scholarly journals RESULTS OF EDUCATIONAL INITIATIVES OF COURT RENAISSANCE THINKERS IN THE CONNECTION OF THE PROBLEM OF EDUCATION OF THE “IDEAL RULER”

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
D. LOBODA
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Elite Education ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Mary Tudor ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
The Ideal

The article is devoted to the coverage of the results of pedagogical initiatives of Renaissance thinkers in the context of the problem of educating the “ideal ruler”. In addition to the theoretical development of the image of the “ideal ruler” and ideas for his upbringing, humanists had the opportunity to directly participate in the upbringing of children of nobles in the XIV – XVIth centuries. Thus, the article analyzes the best practices of elite education of the Late Middle Ages according to the author’s methods of court humanists. An important aspect of monitoring the effectiveness and reality of the measures taken by humanists to form the personality of the leader is the characterization of those historical personalities and their biographies with which they were in a “teacher-pupil” relationship. The article traces the results of the educational influences of Renaissance philosophers and educators through the study of the future fate of European authorities, through prosopographic and archontological special-historical methods of scientific knowledge. The imagological approach made it possible to assert that the experience gained by humanist educators in “nurturing statesmen from diapers” had both its achievements (for example, Philip IV the Beautiful and Sigismund Augustus) and its defeats (for example, Ferdinand of Aragon and Mary Tudor). The idea of educating the ruler with their practical Renaissance embodiment in a specific product – the formed personality of a statesman, is an important component of justifying the need to educate modern leaders.

scholarly journals Religious Poverty, Mendicancy, and Reform in the Late Middle Ages

2003 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Urban Spirituality ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Ideal

The idea and the ideal of religious poverty exerted a powerful force throughout the Middle Ages. “Take no gold, or silver, or copper in your belts, no bag for your journey, or two tunics, or sandals, or a staff,” Christ had commanded his apostles. He had sternly warned, “it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle, than for someone who is rich to enter into the kingdom of God.” And he had instructed one of the faithful, who had asked what he needed to do to live the most holy sort of life, “if you wish to be perfect, go, sell your possessions and give your money to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven.” Beginning with these biblical injunctions, voluntary poverty, the casting off of wealth and worldly goods for the sake of Christ, dominated much of medieval religious thought. The desire for a more perfect poverty impelled devout men and women to new heights of piety, while disgust with the material wealth of the church fueled reform movements and more radical heresies alike. Often, as so clearly illustrated by the case of the Spiritual Franciscans andfraticelliin the later thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, the lines separating devout believer from condemned heretic shifted and even reversed themselves entirely depending on how one understood the religious call to poverty. Moreover, the Christian ideal of poverty interacted powerfully with and helped to shape many major economic, social, and cultural trends in medieval Europe. As Lester Little demonstrated over two decades ago, for example, developing ideals of religious poverty were deeply intermeshed with the revitalizing European economy of the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries and did much to shape the emerging urban spirituality of that period.

THE VIRGIN MARY AS LADY GRAMMAR IN THE MEDIEVAL WEST

Traditio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 279-305
Author(s):  
GEORGIANA DONAVIN
Keyword(s):  
Early Literacy ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
Medieval Period ◽  
Chartres Cathedral ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Literacy Training

The Virgin Mary, as Mother of the Word, has long been associated with early literacy training in the medieval West, an association that, as this article argues, connects her to The Marriage of Philology and Mercury's Lady Grammar. While Gary P. Cestaro has demonstrated the ways in which representations of Lady Grammar became more maternal throughout the medieval period, this article demonstrates how and why the Virgin Mother took on the persona of Lady Grammar in both verbal and material arts from the High to the Late Middle Ages. It explores the famous sculptures of the Virgin and Lady Grammar on the Royal Portal at Chartres Cathedral, the writings of grammatical theorists that led to these depictions, and the thirteenth-century artes poetriae that portray Mary as a Christian Grammatica. From St. Augustine's declaration that grammar is a “guardian” to the claims of Gervais of Melkley, John of Garland, and Eberhard the German that Mary is the mother of beautiful expressions, grammatical thought and practice in the medieval West led to a characterization of the Virgin, guardian of the Word in her womb and parent to Wisdom, as the supreme teacher and exemplar of Latin. Adopting Lady Grammar's iconography of the nourishing breast, classroom text, and punitive whip, the Virgin Mary is not only connected to basic Latin instruction but also comes to embody its principles.

