Current status and conservation strategies for Isoetes in China: a case study for the conservation of threatened aquatic plants

There are four known species of Isoetes (Family Isoetaceae) from China: I. hypsophila, I. sinensis and I. yunguiensis on the mainland, and I. taiwanensis on Taiwan. In a 4-year study we documented the distribution and habitat characteristics of all four species and evaluated their conservation status using IUCN criteria. All four species are facing a high risk of extinction and should be categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Habitat degradation and loss, water pollution and eutrophication, competitive exclusion, and human disturbance are the main factors causing the decline and extirpation of Isoetes. Only I. taiwanensis is protected in situ in Yangmingshan National Park on Taiwan. None of the species or habitats of Isoetes on mainland China are presently protected, although all species have been designated by the government as State Key Protected Wild Plants. Our results suggest that conservation strategies should be implemented urgently, particularly on the mainland.

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Conserving Mekong Megafishes: Current Status and Critical Threats in Cambodia

Water ◽

10.3390/w12061820 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1820 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Teresa Campbell ◽

Kakada Pin ◽

Peng Ngor ◽

Zeb Hogan

Keyword(s):

Body Size ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Local Ecological Knowledge ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Current Status ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Ecological Knowledge ◽

Population Declines ◽

Illegal Fishing ◽

Maximum Body

Megafishes are important to people and ecosystems worldwide. These fishes attain a maximum body weight of ≥30 kg. Global population declines highlight the need for more information about megafishes’ conservation status to inform management and conservation. The northern Cambodian Mekong River and its major tributaries are considered one of the last refugia for Mekong megafishes. We collected data on population abundance and body size trends for eight megafishes in this region to better understand their conservation statuses. Data were collected in June 2018 using a local ecological knowledge survey of 96 fishers in 12 villages. Fishers reported that, over 20 years, most megafishes changed from common to uncommon, rare, or locally extirpated. The most common and rarest species had mean last capture dates of 4.5 and 95 months before the survey, respectively. All species had declined greatly in body size. Maximum body weights reported by fishers ranged from 11–88% of their recorded maxima. Fishers identified 10 threats to megafishes, seven of which were types of illegal fishing. Electrofishing was the most prevalent. Results confirm that Mekong megafishes are severely endangered. Species Conservation Strategies should be developed and must address pervasive illegal fishing activities, alongside habitat degradation and blocked migrations, to recover declining populations.

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Global extinction risk for seahorses, pipefishes and their near relatives (Syngnathiformes)

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605320000782 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Riley A. Pollom ◽

Gina M. Ralph ◽

Caroline M. Pollock ◽

Amanda C.J. Vincent

Keyword(s):

Threatened Species ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Field Research ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Data Deficient

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk for 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017, using the IUCN Red List criteria. This order of bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons (family Syngnathidae). It also includes trumpetfishes (Aulostomidae), shrimpfishes (Centriscidae), cornetfishes (Fistulariidae) and ghost pipefishes (Solenostomidae). At least 6% are threatened, but data suggest a mid-point estimate of 7.9% and an upper bound of 38%. Most of the threatened species are seahorses (Hippocampus spp.: 14/42 species, with an additional 17 that are Data Deficient) or freshwater pipefishes of the genus Microphis (2/18 species, with seven additional that are Data Deficient). Two species are Near Threatened. Nearly one-third of syngnathiformes (97 species) are Data Deficient and could potentially be threatened, requiring further field research and evaluation. Most species (61%) were, however, evaluated as Least Concern. Primary threats to syngnathids are (1) overexploitation, primarily by non-selective fisheries, for which most assessments were determined by criterion A (Hippocampus) and/or (2) habitat loss and degradation, for which assessments were determined by criterion B (Microphis and some Hippocampus). Threatened species occurred in most regions but more are found in East and South-east Asia and in South African estuaries. Vital conservation action for syngnathids, including constraining fisheries, particularly non-selective extraction, and habitat protection and rehabilitation, will benefit many other aquatic species.

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The decline and conservation management of the threatened endemic palms of the Mascarene Islands

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605302000091 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 56-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mike Maunder ◽

Wayne Page ◽

John Mauremootoo ◽

Richard Payendee ◽

Yousoof Mungroo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Conservation Management ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Population Fragmentation ◽

Wild Populations ◽

Mascarene Islands

Abstract The conservation status of the five genera and 11 species of palm endemic to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius, La Réunion and Rodriques) are reviewed. All species are threatened with extinction; nine taxa are classified as Critically Endangered and four as Endangered on the 2000 IUCN Red List. Two taxa survive as single wild specimens (Hyophorbe amaricaulis and Dictyosperma album var. conjugatum); an additional seven taxa have wild populations of 100 or fewer. Although the historical phase of large-scale forest clearance has passed, the remaining palm populations in the Mascarenes are under threat from the effects of population fragmentation, invasive plants and animals, and high levels of seed predation that prevent natural regeneration. The advantages of in situ management for the recovery of these palm populations are discussed. Without a long-term conservation programme, utilising both in situ and ex situ management, extinction of wild populations will occur.

