Faculty Opinions recommendation of Pooled results from 5 validation studies of dietary self-report instruments using recovery biomarkers for energy and protein intake.

Author(s):  
Pagona Lagiou
2014 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence S. Freedman ◽  
John M. Commins ◽  
James E. Moler ◽  
Lenore Arab ◽  
David J. Baer ◽  
...  

Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Jort Veen ◽  
Diego Montiel-Rojas ◽  
Fawzi Kadi ◽  
Andreas Nilsson

The role of daily time spent sedentary and in different intensities of physical activity (PA) for the maintenance of muscle health currently remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of reallocating time spent in different PA intensities on sarcopenia risk in older adults, while considering PA type (muscle strengthening activities, MSA) and protein intake. In a sample of 235 community-dwelling older adults (65–70 years), a sarcopenia risk score (SRS) was created based on muscle mass assessed by bioimpedance, together with handgrip strength and performance on the five times sit-to-stand (5-STS) test assessed by standardized procedures. Time spent in light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and being sedentary was assessed by accelerometry, and PA type (MSA) by self-report. Linear regression models based on isotemporal substitution were employed. Reallocating sedentary time to at least LPA was significantly (p < 0.05) related to a lower SRS, which remained evident after adjustment by PA type (MSA) and protein intake. Similarly, reallocating time in LPA by MVPA was related to a significantly (p < 0.05) lower SRS. Our results emphasize the importance of displacing sedentary behaviours for more active pursuits, where PA of even light intensities may alleviate age-related deteriorations of muscle health in older adults.


1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Stoudenmire ◽  
Debra Batman ◽  
Michael Pavlov ◽  
Al Temple

A Holistic Living Inventory which yields scores on four dimensions of holistic living, physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual functioning, is described. The inventory has 20 self-report items for each dimension. It can be used with adults and suggests optimal functioning in each area. Validation studies for each dimension are described.


2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-518
Author(s):  
Deák Anita

Affektív idegtudományi személyiségskálák (ANPS) Áttekintő tanulmányunkban a személyiségvonások érzelmi alapjaival foglalkozunk affektív idegtudományi megközelítésben. Összefoglaljuk azokat a kutatási eredményeket, amelyek a kéreg alatti agyi struktúrákhoz köthető elsődleges érzelmi rendszerek mérésével kapcsolatban születtek. Az Affektív idegtudományi személyiség skálák (Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales – ANPS) hat (+1) érzelmi vonás mérésére szolgálnak (FÉLELEM , HARAG, SZOMORÚSÁG, JÁTÉKOSSÁG, KERESÉS, GONDOSKODÁS, Spiritualitás). Módszer: Tanulmányunk alapját 65, 2003–2019 között publikált empirikus kutatás adja. Ezek mind-egyikében adatgyűjtés történt az ANPS kérdőívvel. A forrásokat négy csoportra osztottuk: validálási tanulmányok, biológiai markerekre hivatkozó tanulmányok, klinikai jellegű cikkek és egyéb, a széles körű alkalmazhatóságot igazoló publikációk. Jelen tanulmányban a validálással kapcsolatos kutatásokat összegezzük az időbeli stabilitás és a faktorszerkezet tekintetében, majd összegzést végzünk a megbízhatósággal, a nemi különbségekkel és az ANPS skálák együtt járásával kapcsolatosan. Eredmények: Az ANPS által mért konstruktumok időben stabilak, azaz a skálák vonásokat mérnek, nem helyzetfüggő érzelmi állapotokat. A hat érzelmi rendszer két fő faktorba rendeződik (pozitív és negatív), ahol a negatív érzelmi vonások nagyobb magyarázóerővel bírnak, mint a pozitívak. A hat (+1) skála megbízhatónak mondható (Cronbach alfa > 0,7). Az eredmények alapján a nők magasabb pontszámot érnek el a GONDOSKODÁS, FÉLELEM, SZOMORÚSÁG skálákon, míg a férfi ak a JÁTÉKOSSÁG, KERESÉS, HARAG skálákon. A Spiritualitás skálán nincs nemi különbség. A skálák között szisztematikus együtt járások tárhatók fel. Következtetések: Az ANPS megbízhatóan méri a személyiségünk alapjait alkotó, kéreg alatti agyterületekhez köthető érzelmi vonásokat, gazdagítva ezzel a személyiség idegtudományi megközelítésének (Personality Neuroscience) módszertanát. Az agyi képalkotó eljárásokkal együtt alkalmazva nemcsak ezen a területen nyithat új távlatokat, hanem a klinikai pszichológiában és a kulturális összehasonlító vizsgálatok terén is. Introduction: In this review we focus on emotional basics of personality traits from affective neuroscience perspective. We summarize empirical studies using the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) that was developed for measuring six (+1) primary emotional systems located in subcortical brain areas (FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS, PLAYFULNESS, SEEK, CARE, Spirituality). Methods: We selected 65 empirical studies published between 2003 and 2019 where ANPS questionnaire was used. We divided the studies into four clusters: validation studies, studies with biological markers, clinical studies and others demonstrating different application of the ANPS. In this review we summarized the validation studies in regard to the test-retest reliability, factor structure of the ANPS, then we conducted statistical analysis on 39 datasets for reliability, on 25 datasets for sex differences and inter-scale correlations (33 and 45 datasets). Results: Based on the test-retest analysis ANPS constructs measure emotional traits, not context-dependent affects. The six primary emotions form two main factors (positive and negative emotions), and the negative emotions have greater explanation power than positive emotions. The six (+1) scales are reliable (Cronbach alphas > 0,7). Results show that women have higher scores on CARE, FEAR and SADNESS, while men’s scores are higher on PLAYFULNESS, SEEK and ANGER. No sex difference appeared on Spirituality scale. However, systematic inter-scale correlations were found. Conclusions: The ANPS questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for measuring primary emotions that are located in the subcortical brain areas and are the building blocks of personality traits. It is a self-report measure of the recently developing fi eld of personality neuroscience. As a self-report instrument of brain imaging studies it can open new perspectives not only in neuroscience, but in clinical psychology and in cross-cultural studies.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Rodriguez ◽  
V. Garcia-Hansen

