scholarly journals Measurement of Flux at Sediment–Water Interface Using a Seepage Meter under Controlled Flow Conditions

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3071
Author(s):  
Changyong Lee ◽  
Wonbin Kim ◽  
Sung-Wook Jeen
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Actual Rate ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Influx Rate ◽  
Groundwater Flux ◽  
Seepage Meter ◽  
Controlled Flow

The accuracy of groundwater flux measurement using a seepage meter was evaluated through a series of laboratory experiments under controlled flow conditions. Simulated groundwater influx and outflux rates were measured using a seepage meter, and the results were compared with the known water flux rates in our controlled tank flow system. Differences induced by the use of two different types of collection bag (Types 1 and 2) were also evaluated. The slopes of the trend lines between the controlled influx rate and influx as measured by the seepage meter were 0.6669 (for Type 1 bag) and 0.8563 (for Type 2 bag), suggesting that the groundwater influx rate as measured by the seepage meter may be less than the actual rate. This may be due to the resistance of the collection bags and head loss induced at the tubing orifice. With respect to outflux measurement, the slopes of the trend line were 1.3534 (for Type 1 bags) and 1.4748 (for Type 2 bags), suggesting that the outflux rate as measured by the seepage meter may be more than the actual rate. The size and wall thickness of the collection bag used affected the measured flux rates. This study suggests that, as long as errors can be identified, seepage meters can be a reliable means of studying groundwater–surface water interactions.

Type 2 Diabetes Overtakes Type 1 in Hispanic Girls

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (15) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
SHERRY BOSCHERT
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes

Molecular analysis of FVIII gene in severe HA patients of Costa Rica

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S150-S152
Author(s):  
G. Jiménez-Cruz ◽  
M. Mendez ◽  
P. Chaverri ◽  
P. Alvarado ◽  
W. Schröder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Factor Viii Gene ◽  
Intron 22 Inversion ◽  
Intron 1 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Inversion Analysis

SummaryHaemophilia A (HA) is X-chromosome linked bleeding disorders caused by deficiency of the coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). It is caused by FVIII gene intron 22 inversion (Inv22) in approximately 45% and by intron 1 inversion (Inv1) in 5% of the patients. Both inversions occur as a result of intrachromosomal recombination between homologous regions, in intron 1 or 22 and their extragenic copy located telomeric to the FVIII gene. The aim of this study was to analyze the presence of these mutations in 25 HA Costa Rican families. Patients, methods: We studied 34 HA patients and 110 unrelated obligate members and possible carriers for the presence of Inv22or Inv1. Standard analyses of the factor VIII gene were used incl. Southern blot and long-range polymerase chain reaction for inversion analysis. Results: We found altered Inv22 restriction profiles in 21 patients and 37 carriers. It was found type 1 and type 2 of the inversion of Inv22. During the screening for Inv1 among the HA patient, who were Inv22 negative, we did not found this mutation. Discussion: Our data highlight the importance of the analysis of Inv22 for their association with development of inhibitors in the HA patients and we are continuous searching of Inv1 mutation. This knowledge represents a step for genetic counseling and prevention of the inhibitor development.

Polymorphisms of the Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor- 1 Gene in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes, and in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
M W Mansfield ◽  
M H Stickland ◽  
A M Carter ◽  
P J Grant
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Repeat Sequence ◽  
Dinucleotide Repeat ◽  
Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pai 1

SummaryTo identify whether genotype contributes to the difference in PAI-1 levels in type 1 and type 2 diabetic subjects and whether genotype relates to the development of retinopathy, a Hind III restriction fragment length polymorphism and two dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms were studied. In 519 Caucasian diabetic subjects (192 type 1, 327 type 2) and 123 Caucasian control subjects there were no differences in the frequency of the Hind III restriction alleles (type 1 vs type 2 vs control: allele 1 0.397 vs 0.420 vs 0.448; allele 2 0.603 vs 0.580 vs 0.552) nor in the allelic frequency at either dinucleotide repeat sequence. In 86 subjects with no retinopathy at 15 years or more from diagnosis of diabetes and 190 subjects with diabetic retinopathy there was no difference in the frequency of Hind III restriction alleles (retinopathy present vs retinopathy absent: allele 1 0.400 vs 0.467; allele 2 0.600 vs 0.533) nor in the allelic frequencies at either dinucleotide repeat sequence. The results indicate that there is no or minimal influence of the PAI-1 gene on either PAI-1 levels or the development of diabetic retinopathy in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Causes of diabetic ketoacidosis: type 1 diabetes versus type 2 diabetes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Omri ◽  
Rayene Ben Mohamed ◽  
Imen Rezgani ◽  
Sana Mhidhi ◽  
Aroua Temessek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
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