Faculty Opinions recommendation of The effects of nitric oxide on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm growth and its implications in chronic rhinosinusitis.

Corynebacterium accolens is the predominant species of the healthy human nasal microbiota, and its relative abundance is decreased in the context of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of C. accolens isolated from a healthy human nasal cavity against planktonic and biofilm growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates (CIs) from CRS patients. Nasal swabs from twenty non-CRS control subjects were screened for the presence of C. accolens using microbiological and molecular techniques. C. accolens CIs and their culture supernatants were tested for their antimicrobial activity against eight S. aureus and eight MRSA 4CIs and S. aureus ATCC25923. The anti-biofilm potential of C. accolens cell-free culture supernatants (CFCSs) on S. aureus biofilms was also assessed. Of the 20 nasal swabs, 10 C. accolens CIs were identified and confirmed with rpoB gene sequencing. All isolates showed variable antimicrobial activity against eight out of 8 S. aureus and seven out of eight MRSA CIs. Culture supernatants from all C. accolens CIs exhibited a significant dose-dependent antibacterial activity (p < 0.05) against five out of five representative S. aureus and MRSA CIs. This inhibition was abolished after proteinase K treatment. C. accolens supernatants induced a significant reduction in metabolic activity and biofilm biomass of S. aureus and MRSA CIs compared to untreated growth control (p < 0.05). C. accolens exhibited antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and MRSA CIs in both planktonic and biofilm forms and holds promise for the development of innovative probiotic therapies to promote sinus health.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of A nitric oxide-inducible lactate dehydrogenase enables Staphylococcus aureus to resist innate immunity.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1104583.560636 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Russ Hille

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Innate Immunity ◽

Lactate Dehydrogenase

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Liposome-encapsulated ISMN: a novel nitric oxide-based therapeutic agent against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718321319.793510318 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

John Lee ◽

Jonathan Yip

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Therapeutic Agent

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Arginase Isoform Expression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8111809 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1809 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Diana Vlad ◽

Silviu Albu

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Control Group ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Endoscopic View ◽

Important Regulator ◽

Arginase I

Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as an important regulator of upper airway inflammation, mainly as part of the local naso-sinusal defense mechanisms. Increased arginase activity can reduce NO levels by decreasing the availability of its precursor, L-arginine. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has been associated with low levels of nasal nitric oxide (nNO). Thus, the present study investigates the activity of arginase I (ARG1) and II (ARG2) in CRS and its possible involvement in the pathogenesis of this disease. Under endoscopic view, tissue samples of pathologic (n = 36) and normal (n = 29) rhinosinusal mucosa were collected. Arginase I and II mRNA levels were measured using real-time PCR. Our results showed low arginase I activity in all samples. The levels of ARG2 were significantly higher in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis compared to the control group (fold regulation (FR) 2.22 ± 0.42 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.016). Increased ARG2 expression was found in patients with CRS without nasal polyposis (FR 3.14 ± 1.16 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.0175), in non-allergic CRS (FR 2.55 ± 0.52 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.005), and non-asthmatic CRS (FR 2.42 ± 0.57 vs. 1.31 ± 0.21, p = 0.028). These findings suggest that the upregulation of ARG2 may play a role in the pathology of a distinctive phenotype of CRS.

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Rectal Staphylococcus aureus Carriage and Recurrence After Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: A Prospective Cohort Study

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/01455613211019716 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 014556132110197

Author(s):

Yue Peng ◽

Zhao Liu ◽

Zhijian Yu ◽

Aiwu Lu ◽

Tao Zhang

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Regression Model ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Nasal Polyps ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Multivariate Regression Model

Objective: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) remains a major challenge due to its high recurrence rate after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). We aimed to investigate the risk factors of recurrence among patients who underwent ESS for Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Methods: Prospective cohort study including 391 cases in a single institution receiving ESS were included for analysis from 2014 and 2017. Baseline characteristics including rectal Staphylococcus aureus ( S aureus) carriage in patients receiving ESS for CRSwNPs. The primary outcome was the recurrence of CRSwNPs. Multivariate regression model was established to identify independently predictive factors for recurrence. Results: Overall, 142 (36.3%) cases with recurrence within 2 years after ESS were observed in this study. After variable selection, multivariate regression model consisted of 4 variables including asthma (odds ratio [OR] = 3.41; P < .001), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug allergy (OR = 2.27; P = .005), previous ESS (OR = 3.64; P < .001), and preoperative carriage of S aureus in rectum (OR = 2.34; P = .001). Conclusions: Based on our results, surgeons could predict certain groups of patients who are at high risk for recurrence after ESS. Rectal carriage of S aureus is more statistically related to the recurrence of CRSwNP after ESS compared with skin and nasal carriage.

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