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Current status and conservation of the Endangered Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii, endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605310001134 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 145-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Chunlin Li ◽

Zhigang Jiang ◽

Xiaoge Ping ◽

Jing Cai ◽

Zhangqiang You ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tibetan Plateau ◽

Population Size ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Distance Sampling ◽

Current Status ◽

Qinghai Lake ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Domestic Livestock ◽

Procapra Przewalskii

AbstractIn 2008 Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii, endemic to the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, China, was recategorized from Critically Endangered to Endangered on the IUCN Red List. The species is still, however, threatened, and the human population and accompanying domestic livestock are increasing around Qinghai Lake. Here we provide up-to-date information on the distribution and population size of the species, evaluate its current conservation status and discuss the difficulties of protecting this gazelle species. We used both distance sampling and total counts to survey 16 sites where the species has been reported and found it at 13 of these, occupying a total area of c. 250 km2. Population size estimated from distance sampling (1,635) and total counts (1,544) was similar. About 20% of the gazelles located were in newly discovered areas for the species. The results indicate an overall growth in the population of Przewalski's gazelle since 2003, although some subpopulations have declined or been extirpated. In spite of conservation efforts Przewalski's gazelle is still threatened by habitat degradation and loss, habitat fragmentation, fencing, intensified competition with domestic livestock and predation. Further growth of this gazelle population is constrained by limited habitat availability and human–gazelle conflict. We recommend that management and conservation strategies need to incorporate comprehensive knowledge of the gazelle, long-term monitoring, and captive breeding of injured and orphaned gazelles to form a potential pool of individuals for future reintroductions to the historical range of the species outside the Qinghai Lake basin.

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Power Generation from Coal Gangue in China: Current Status and Development

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.443 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 443-446 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jiang Long Yu ◽

Fang Rui Meng ◽

Xian Chun Li ◽

Arash Tahmasebi

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Government Regulation ◽

Thermal Power ◽

Coal Gangue ◽

Current Status ◽

Particulate Matter Emission ◽

The Government ◽

Efficient Power ◽

Plant Efficiency

This paper provides an overview on the current status of power generation in China using coal gangue. The government regulation towards the use of coal gangue for power generation is introduced. Emission of pollutants and low thermal power plant efficiency are the two major problems for the power industry firing coal gangue. Particulate matter emission control is a problem due to the high ash content. Sulfur emissions from these units are easily controlled mostly through lime/limestone injection and in-situ capture. Overall, efficient power generation using coal gangue is a promising approach to reduce the use of coal resources and reduce the environmental impacts.

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Seabird conservation status, threats and priority actions: a global assessment

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270912000020 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 541

Author(s):

JOHN P. CROXALL ◽

STUART H. M. BUTCHART ◽

BEN LASCELLES ◽

ALISON J. STATTERSFIELD ◽

BEN SULLIVAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Protected Areas ◽

Prey Species ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Global Networks ◽

Breeding Sites ◽

Invasive Predators ◽

Effective Site

SummaryWe review the conservation status of, and threats to, all 346 species of seabirds, based on BirdLife International’s data and assessments for the 2010 IUCN Red List. We show that overall, seabirds are more threatened than other comparable groups of birds and that their status has deteriorated faster over recent decades. The principal current threats at sea are posed by commercial fisheries (through competition and mortality on fishing gear) and pollution, whereas on land, alien invasive predators, habitat degradation and human disturbance are the main threats. Direct exploitation remains a problem for some species both at sea and ashore. The priority actions needed involve: a) formal and effective site protection, especially for Important Bird Area (IBA) breeding sites and for marine IBA feeding and aggregation sites, as part of national, regional and global networks of Marine Protected Areas; b) removal of invasive, especially predatory, alien species (a list of priority sites is provided), as part of habitat and species recovery initiatives; and c) reduction of bycatch to negligible levels, as part of comprehensive implementation of ecosystem approaches to fisheries. The main knowledge gaps and research priorities relate to the three topics above but new work is needed on impacts of aquaculture, energy generation operations and climate change (especially effects on the distribution of prey species and rise in sea level). We summarise the relevant national and international jurisdictional responsibilities, especially in relation to endemic and globally threatened species.

