scholarly journals Student 'voices' and course development: reading the signs on a distance course in educational technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Slaouti
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Course Development ◽  
Student Voices ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Formal Evaluation

Whether in face-to-face or distance mode, courses result not-simply from informed input and pedagogic planning from an academic team but, as Thorpe (1988: 120) maintains from 'a process of interaction between the learner and any materials, staff or facilities associated with the achievement of [those courses]'. This synergy suggests that learners have a pivotal role to play not only in revealing the short-term effectiveness of instructional design and teaching strategies but also in contributing to their long-term development. This is not disputed, as reflected in the place that formal evaluation tools have on most courses.DOI:10.1080/09687760108656776 

Offering undeclared workers financial help during Covid19 pandemic can bring them out of shadows into the declared economy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Undeclared Work

Purpose The authors wanted to examine why undeclared workers had not received financial assistance in Europe during the pandemic and find the best way to help them and bring them out of the shadows. Design/methodology/approach To identify those whose paid work is entirely undeclared, a Eurobarometer survey of undeclared work in Europe is reported conducted in September 2019, just prior to the pandemic, and involving 27,565 face-to-face interviews in 28 European countries. Findings The paid work of one in every 132 citizens in Europe comprises wholly of undeclared work and one in 28 work at least some of the time in the undeclared economy. These workers have received no support, but they are more likely to be financially vulnerable. A high percentage of undeclared workers are widowed, divorced and living in households with multiple persons. Originality/value The authors argue that short-term support for these individuals could not only help them to survive the pandemic financially, but also transform undeclared work into declared work with long-term benefits for individuals and the wider economy.

scholarly journals Increasing Brain Power beyond Imagination-Aligning Neuroscience and Social Psychology to Aid Prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Eddie John Paul Fisher ◽  
Yorkys Santana Gonzalez ◽  
Eddie Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Psychology Education ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Potential Benefits

Brain science and cognitive psychology are in high demand amongst professions such as social psychology, education and science. Advancing the capabilities of the human brain in terms of power to benefit society and improve people’s lives has become a topic of increasing value and interest to social psychologists. This research, limited to a literature review and a number of face to face interviews with psychology students to add some contemporary perspectives, investigated how increases in brain power could be achieved and what the potential benefits could be to social psychologists. Results suggest that short term brain power increases can be achieved through the application of low risk neurocognitive approaches such as brain training and by consuming natural brain foods and nutritional brain drugs. Infra-red laser stimulation of certain parts of the human brain not only increases cognitive brain power permanently but has the potential to reduce or eliminate brain diseases such as dementia and autism. Caution should be exercised to maintain the humanity element of what makes people human prior to engaging in long term brain power increase activities. 

Repetitive simulation is an effective instructional design within a pediatric resident simulation curriculum

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Selin Tuysuzoglu Sagalowsky ◽  
Kimball A Prentiss ◽  
Robert J Vinci
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
High Fidelity Simulation ◽  
Pediatric Resident ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Simulation Scenario ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionRepetitive paediatric simulation (scenario-debrief-scenario; RPS) is an instructional design that allows immediate application of learner-directed feedback, in contrast to standard simulation (scenario-debrief; STN). Our aim was to examine the impact of RPS embedded within a paediatric resident simulation curriculum, comparing it to STN.MethodsIn this prospective educational cohort study, paediatric residents were enrolled in STN (n=18) or RPS (n=15) groups from August 2012 through June 2013. Each group performed an initial high-fidelity simulation and another after 1–2 weeks. Attitudes, confidence and knowledge were assessed using anonymous surveys with each scenario and at 4–6 months. Skills were assessed in real time with a modified Tool for Resuscitation Assessment Using Computerised Simulation (TRACS). Two blinded reviewers assessed a subset of videotaped scenarios for TRACS inter-rater reliability.ResultsBoth STN and RPS designs were rated highly. The curriculum led to significant short-term and long-term improvements in confidence, knowledge and performance, with no significant differences between groups. All final respondents reported that they would prefer RPS to STN (n=6 STN, 4 RPS). TRACS intraclass correlation was 0.87 among all reviewers.ConclusionsPaediatric residents reported preference for RPS over STN, with comparable impacts on confidence, knowledge and performance. The modified TRACS was a reliable tool to assess individual resident performance. Further research is needed to determine whether RPS is a more effective instructional design for teaching resuscitation skills to paediatric residents.

Religion, Law and Politics: the “Trickle-Down” Effects of ECtHR Judgments on Turkey’s Headscarf Battles

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-168
Author(s):  
Haldun Gülalp
Keyword(s):  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Ideological Manipulation ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Trickle Down

Abstract Building on and extending Marc Galanter’s classic thesis on the “radiating effects” of courts, this paper proposes the concept of “trickle-down effects” in order to account for the complex ways in which court judgments may impact political processes, often taking place through the ideological manipulation of the judgments and leading to unintended and unforeseen consequences. The paper specifically examines the headscarf battles in Turkey and the pivotal role that the ECtHR judgments played in it. While the short-term legal impact was the confirmation of the ban on the use of headscarves, presumably supporting the principle of secularism, the long-term impact has been the exact opposite.

