be implemented urgently, particularly on the mainland.

Local ecological knowledge to assist conservation status assessments in data poor contexts: a case study with the threatened sharks of the Brazilian Northeast

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine O. H. C. Leduc ◽  
Fábio H. D. De Carvalho ◽  
Nigel E. Hussey ◽  
José Amorim Reis-Filho ◽  
Guilherme O. Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

scholarly journals Overview on the distribution of gorgonian species in Tunisian marine coastal waters (central Mediterranean)

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raouia Ghanem ◽  
Emna Soufi Kechaou ◽  
Jamila Ben Souissi ◽  
Joaquim Garrabou
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Gorgonian Species ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
And Function

Gorgonian species play an important ecological role in the structure and function of marine communities. Human activities are negatively affecting the conservation status of gorgonian populations in the Mediterranean. Acquiring knowledge of gorgonian distribution is therefore a key step required to promote efficient management and conservation actions. However, information on the distribution of gorgonian species is lacking in many Mediterranean areas. This study aimed to provide an overview of the geographic and bathymetric distributions of gorgonians in the coastal waters of the Tunisian coast (1136 km). The sampling design encompassed three sectors, 27 localities and 87 sites. Information was collected from scuba diving (26 sites) and local ecological knowledge surveys of fishermen and divers (132 interviews), as well as from a literature review. Overall, the occurrence of eight gorgonians was confirmed at 54 out of the 87 sites surveyed in Tunisian coastal waters (7-120 m depth). The species that were found were Eunicella singularis, Eunicella cavolini, Paramuricea clavata, Paramuricea macrospina, Leptogorgia sarmentosa, Eunicella verrucosa, Corallium rubrum and Ellisella paraplexauroides. The highest gorgonian species richness and abundance was recorded in northern, followed by eastern Tunisian waters. In the southern areas only one species was recorded. This pattern was related to the rocky substrate that characterizes the northern and eastern coasts of Tunisia. This study is the first to report the occurrence of E. singularis, E. cavolini, E. verrucosa and Leptogorgia sarmentosa in northern and eastern Tunisian waters. The results are discussed in the hope of guiding future conservation and management actions for gorgonian assemblages in Tunisia.

scholarly journals Current status and conservation of the Endangered Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii, endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China

Oryx ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlin Li ◽  
Zhigang Jiang ◽  
Xiaoge Ping ◽  
Jing Cai ◽  
Zhangqiang You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Qinghai Lake ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Domestic Livestock ◽  
Procapra Przewalskii

AbstractIn 2008 Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii, endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China, was recategorized from Critically Endangered to Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The species is still, however, threatened, and the human population and accompanying domestic livestock are increasing around Qinghai Lake. Here we provide up-to-date information on the distribution and population size of the species, evaluate its current conservation status and discuss the difficulties of protecting this gazelle species. We used both distance sampling and total counts to survey 16 sites where the species has been reported and found it at 13 of these, occupying a total area of c. 250 km2. Population size estimated from distance sampling (1,635) and total counts (1,544) was similar. About 20% of the gazelles located were in newly discovered areas for the species. The results indicate an overall growth in the population of Przewalski's gazelle since 2003, although some subpopulations have declined or been extirpated. In spite of conservation efforts Przewalski's gazelle is still threatened by habitat degradation and loss, habitat fragmentation, fencing, intensified competition with domestic livestock and predation. Further growth of this gazelle population is constrained by limited habitat availability and human–gazelle conflict. We recommend that management and conservation strategies need to incorporate comprehensive knowledge of the gazelle, long-term monitoring, and captive breeding of injured and orphaned gazelles to form a potential pool of individuals for future reintroductions to the historical range of the species outside the Qinghai Lake basin.

scholarly journals Integrating ecological monitoring and local ecological knowledge to evaluate conservation outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle-María Early-Capistrán ◽  
Elena Solana-Arellano ◽  
F. Alberto Abreu-Grobois ◽  
Gerardo Garibay-Melo ◽  
Jeffrey A. Seminoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Ecological Science