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Current Status of Threatened Plant Collections in Cibodas Botanical Garden Based on IUCN Red List

Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea ◽

10.18330/jwallacea.2020.vol9iss1pp31-42 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Vandra Kurniawan ◽

Dwinda Mariska Putri ◽

Muhammad Imam Surya

Keyword(s):

Threatened Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Critically Endangered ◽

Current Status ◽

Main Task ◽

Threatened Plant ◽

Plant Collections

One of the main task of Cibodas Botanical Garden (CBG) is to conserve the Indonesian plants species. Moreover, the preservation and enrichment of threatened plant collections based on IUCN red list categories became an important programme for plants conservation in CBG. The aims of this study are to inventory threatened plant collections and to review the status of CBG threatened plant collections. List of threatened plant collections was gathered from SINDATA, a system developed by CBG. The collection, was reviewed by inspecting current collections in CBG. Literature study was done to review the conservation status of the threatened plant collections. The conservation status was checked in IUCN red list website. The results shown that CBG had collected 86 species of threatened plants, which is 13 Critically Endangered (CR) species, 39 Endangered (EN) species, and 34 Vulnerable (VU) species. Critically endangered category consists of 13 species belong to 8 families and 10 genus. Endangered category consists of 39 species belong to 17 families and 34 genus. Vulnerable category consists of 34 species belong to 27 families and 28 genus. The largest collections of threatened species was genus Nepenthes, which is 16% (14 species) from the total threatened species in CBG. Furthermore, CBG had succeeded in collecting 40 species of Indonesian native plants in which Dipterocarpaceae species were dominate the collection with 7 species. These species are listed as critically endangered (3 species) and endangered (4 species).

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Bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in Malaysian Borneo: status and threats

Journal of Threatened Taxa ◽

10.11609/jott.7287.13.11.19553-19565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 19553-19565

Author(s):

Abdulla-Al-Asif ◽

Hadi Hamli ◽

Abu Hena Mustafa Kamal ◽

Mohd Hanafi Idris ◽

Geoffery James Gerusu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Marine Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Future Research ◽

Bivalve Species ◽

Bivalve Molluscs ◽

Data Deficient ◽

Malaysian Borneo

Species checklists enlist the species existing within a distinct geographical biome and assist as an indispensable input for evolving conservation and administration strategies. The arenas of conservation ecology and biology face the challenge of exaggerated biodiversity, accredited to the non-recognition of taxonomic inconsistencies. The study’s goals are to organize all scattered taxonomic information regarding bivalve molluscs from Malaysian Borneo, i.e. Sarawak and Sabah, under one umbrella. Available literature regarding Malaysian Borneo was reviewed. The published taxonomic data on bivalve species, conservation status, inconsistencies, habitats (marine, fresh, and brackish), research aspects, threats, and conservation strategies are presented. A critical review of the checklists and distributional records of the class Bivalvia from Malaysian Borneo and subsequent validation of species names with the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) database revealed that currently 76 bivalve species from 12 orders and other entities, 18 superfamilies, and 27 families have been recorded from the area. Twenty-six inconsistencies with WoRMS were found, and the corrected names are presented. The study indicates most of the enlisted bivalve species have not been evaluated by the IUCN Red List authority and have ‘Least Concern’ or ‘Data Deficient’ status for Malaysian Borneo. To date, published documents on conservation decision strategies and guidelines for future research are not good enough. Nevertheless, potential threats and their remedies for bivalves in the enriched Malaysian Borneo ecosystems are discussed herein.

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Ethnomedicinal Importance of Rudraksha (Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.) K. Schum.), Related Species and their Conservation Strategies: A Review

Indian Journal of Forestry ◽

10.54207/bsmps1000-2015-4yj3w3 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Kumud Saklani ◽

P. Prasad ◽

Anant Nautiyal

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Present Review ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Threatened Plants ◽

Red Data Book ◽

Data Book ◽

Economic Use

The extensive use of Elaeocarpus species in Ayurveda or as ethnomedicinal plants and their economic use as timber plants, have resulted in most of them getting threatened and enlisted in the Red Data Book or the IUCN Red List of threatened plants. The present review focuses on the conservation status of important Elaeocarpus species of India in view of their medicinal importance and the efforts required, thereof, in future.

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THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF BATS (MAMMALIA: CHIROPTERA) IN CAT BA NATIONAL PARK, NORTHERN VIETNAM

10.18173/2354-1059.2020-0052 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (10) ◽

pp. 92-98

Author(s):

Thong Vu Dinh ◽

Southaphan Sichanh ◽

Nha Pham Van

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Northern Vietnam ◽

Literature Reviews ◽

Conservation Actions

Prior to the present study, literature reviews revealed that 31 species of bats belonging to six families and 14 genera were identified in Cat Ba National Park in Northern Vietnam However, the conservation status of many species remains unclear and is still subject to debate. Among the 31 species, 11 are common while the remainder have been rarely captured since 1942. At least two species, Hipposideros alongensis and H. khaokhouayensis, which are globally considered vulnerable, are very common in Cat Ba National Park. This paper provides an update on the current status of each species based on data from recent field surveys with reference to previous publications and the current IUCN Red List (iucnredlist.org). Results from the recent surveys included eight individuals provisionally identified as Myotis cf. pilosus. The taxonomic status of five species (Aselliscus dongbacanus, Hipposideros gentilis, Hipposideros grandis, Miniopterus magnater, Murina harrisoni) are updated following recent assessments. This information will inform future research and conservation actions.

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