Long-term flowering patterns of melliferous Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) species

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie J. Birtchnell ◽  
Maria Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Research ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Field Guides ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Flowering Frequency ◽  
Flowering Periods ◽  
Term Data

The flowering patterns of 28 Victorian melliferous (honey-producing) eucalypts were investigated by using long-term observations of highly experienced, commercial apiarists. Frequency, timing, duration and intensity of flowering were determined, as were spatial differences within and among species. Data were obtained by face-to-face interviews with 25 Victorian apiarists, each of whom had operated a minimum of 350 hives for a minimum of 30 years. Flowering frequency ranged from 1 to 7 years, and most species flowered once every 2–4 years. Long-term flowering frequency, timing and duration were reported as constant, although short-term perturbations could occur. Most melliferous species flowered during spring and summer for a period of 3 months or more. Only few species had shorter flowering periods. Information provided by apiarists compared well with available published information (e.g. flowering period reported in field guides) and revealed a reliable, largely untapped source of long-term data, the use of which could benefit many ecological research endeavours.

scholarly journals Can Interviewer Evaluations Predict Short-Term and Long-Term Participation in Telephone Panels?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Oliver Lipps ◽  
Marieke Voorpostel
Keyword(s):  
Response Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Survey Nonresponse ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wave Response

AbstractInterviewers often assess after the interview the respondent’s ability and reluctance to participate. Prior research has shown that this evaluation is associated with next-wave response behavior in face-to-face surveys. Our study adds to this research by looking at this association in telephone surveys, where an interviewer typically has less information on which to base an assessment. We looked at next-wave participation, non-contact and refusal, as well as longer-term participation patterns. We found that interviewers were better able to anticipate refusal than non-contact relative to participation, especially in the next wave, but also in the longer term. Our findings confirm that interviewer evaluations – in particular of the respondent’s reluctance to participate – can help predict response at later waves, also after controlling for commonly used predictors of survey nonresponse. In addition to helping to predict nonresponse in the short term, interviewer evaluations provide useful information for a long-term perspective as well, which may be used to improve nonresponse adjustment and in responsive designs in longitudinal surveys.

Facing up to fund managers

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Coleman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Securities Markets ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Demand Curves ◽  
Finance Theory ◽  
First Interview

Purpose – The paper aims to describe the behind-the-scenes strategy and processes that fund managers use to make investment decisions. Design/methodology/approach – The research involved semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 34 fund managers in Istanbul, London, Melbourne and New York during 2012. Results describe their approach, and tie it back to theoretical explanations. Findings – Large investors make limited use of neoclassical finance theory. They believe that securities markets trend over the short term, mean revert over the long term, and have upward sloping demand curves. They rely on qualitative techniques, think of security prices rather than returns, acknowledge constraints by their employer and clients, are heavily socialised and see no limitation from using similar approaches to competitors. Originality/value – This is the first interview-based evaluation of global manager techniques since the market crash after 2008, and provides an innovative depiction of actual processes followed by institutional investors.

scholarly journals Time-dependent heterogeneity leads to transient suppression of COVID-19 epidemic, not herd immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei V. Tkachenko ◽  
Sergei Maslov ◽  
Ahmed Elbanna ◽  
George N. Wong ◽  
Zachary J. Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Fragile State ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Over Time

COVID-19 epidemic is characterized by the short-term overdispersion manifested in the phenomenon of super-spreading, whereby the majority of the transmission is driven by a minority of infected individuals. On the other hand, as demonstrated in this work, the eventual outcome of the epidemic is determined by the persistent heterogeneity of the population. While this long-term heterogeneity leads, e.g., to a reduction of the Herd Immunity Threshold (HIT), the overall progression of the epidemic is shaped by both persistent and short-term variations in individual susceptibilities and infectivities. We demonstrate how to incorporate persistent heterogeneity into a wide class of epidemiological models, and derive a non-linear dependence of the effective reproduction number Re on the susceptible population fraction S. This approach is further generalized to account for time variations in individual social activity. It is shown that the suppression of the early waves of the COVID-19 epidemic has been facilitated in some locations by Transient Collective Immunity (TCI). This is a fragile state that could be achieved below HIT, but would wane over time due to changing levels of individual social activity. Transient and long-term levels of heterogeneity are estimated by using empirical data from the COVID-19 epidemic as well as from real-life face-to-face contact networks. These results suggest that the hardest-hit areas, such as NYC, have achieved TCI following the first wave of the epidemic, but likely remain below the long-term HIT.Significance StatementBoth short-term overdispersion, associated, in particular, with superspreading events, and long-term persistent heterogeneity are shown to shape the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the latter is expected to reduce the Herd Immunity Thresh-old (HIT), a suppression of the first wave of the epidemic could be facilitated by a combination of both long- and short-term variations of social activity across the population. By developing the epidemic theory which accounts for heterogeneity and temporal effects, we demonstrate that the state of Transient Collective Immunity (TCI) emerges well below the HIT during early, high-paced stages of the epidemic. However, this is a fragile state that would wane over time due to changing levels of social activity. Analysis of the empirical data suggests that by the end of the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic, hardest-hit areas, such as NYC, have been close TCI, but likely below the long-term HIT.