Successful conservation of long-lived species requires reliable understanding of long-term trends and historical baselines. Using a green turtle (Chelonia mydas) foraging aggregation in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico as case study, we integrated scientific monitoring data with historic catch rate reconstructions derived from Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK). Models fit to LEK and monitoring data indicate that turtle abundance is increasing, but only after ~40 years of safeguarding the species' nesting and foraging habitats in Mexico. However, as population declines occurred 75% faster than increases, and current abundance is at ~60% of historical baseline levels, indicating the need for sustained, long-term conservation actions. This study demonstrates the potential of linking LEK and ecological science to provide critical information for conservation, by establishing reference baselines and gauging population status, while promoting equitable and sustainable futures for local communities.

scholarly journals Linking co-monitoring to co-management: bringing together local, traditional, and scientific knowledge in a wildlife status assessment framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-266
Author(s):  
Stephanie J. Peacock ◽  
Fabien Mavrot ◽  
Matilde Tomaselli ◽  
Andrea Hanke ◽  
Heather Fenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Status Assessment

Effective wildlife management requires accurate and timely information on conservation status and trends, and knowledge of the factors driving population change. Reliable monitoring of wildlife population health, including disease, body condition, and population trends and demographics, is central to achieving this, but conventional scientific monitoring alone is often not sufficient. Combining different approaches and knowledge types can provide a more holistic understanding than conventional science alone and can bridge gaps in scientific monitoring in remote and sparsely populated areas. Inclusion of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) is core to the wildlife co-management mandate of the Canadian territories and is usually included through consultation and engagement processes. We propose a status assessment framework that provides a systematic and transparent approach to including TEK, as well as local ecological knowledge (LEK), in the design, implementation, and interpretation of wildlife conservation status assessments. Drawing on a community-based monitoring program for muskoxen and caribou in northern Canada, we describe how scientific knowledge and TEK/LEK, documented through conventional monitoring, hunter-based sampling, or qualitative methods, can be brought together to inform indicators of wildlife health within our proposed assessment framework. Atuttiaqtut angutikhat aulatauni piyalgit nalaumayumik piyarakittumiklu tuhagakhat nunguttailininut qanuritni pitquhitlu, ilihimanilu pityutit pipkaqni amigaitnit alanguqni. Naahuriyaulat munarini angutikhat amigaitni aaniaqtailini, ilautitlugit aaniarutit, timai qanuritnit, amigaitnitlu pitquhit hiamaumanilu, atugauniqhauyut pitaqninut una, kihimik atuqtauvaktut naunaiyaiyit munariyauni kihimik amihuni naamangitmata. Ilaliutyaqni allatqit pityuhit ilihimanitlu qanuritni piqarutaulat tamatkiumaniqhanik kangiqhimani atuqtauvaktuniunganit naunaiyaiyit munarinit ahiniittut akuttuyunik amigaitni inait. Ilaliutyaqni pitquhit uumatyutit ilihimani (TEK) qitqanittut angutikhat aulaqataunit havariyaqaqtai tapkuat Kanatamiuni nunatagauyut ilaliutivakniqhatlu atuqhugit uqaqatigikni piqataunilu pityuhiit. Uuktutigiyavut qanuritnia naunaiyaqni havagut piqaqtitiyuq havagutikhainik hatqiumanilu pityuhit ilautitlugit Pitquhit Uumatyutit Ilihimanit (TEK), tapkualuttauq nunalikni uumatyutit ilihimanit (LEK), hanatyuhikhaini, atuqpaliani, tukiliuqnilu angutikhat nunguttailini qanuritnit naunaiyaqni. Pivigiplugit nunaliuyuningaqtut munaqhityutit havagutit umingmaknut tuktutlu ukiuqtaqtuani Kanata, unnirtuqtavut qanuq naunaiyaiyit ilihimani tapkuatlu TEK/LEK, titiqhimani atuqhugit atuqtauvaktut munaqhityutaunit, angunahuaqtumingaqtut naunaiyagat, uvaluniit nakuuninut pityuhit, atauttimuktaulat tuhaqhitninut naunaipkutat angutikhat tahamani uuktutauyuq naunaiyaqni havagutai.

scholarly journals Current population status of the endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus (Mammalia: Cetartiodactyla: Cervidae) in the Terai grasslands: a study following political unrest in Manas National Park, India ­

