Terminology and designation of the profile shape of woodworking saw teeth

1983 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Profile Shape

scholarly journals Kinematic Prediction and Experimental Demonstration of Conditioning Process for Controlling the Profile Shape of a Chemical Mechanical Polishing Pad

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 4358
Author(s):  
Hanchul Cho ◽  
Taekyung Lee ◽  
Doyeon Kim ◽  
Hyoungjae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Shape Error ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
Conditioning Process ◽  
Polishing Pad ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Diamond Conditioner ◽  
Pad Conditioning ◽  
Good Agreement

The uniformity of the wafer in a chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process is vital to the ultra-fine and high integration of semiconductor structures. In particular, the uniformity of the polishing pad corresponding to the tool directly affects the polishing uniformity and wafer shape. In this study, the profile shape of a CMP pad was predicted through a kinematic simulation based on the trajectory density of the diamond abrasives of the diamond conditioner disc. The kinematic prediction was found to be in good agreement with the experimentally measured pad profile shape. Based on this, the shape error of the pad could be maintained within 10 μm even after performing the pad conditioning process for more than 2 h, through the overhang of the conditioner.

Study on the PDC Bit Optimization Design Based on Rotary Steering Drilling

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1874-1878
Author(s):  
Guang Ming Han
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Design ◽  
Parameter Adjustment ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Drilling Parameter ◽  
Drilling System ◽  
Gauge Structure ◽  
Design Result

According to a series of characteristics produced from the side cutting in the rotary steering drilling system, PDC bit is improved from the profile shape, cutting structure, and gauge structure. Also, suggestions are proposed according to the drilling parameters of operation. The study result shows that the requirements of the rotary steering drilling system can be fulfilled by PDC bit design result and drilling parameter adjustment.

scholarly journals Investigation of NO<sub>2</sub> vertical distribution using two DOAS retrievals for GOME-2A measurements in the UV and vis spectral range

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa K. Behrens ◽  
Andreas Hilboll ◽  
Andreas Richter ◽  
Enno Peters ◽  
Henk Eskes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Spectral Range ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
Spectral Ranges

Abstract. In this study, we present a novel NO2 DOAS retrieval in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral range for satellite observations from the Global Ozone Monitoring Instrument 2 on board EUMETSAT’s MetOp-A (GOME-2A) satellite. We compare the results to those from an established NO2 retrieval in the visible (vis) spectral range from the same instrument and infer information about the NO2 vertical profile shape in the troposphere. As expected, radiative transfer calculations for satellite geometries show that the sensitivity close to the ground is higher in the vis than in the UV spectral range. Consequently, NO2 slant column densities (SCDs) in the vis are usually higher than in the UV, if the NO2 is close to the surface. Therefore, these differences in NO2 SCDs between the two spectral ranges contain information on the vertical distribution of NO2 in the troposphere. We combine these results with radiative transfer calculations and simulated NO2 fields from the TM5 chemistry transport model to evaluate the simulated NO2 vertical distribution. We investigate regions representative for both anthropogenic and biomass burning NO2 pollution. Anthropogenic air pollution is mostly located in the boundary layer close to the surface, which is reflected by the large differences between UV and vis SCDs of ~ 60 %. Biomass burning NO2 in contrast is often uplifted into elevated layers above the boundary layer. This is best seen in tropical Africa south of the equator, where the biomass burning NO2 is well observed in the UV, and the difference between the two spectral ranges is only ~ 36 %. In tropical Africa north of the equator, however, the biomass burning NO2 is located closer to the ground, reducing its visibility. While not enabling a full retrieval of the vertical NO2 profile shape in the troposphere, our results can help to constrain the vertical profile of NO2 in the lower troposphere and, when analyzed together with simulated NO2 fields, can help interpret the model output.

Study of the Wheel of Abrasive Belt Based on Forming Polishing Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 619 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Ke Wang ◽  
Zheng Qing Zhao ◽  
Xing Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
Abrasive Belt ◽  
Nc Program ◽  
Line Equation ◽  
Spiral Surfaces ◽  
Shape Curve ◽  
Spiral Surface ◽  
Basic Motion

The wheel of abrasive belt is a special-shaped coated abrasive which has the advantage of good polishing quality, long life, and high efficiency, low cost and so on. Base on the features of the wheel of abrasive belt, through analyzing the basic motion relation of forming polishing spiral surface screw, the wheel of abrasive belt’s profile shape curve could be calculated by establishing the contact line equation of screw spiral surfaces with the wheel of abrasive belt rotating surfaces. Software to verify the correctness of the profile shape calculated, and in accordance with the wheel of abrasive belt profile shape curve to programming NC program. Start with the dressing experiments of the wheel of abrasive belt. Through analysis and research to get the wheel of abrasive belt’s profile shape curve meet the forming polishing standard.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Laser Surface Transformation Hardening of 4340 Steel Spur Gears

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borki ◽  
El Ouafi ◽  
Chebak
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Laser Power ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Depth Variation ◽  
Profile Shape ◽  
4340 Steel ◽  
Surface Transformation

This paper presents an experimental investigation of laser surface transformation hardening (LSTH) of 4340 steel spur gears using regression analysis. The experimental work is focused on the effects of various LSTH parameters on the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth variation. The investigations are based on a structured design of experiments and improved statistical analysis tools. The experimentations are carried out on AISI 4340 steel spur gears using a commercial 3 kW Nd:YAG laser system. Laser power, scanning speed, and rotation speed are used as process parameters to evaluate the variation of the hardened depth and to identify the possible relationship between the process parameters and the hardened zone physical and geometrical characteristics. Based on the experimental data and analysis of variance, the direct and interactive contributions of the process parameters on the variation of the hardness profile shape and the hardened depth are analyzed. The main effects and the interaction effects are also evaluated. The results reveal that all the process parameters are relevant. The cumulative contribution of the three parameters in the hardened depth variation represents more than 80% with a clear predominance of laser power. The contribution of the interactions between the parameters represents 12% to 16%. The resulting hardness values are relatively similar for all the experimental tests with about 60 HRC. The evaluation of the produced regression models for hardened depth prediction shows limited performance suggesting that the predictive modeling process can be improved.

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