scholarly journals IDEOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF NATIONAL DETERMINED HISTORICISM ON THE EXAMPLE OF UKRAINIAN, POLISH AND RUSSIAN NARRATIVES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Frankiv R ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
National Narratives ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Ideal

This article explores the ideological and narrative foundations of various forms of architectural historicism, marked by the identities manifestation which emerged in the era of modern nations appearance. The difference between the concepts of the three national communities - Ukrainian, Polish and Russian and how these concepts were conveyed with the help of architectural stylistics is outlined. It is determined that in all three cases, the main source of style-creation was the idea of the Ideal Homeland, which in all three national narratives accounts for the late Middle Ages (XVI-XVII centuries.) Also is suggested the concept of evaluative delimitation of this kind of heritage, depending on the inherent symbolic ideals.

Introduction

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Viroli
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Stark Contrast ◽  
Historical Sketch ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
The Catholic Church

This introductory chapter provides a historical sketch of the emergence of Italian liberty. In the republics of the late Middle Ages, in the Risorgimento, and in the struggle against fascism, Italian liberty was the work of religious men and women. Many of them possessed a sincere Christian faith, often quite distant from or in stark contrast with the teaching of the Catholic Church; others did not believe in any revealed religion but instead were believers and apostles—sometimes martyrs—of a religion they called a “religion of duty” or “religion of liberty.” Both the former and the latter people, regardless of the theological content of their convictions, were religious because they lived their lives as a mission—that is, with devotion to the ideal of liberty.

scholarly journals Actualization of the Concept “Home” through Speculative Lexemes in the English Culture of the Late Middle Ages

2020 ◽  
pp. 299-308
Author(s):  
V.G. Pavlenko ◽  
O.S. Makarova ◽  
A.S. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
English Language ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
English Culture

The article deals with the study of the relevance of the concept “Home” as an integral part of the daily communication of English people during the Late Middle Ages. The purpose of the article is the etymological analysis of the concept and its nominee — “home” and “house”, as well as highlighting the key conceptual lexemes, which formed fixed combinations with the concept in the 14th and 15th centuries. In the study, the authors used descriptive and comparative-historical methods in a diachronic approach. According to A. Jucker’s theory of “Collective Characteristics of the Concept”, each historical period includes a set of concepts capable of revealing both the social structure and the linguistic norms of the culture studied. This confirms the practical significance of the study: by revealing one of the most significant concepts of medieval society, it is possible to immerse deeper into its customs and informal laws. The authors have examined the etymology of the concept on the basis of ancient English, ancient German and Gothic languages. Thanks to this, it is possible to establish the cultural and linguistic field of the concept. The concept “home’’ includes lexemes of figurative, conceptual and value aspects, but it is conceptual that allows, even with a severe lack of material, to observe the verbalization of the concept. By producing an analysis of “home” and “house” based on Oxford and Cambridge dictionaries, the modern meaning of words has been identified. Next, the lexemes applied to the concept in the 14th and 15th centuries, namely, nouns, verbs, and adjectives have been examined and the significance of the diachronic approach to the study of language concepts was confirmed. The study was supported by examples from A. Jucker’s medieval legal and artistic works — “The History of English language and English Historical Lin-guistics” and J. Firbas’ — “On Defining a Theme in Functional Analysis of Proposals”. The perspective of the study is to make a comparison between all concepts in the English culture of the Late Middle Ages and to fully disclose the social dynamics of this historical period.

The church in the West Highlands in the late middle ages

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
A. D. M. Barrell
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The West ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Church
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