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 14655-14662
Author(s):  
Alolika Sinha ◽  
Bibhuti Prasad Lahkar ◽  
Syed Ainul Hussain
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Distance Sampling ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Illegal Hunting ◽  
Current Population ◽  
Line Transects

The Endangered Hog Deer Axis porcinus has experienced drastic population declines throughout its geographical range.  There is limited knowledge of its current population status, particularly from northeastern India.  In this study the population density of Hog Deer was assessed in Manas National Park, which was a deer stronghold prior to the armed conflict that lasted for almost two decades, resulting in depressed deer populations.  With the cessation of conflict, efforts were invested by both government and conservation organisations for the recovery and conservation of charismatic fauna in the park.  Studies on Hog Deer populations, however, were lacking and thus reliable information on current status is unavailable.  Current population status and threats faced by Hog Deer were assessed to aid informed conservation decisions.  Distance sampling techniques (line transects) were applied in the grassland habitat during the dry season of two consecutive years.  The estimated Hog Deer density was 18.22±3.32 km-2.  The potential threats to Hog Deer identified in Manas include habitat loss, habitat degradation due to spread of invasive plant species, illegal hunting, and other anthropogenic disturbances.  Our study suggests that the Hog Deer population, though reviving, needs immediate conservation attention.

Demographics, pollination syndrome and conservation status of Macrozamia platyrhachis (Zamiaceae), a geographically restricted Queensland cycad

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Terry ◽  
Paul I. Forster ◽  
Chris J. Moore ◽  
Robert B. Roemer ◽  
Peter J. Machin
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
Early Evening ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Discrete Populations

To assess the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) status of Macrozamia platyrhachis F.M.Bailey, we surveyed this central Queensland cycad for its population abundance and health and its pollinator type and pollination syndrome (thermogenesis and volatile emissions). Plants are locally abundant within the 11 discrete populations surveyed, with an estimated population of 611 315 adult plants. Plants are highly restricted to a small area of occupancy, seed dispersal is nearly non-existent and extreme fires appear to have destroyed almost all seeds and seedlings and decimated the pollinators. Of known Macrozamia pollinators, only the thrips, Cycadothrips chadwicki Mound, were found on cones, and these were found in very low numbers. The pollination syndrome for this cycad appears to be unique, based on two cone traits. For one, thermogenesis peaks in early evening, a contrast with daytime peaks of other Cycadothrips-pollinated Macrozamia, but matches that of the Tranes weevil-pollinated Macrozamia machinii. In addition, cone volatiles include both previously unreported compounds as well as those reported exclusively on either Cycadothrips- or Tranes-pollinated species. Based on its small, fragmented area of occupancy, projected population declines and the unique pollination syndrome, we recommend that M. platyrhachis retain its current status as ‘Endangered’. Habitat management plans should stipulate that controlled burns be avoided during cycad coning season and that wildfires be controlled to minimise damage to seedlings and pollinators.

Conservation of carnivorous plants

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Clarke ◽  
Adam Cross ◽  
Barry Rice
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Carnivorous Plant ◽  
Habitat Destruction ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Species Specific

Approximately 20% of carnivorous plant species are threatened worldwide. Key threats include habitat degradation and loss, altered fire regimes or hydrology, and collection of plants for trade. In most parts of the world, conservation efforts are focused on documenting the threats to species, a necessary precursor to the implementation of conservation strategies and actions. To date, North America is the only region where species-specific conservation actions have been implemented. In southwestern Australia, inappropriate land management practices and urbanization threaten a number of species, whereas in Southeast Asia, Nepenthes pitcher plants are threatened by habitat destruction and collection for trade. Some iconic carnivorous plant species in these two biodiversity hotspots are critically endangered and the need for recovery plans and actions is urgent. There is an equally urgent need for baseline data on the conservation status of carnivorous plant species from other regions, particularly Africa and South America.

scholarly journals Tapping into local ecological knowledge to assess the former importance and current status of sawfishes in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Bonfil ◽  
M Ricaño-Soriano ◽  
OU Mendoza-Vargas ◽  
I Méndez-Loeza ◽  
JC Pérez-Jiménez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Ecological Knowledge ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Ecological Knowledge
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