scholarly journals Increasing Brain Power beyond Imagination-Aligning Neuroscience and Social Psychology to Aid Prevention

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Eddie John Paul Fisher ◽  
Yorkys Santana Gonzalez ◽  
Eddie Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Brain Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Psychology Education ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Potential Benefits

Brain science and cognitive psychology are in high demand amongst professions such as social psychology, education and science. Advancing the capabilities of the human brain in terms of power to benefit society and improve people’s lives has become a topic of increasing value and interest to social psychologists. This research, limited to a literature review and a number of face to face interviews with psychology students to add some contemporary perspectives, investigated how increases in brain power could be achieved and what the potential benefits could be to social psychologists. Results suggest that short term brain power increases can be achieved through the application of low risk neurocognitive approaches such as brain training and by consuming natural brain foods and nutritional brain drugs. Infra-red laser stimulation of certain parts of the human brain not only increases cognitive brain power permanently but has the potential to reduce or eliminate brain diseases such as dementia and autism. Caution should be exercised to maintain the humanity element of what makes people human prior to engaging in long term brain power increase activities. 

Offering undeclared workers financial help during Covid19 pandemic can bring them out of shadows into the declared economy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Financial Assistance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Undeclared Work

Purpose The authors wanted to examine why undeclared workers had not received financial assistance in Europe during the pandemic and find the best way to help them and bring them out of the shadows. Design/methodology/approach To identify those whose paid work is entirely undeclared, a Eurobarometer survey of undeclared work in Europe is reported conducted in September 2019, just prior to the pandemic, and involving 27,565 face-to-face interviews in 28 European countries. Findings The paid work of one in every 132 citizens in Europe comprises wholly of undeclared work and one in 28 work at least some of the time in the undeclared economy. These workers have received no support, but they are more likely to be financially vulnerable. A high percentage of undeclared workers are widowed, divorced and living in households with multiple persons. Originality/value The authors argue that short-term support for these individuals could not only help them to survive the pandemic financially, but also transform undeclared work into declared work with long-term benefits for individuals and the wider economy.

The Evolving Knowledge Cities

2014 ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ayub Khan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Potential Benefits

This chapter discusses the emerging models of knowledge cities in many countries of the world and the potential challenges posed by them for the existing as well as the future academic institutions of higher education (universities) in those countries in particular and in the in world in general. Specifically, this chapter is dedicated to the study of various issues and themes that concern the evolving knowledge cities such as the long-term and short-term objectives behind the establishment of knowledge cities and their potential benefits (i.e., social, economic, financial, environmental, and knowledge) for their societies. The chapter concludes that the development of knowledge cities are beneficial for all stakeholders including the academic institutions of higher education that directly or indirectly associated with such programs.

scholarly journals Student 'voices' and course development: reading the signs on a distance course in educational technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Slaouti
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Course Development ◽  
Student Voices ◽  
Evaluation Tools ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Formal Evaluation

Whether in face-to-face or distance mode, courses result not-simply from informed input and pedagogic planning from an academic team but, as Thorpe (1988: 120) maintains from 'a process of interaction between the learner and any materials, staff or facilities associated with the achievement of [those courses]'. This synergy suggests that learners have a pivotal role to play not only in revealing the short-term effectiveness of instructional design and teaching strategies but also in contributing to their long-term development. This is not disputed, as reflected in the place that formal evaluation tools have on most courses.DOI:10.1080/09687760108656776 

Long-term flowering patterns of melliferous Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) species

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie J. Birtchnell ◽  
Maria Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Research ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Field Guides ◽  
Spatial Differences ◽  
Flowering Frequency ◽  
Flowering Periods ◽  
Term Data

The flowering patterns of 28 Victorian melliferous (honey-producing) eucalypts were investigated by using long-term observations of highly experienced, commercial apiarists. Frequency, timing, duration and intensity of flowering were determined, as were spatial differences within and among species. Data were obtained by face-to-face interviews with 25 Victorian apiarists, each of whom had operated a minimum of 350 hives for a minimum of 30 years. Flowering frequency ranged from 1 to 7 years, and most species flowered once every 2–4 years. Long-term flowering frequency, timing and duration were reported as constant, although short-term perturbations could occur. Most melliferous species flowered during spring and summer for a period of 3 months or more. Only few species had shorter flowering periods. Information provided by apiarists compared well with available published information (e.g. flowering period reported in field guides) and revealed a reliable, largely untapped source of long-term data, the use of which could benefit many ecological research endeavours.

scholarly journals Can Interviewer Evaluations Predict Short-Term and Long-Term Participation in Telephone Panels?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Oliver Lipps ◽  
Marieke Voorpostel
Keyword(s):  
Response Behavior ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Survey Nonresponse ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Wave Response

AbstractInterviewers often assess after the interview the respondent’s ability and reluctance to participate. Prior research has shown that this evaluation is associated with next-wave response behavior in face-to-face surveys. Our study adds to this research by looking at this association in telephone surveys, where an interviewer typically has less information on which to base an assessment. We looked at next-wave participation, non-contact and refusal, as well as longer-term participation patterns. We found that interviewers were better able to anticipate refusal than non-contact relative to participation, especially in the next wave, but also in the longer term. Our findings confirm that interviewer evaluations – in particular of the respondent’s reluctance to participate – can help predict response at later waves, also after controlling for commonly used predictors of survey nonresponse. In addition to helping to predict nonresponse in the short term, interviewer evaluations provide useful information for a long-term perspective as well, which may be used to improve nonresponse adjustment and in responsive designs in longitudinal surveys.

