Faculty Opinions recommendation of FXR is a molecular target for the effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy.

Author(s):  
Randy Nelson ◽  
Zachary Weil
Nature ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 509 (7499) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen K. Ryan ◽  
Valentina Tremaroli ◽  
Christoffer Clemmensen ◽  
Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary ◽  
Andriy Myronovych ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. S212-S213
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Paolino ◽  
Sajani Shah ◽  
Wesley Vosburg ◽  
Julie Kim ◽  
Adam Blau ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Redin A. Spann ◽  
William J. Lawson ◽  
Gene L. Bidwell ◽  
C. Austin Zamarripa ◽  
Rodrigo O. Maranon ◽  
...  

Bariatric surgery is increasingly employed to improve fertility and reduce obesity-related co-morbidities in obese women. Surgical weight loss not only improves the chance of conception but reduces the risk of pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and macrosomia. However, bariatric procedures increase the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), fetal demise, thromboembolism, and other gestational disorders. Using our rodent model of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), we tested the hypothesis that VSG in diet-induced, obese dams would cause immune and placental structural abnormalities that may be responsible for fetal demise during pregnancy. VSG dams studied on gestational day (G) 19 had reduced circulating T-cell (CD3+ and CD8+) populations compared with lean or obese controls. Further, local interleukin (IL) 1β and IL 1 receptor antagonist (il1rn) cmRNA were increased in placenta of VSG dams. Placental barrier function was also affected, with increased transplacental permeability to small molecules, increased matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression, and increased apoptosis in VSG. Furthermore, we identified increased placental mTOR signaling that may contribute to preserving the body weight of the fetuses during gestation. These changes occurred in the absence of a macronutrient deficit or gestational hypertension in the VSG dams. In summary, previous VSG in dams may contribute to fetal demise by affecting maternal immune system activity and compromise placental integrity.


2011 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 950-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam P. Chambers ◽  
Lene Jessen ◽  
Karen K. Ryan ◽  
Stephanie Sisley ◽  
Hilary E. Wilson–Pérez ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
William C Dungan ◽  
Michael R Garrett ◽  
Bradley A. Welch ◽  
William J Lawson ◽  
Alexandra R Himel ◽  
...  

Background. Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a surgical weight loss procedure that resects 80% of the stomach, creating a tube linking the esophagus to the duodenum. Because of the efficacy and relative simplicity of VSG, it is preferred in the U.S with VSG currently at >61% of bariatric surgeries performed. Surprisingly, there has never been a complete molecular characterization of the human stomach fundus and corpus. Here we compare and contrast the molecular make-up of these regions. Methods. We performed a prospective study to obtain gastric tissue samples from patients undergoing VSG. Paired fundus and corpus samples were obtained Whole genome transcriptome analysis was performed by RNA sequencing, with key findings validated by qPCR. Results. Participants were primarily female (95.8%) and white (79.15%). Mean BMI, body weight, and age were 46.1 kg/m2, 121.6 kg, and 43.29 years, respectively. Overall, 432 gene transcripts were significantly different between the fundus and corpus (p<0.05). A significant correlation was found between the RNAseq data set and qPCR validation, demonstrating robust gene expression differences. Significant genes included: progastricsin, acid chitinase, gastokine 1 and 2 in both fundus and corpus. Of the very highly expressed genes in both regions, 87% were present in both the stomach's fundus and corpus, indicating substantial overlap. Conclusions. Despite significant overlap in the greater curvature gene signature, regional differences exist. Given that the mechanism of VSG is partly unresolved, the potential that the resected tissue may express genes that influence long-term body weight regulation is unknown and could influence VSG outcomes.


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