Faculty Opinions recommendation of Particle assembly and ultrastructural features associated with replication of the lytic archaeal virus sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus.

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Enquist
Keyword(s):  
Archaeal Virus ◽  
Particle Assembly ◽  
Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

scholarly journals The Architecture and Chemical Stability of the Archaeal Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (18) ◽  
pp. 9575-9583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Khayat ◽  
Chi-yu Fu ◽  
Alice C. Ortmann ◽  
Mark J. Young ◽  
John E. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Major Capsid Protein ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Archaeal Virus ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Capsid Shell ◽  
Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT Viruses utilize a diverse array of mechanisms to deliver their genomes into hosts. While great strides have been made in understanding the genome delivery of eukaryotic and prokaryotic viruses, little is known about archaeal virus genome delivery and the associated particle changes. The Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus (STIV) is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) archaeal virus that contains a host-derived membrane sandwiched between the genome and the proteinaceous capsid shell. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and different biochemical treatments, we identified three viral morphologies that may correspond to biochemical disassembly states of STIV. One of these morphologies was subtly different from the previously published 27-Å-resolution electron density that was interpreted with the crystal structure of the major capsid protein (MCP). However, these particles could be analyzed at 12.5-Å resolution by cryo-EM. Comparing these two structures, we identified the location of multiple proteins forming the large turret-like appendages at the icosahedral vertices, observed heterogeneous glycosylation of the capsid shell, and identified mobile MCP C-terminal arms responsible for tethering and releasing the underlying viral membrane to and from the capsid shell. Collectively, our studies allow us to propose a fusogenic mechanism of genome delivery by STIV, in which the dismantled capsid shell allows for the fusion of the viral and host membranes and the internalization of the viral genome.

scholarly journals Development of a genetic system for the archaeal virus Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus (STIV)

Virology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 415 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fulton Wirth ◽  
Jamie C. Snyder ◽  
Rebecca A. Hochstein ◽  
Alice C. Ortmann ◽  
Deborah A. Willits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic System ◽  
Archaeal Virus ◽  
Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

scholarly journals Particle Assembly and Ultrastructural Features Associated with Replication of the Lytic Archaeal Virus Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 5964-5970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K. Brumfield ◽  
Alice C. Ortmann ◽  
Vincent Ruigrok ◽  
Peter Suci ◽  
Trevor Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Progeny Virus ◽  
Particle Assembly ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Archaeal Viruses ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

ABSTRACT Little is known about the replication cycle of archaeal viruses. We have investigated the ultrastructural changes of Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 associated with infection by Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus (STIV). A time course of a near synchronous STIV infection was analyzed using both scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Assembly of STIV particles, including particles lacking DNA, was observed within cells, and fully assembled STIV particles were visible by 30 h postinfection (hpi). STIV was determined to be a lytic virus, causing cell disruption beginning at 30 hpi. Prior to cell lysis, virus infection resulted in the formation of pyramid-like projections from the cell surface. These projections, which have not been documented in any other host-virus system, appeared to be caused by the protrusion of the cell membrane beyond the bordering S-layer. These structures are thought to be sites at which progeny virus particles are released from infected cells. Based on these observations of lysis, a plaque assay was developed for STIV. From these studies we propose an overall assembly model for STIV.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Infection of the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus with Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (13) ◽  
pp. 6784-6784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice C. Ortmann ◽  
Susan K. Brumfield ◽  
Jasper Walther ◽  
Kathleen McInnerney ◽  
Stan J. J. Brouns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Sulfolobus Solfataricus ◽  
Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

Genetics, biochemistry and structure of the archaeal virus STIV

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fulton ◽  
Brian Bothner ◽  
Martin Lawrence ◽  
John E. Johnson ◽  
Trevor Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
Archaeal Virus ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Replication Strategy ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sulfolobus Turreted Icosahedral Virus

STIV (Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus) has been the subject of detailed structural, genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and biochemical studies. STIV arguably has been investigated in more detail than any other archaeal virus. As a result, we know more about STIV than other viruses infecting members of the Archaea domain. Like most viruses isolated from crenarchaeal hosts, STIV has little in common with viruses that infect eukaryotic and bacterial hosts and should be considered the founding member of a new virus family. However, despite this lack of obvious homology with other viruses, STIV has components of gene content, replication strategy and particle structure reminiscent of viruses of the Eukarya and Bacteria domains, suggesting an evolutionary relationship between viruses from all domains of life. The present mini-review describes the current knowledge of this virus and insights it has given us into viral and cellular evolution, as well as newly developed tools for the further study of STIV–host interactions.

scholarly journals Familial Relationships in Hyperthermo- and Acidophilic Archaeal Viruses

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 4747-4754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Johanna Happonen ◽  
Peter Redder ◽  
Xu Peng ◽  
Laila Johanne Reigstad ◽  
David Prangishvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Organization ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Archaeal Virus ◽  
Archaeal Viruses ◽  
Icosahedral Virus ◽  
Host Cell Interactions

ABSTRACT Archaea often live in extreme, harsh environments such as acidic hot springs and hypersaline waters. To date, only two icosahedrally symmetric, membrane-containing archaeal viruses, SH1 and Sulfolobus turreted icosahedral virus (STIV), have been described in detail. We report the sequence and three-dimensional structure of a third such virus isolated from a hyperthermoacidophilic crenarchaeon, Sulfolobus strain G4ST-2. Characterization of this new isolate revealed it to be similar to STIV on the levels of genome and structural organization. The genome organization indicates that these two viruses have diverged from a common ancestor. Interestingly, the prominent surface turrets of the two viruses are strikingly different. By sequencing and mass spectrometry, we mapped several large insertions and deletions in the known structural proteins that could account for these differences and showed that both viruses can infect the same host. A combination of genomic and proteomic analyses revealed important new insights into the structural organization of these viruses and added to our limited knowledge of archaeal virus life cycles and host-cell interactions.

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