Learning from Video Games (and Everything Else)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Gentile ◽  
J. Ronald Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Transfer Of Learning ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Applied Social Psychology ◽  
General Learning Model

Video games can have many effects on players, some of which could be intentional effects (e.g., games designed to train health compliance behaviors), and most of which are unintentional (e.g., violent games, stereotypes, gaming disorder). Some of these areas of research have been seen as controversial, but many of the controversies can be at least partially resolved by considering the learning mechanisms underlying the effects. We describe the General Learning Model in greater detail than has been provided elsewhere, including short-term and long-term mechanisms, processes of learning and forgetting, and moderators of learning. Video games use many of the best practices to train for both mastery and for transfer of learning. The implications for re-interpreting the literature on violent video games and gaming disorder, as well as for applied social psychology broadly defined, are discussed.

Short term vs. long term test–retest reproducibility of 123 I-ADAM for the binding of serotonin transporters in the human brain

2011 ◽  
Vol 194 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Wei Hsu ◽  
Shyh-Jen Wang ◽  
Chun-Lung Lin ◽  
Wen-Chi Hsieh ◽  
Jiing-Feng Lirng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serotonin Transporters

scholarly journals Recall of advertisements after various lapses of time

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Laming
Keyword(s):  
Test Sequence ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Empirical Relationships ◽  
Relevant Variable ◽  
Brain Science ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Previous Error

Abstract The recall of 90 magazine advertisements, consisting of a Brand, a Picture and a Slogan, was tested by presenting one of these components as cue and asking for the other two. The advertisements were tested in groups of ten, each group requiring a sequence of 30 test trials (10 advertisements × 3 cues). Backwards analysis of the sequences of responses—that is, starting with the last trial and comparing it successively with the responses on earlier trials—identified many responses as repetitions of previous errors, replicating many of the findings in Laming, D. On the recall of errors in recall. JSMC Brain Science, 2019, 3: 21, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333448328_On_The_Recall_Of_Errors_In_Recall. Nine different groups of advertisements were tested after various lapses of time up to 4 months. A comparison is made between the (short term) probability of repeating a previous error as a function of lag within a single test sequence and the (longer term) probability of retrieving an advertisement as a function of elapsed time. Both these empirical relationships can be characterised by reciprocal functions, but they are otherwise quite different. Extrapolation of long-term accessibility to short intervals suggests recall in the short term could be much better than it is; extrapolation of short-term accessibility to longer intervals poses the contrary problem. Even though the only relevant variable in this comparison appears to be lapse of time, there is a question whether this comparison between short and long term is truly like with like.

Facing up to fund managers

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Coleman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Securities Markets ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Fund Managers ◽  
Demand Curves ◽  
Finance Theory ◽  
First Interview

Purpose – The paper aims to describe the behind-the-scenes strategy and processes that fund managers use to make investment decisions. Design/methodology/approach – The research involved semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 34 fund managers in Istanbul, London, Melbourne and New York during 2012. Results describe their approach, and tie it back to theoretical explanations. Findings – Large investors make limited use of neoclassical finance theory. They believe that securities markets trend over the short term, mean revert over the long term, and have upward sloping demand curves. They rely on qualitative techniques, think of security prices rather than returns, acknowledge constraints by their employer and clients, are heavily socialised and see no limitation from using similar approaches to competitors. Originality/value – This is the first interview-based evaluation of global manager techniques since the market crash after 2008, and provides an innovative depiction of actual processes followed by institutional investors.

scholarly journals Time-dependent heterogeneity leads to transient suppression of COVID-19 epidemic, not herd immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei V. Tkachenko ◽  
Sergei Maslov ◽  
Ahmed Elbanna ◽  
George N. Wong ◽  
Zachary J. Weiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
Fragile State ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Over Time

COVID-19 epidemic is characterized by the short-term overdispersion manifested in the phenomenon of super-spreading, whereby the majority of the transmission is driven by a minority of infected individuals. On the other hand, as demonstrated in this work, the eventual outcome of the epidemic is determined by the persistent heterogeneity of the population. While this long-term heterogeneity leads, e.g., to a reduction of the Herd Immunity Threshold (HIT), the overall progression of the epidemic is shaped by both persistent and short-term variations in individual susceptibilities and infectivities. We demonstrate how to incorporate persistent heterogeneity into a wide class of epidemiological models, and derive a non-linear dependence of the effective reproduction number Re on the susceptible population fraction S. This approach is further generalized to account for time variations in individual social activity. It is shown that the suppression of the early waves of the COVID-19 epidemic has been facilitated in some locations by Transient Collective Immunity (TCI). This is a fragile state that could be achieved below HIT, but would wane over time due to changing levels of individual social activity. Transient and long-term levels of heterogeneity are estimated by using empirical data from the COVID-19 epidemic as well as from real-life face-to-face contact networks. These results suggest that the hardest-hit areas, such as NYC, have achieved TCI following the first wave of the epidemic, but likely remain below the long-term HIT.Significance StatementBoth short-term overdispersion, associated, in particular, with superspreading events, and long-term persistent heterogeneity are shown to shape the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the latter is expected to reduce the Herd Immunity Thresh-old (HIT), a suppression of the first wave of the epidemic could be facilitated by a combination of both long- and short-term variations of social activity across the population. By developing the epidemic theory which accounts for heterogeneity and temporal effects, we demonstrate that the state of Transient Collective Immunity (TCI) emerges well below the HIT during early, high-paced stages of the epidemic. However, this is a fragile state that would wane over time due to changing levels of social activity. Analysis of the empirical data suggests that by the end of the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic, hardest-hit areas, such as NYC, have been close TCI, but likely below the long-term HIT.

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