scholarly journals Comparison of mHealth and Face-to-Face Interventions for Smoking Cessation Among People Living With HIV: Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olalekan A Uthman ◽  
Chidozie U Nduka ◽  
Mustapha Abba ◽  
Rocio Enriquez ◽  
Helena Nordenstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Living With Hiv

BACKGROUND The prevalence of smoking among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is higher than that reported in the general population, and it is a significant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases in this group. Mobile phone interventions to promote healthier behaviors (mobile health, mHealth) have the potential to reach a large number of people at a low cost. It has been hypothesized that mHealth interventions may not be as effective as face-to-face strategies in achieving smoking cessation, but there is no systematic evidence to support this, especially among PLHIV. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare two modes of intervention delivery (mHealth vs face-to-face) for smoking cessation among PLHIV. METHODS Literature on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating effects of mHealth or face-to-face intervention strategies on short-term (4 weeks to <6 months) and long-term (≥6 months) smoking abstinence among PLHIV was sought. We systematically reviewed relevant RCTs and conducted pairwise meta-analyses to estimate relative treatment effects of mHealth and face-to-face interventions using standard care as comparison. Given the absence of head-to-head trials comparing mHealth with face-to-face interventions, we performed adjusted indirect comparison meta-analyses to compare these interventions. RESULTS A total of 10 studies involving 1772 PLHIV met the inclusion criteria. The average age of the study population was 45 years, and women comprised about 37%. In the short term, mHealth-delivered interventions were significantly more efficacious in increasing smoking cessation than no intervention control (risk ratio, RR, 2.81, 95% CI 1.44-5.49; n=726) and face-to-face interventions (RR 2.31, 95% CI 1.13-4.72; n=726). In the short term, face-to-face interventions were no more effective than no intervention in increasing smoking cessation (RR 1.22, 95% CI 0.94-1.58; n=1144). In terms of achieving long-term results among PLHIV, there was no significant difference in the rates of smoking cessation between those who received mHealth-delivered interventions, face-to-face interventions, or no intervention. Trial sequential analysis showed that only 15.16% (726/1304) and 5.56% (632/11,364) of the required information sizes were accrued to accept or reject a 25% relative risk reduction for short- and long-term smoking cessation treatment effects. In addition, sequential monitoring boundaries were not crossed, indicating that the cumulative evidence may be unreliable and inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS Compared with face-to-face interventions, mHealth-delivered interventions can better increase smoking cessation rate in the short term. The evidence that mHealth increases smoking cessation rate in the short term is encouraging but not sufficient to allow a definitive conclusion presently. Future research should focus on strategies for sustaining smoking cessation treatment effects among PLHIV in the long term.

scholarly journals The Mediation Effect of Phobic Anxiety on the Treatment Outcome of Activity and Participation across Age: Comparison between Online and Face-to-Face Rehabilitation Aftercare of an RCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10919
Author(s):  
Lingling Gao ◽  
Alina Dahmen ◽  
Franziska Maria Keller ◽  
Petra Becker ◽  
Sonia Lippke
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Phobic Anxiety ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Long Term Treatment

The efficacy of internet and mobile-based interventions (IMIs) has been demonstrated with different mental health disorders, but little is known about the mediating effect of phobic anxiety on activity and participation and the differential effect of age. The current study tested a moderated mediation model with short-term change in phobic anxiety mediating between treatment (IMI vs. face-to-face, F2F) and long-term change in activity and participation, and age of patients moderating this mediation. Participants (N = 142) were recruited from psychosomatic rehabilitation clinics and randomized into the IMI psychosomatic aftercare or F2F psychosomatic aftercare. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted using R software. Results showed that the long-term treatment effects of activity and participation (βc = −0.18, p = 0.034; βc’ = −0.13, p = 0.145) were improved through the successful decrease of phobic anxiety (βa = −0.18, p = 0.047; βb = 0.37, p = 0.010). Older patients benefited equally from both IMI and F2F interventions regarding short-term treatment change in phobic anxiety, while younger participants benefited more from IMI (βAge*Treatment = 0.20, p = 0.004). IMIs targeting mental disorders can improve activity and participation along with phobic anxiety, especially in younger individuals. The needs of older patients should be considered with the development and improvement of IMIs.

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