Although daylight changes seen through windows are likely to mediate positive responses in occupants, there are no specialized instruments capturing responses to dynamic attributes in views. This study mapped self-report instruments that could be readily adjusted to measure subjective responses to dynamic views. Through a revision of the literature, 55 papers in view assessment were clustered as a function of prevalent label types and constructs used to investigate responses to static outdoor views. Feature-type was the prevalent label distinction to investigate responses to window views, whilst preference and restoration were the predominant constructs in view out research. Four instruments were deemed appropriate to capture responses to dynamic attributes in views with respect to restoration, provided that semantic adaptations and further validations are set in place. This study highlights the need for more validation studies to increase the robustness of self-report instruments and outlines a theoretical approach to achieve this scope.


2017 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence S. Freedman ◽  
John M. Commins ◽  
Walter Willett ◽  
Lesley F. Tinker ◽  
Donna Spiegelman ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 187-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Lane

The assessment of an athlete's mental strengths and weaknesses can be a key role for a sport psychologist. Sport psychologists work with athletes for a number of different reasons one of which is to try to improve performance by helping an athlete prepare mentally. The present article examines considerations when measuring athletes' mental states. Self-report is the commonly used method but is limited by its subjective nature. Individuals might be genuinely unclear on how they are feeling, and consequently can only provide an estimate. Test interpreters should be cognisant of the inherent subjectivity in completed self-report measures. Test developers however attempt to reduce error measurement through the use of rigorous validation studies that require large samples and analyse data using theory-led methods.


2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (6a) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Kipnis ◽  
Douglas Midthune ◽  
Laurence Freedman ◽  
Sheila Bingham ◽  
Nicholas E Day ◽  
...  

AbstractObjective:To evaluate measurement error structure in dietary assessment instruments and to investigate its implications for nutritional studies, using urinary nitrogen excretion as a reference biomarker for protein intake.Design:The dietary assessment methods included different food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and such conventional dietary-report reference instruments as a series of 24-hour recalls, 4-day weighed food records or 7-day diaries.Setting:Six original pilot validation studies within the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC), and two validation studies conducted by the British Medical Research Council (MRC) within the Norfolk cohort that later joined as a collaborative component cohort of EPIC.Subjects:A sample of approximately 100 to 200 women and men, aged 35–74 years, from each of eight validation studies.Results:In assessing protein intake, all conventional dietary-report reference methods violated the critical requirements for a valid reference instrument for evaluating, and adjusting for, dietary measurement error in an FFQ. They displayed systematic bias that depended partly on true intake and partly was person-specific, correlated with person-specific bias in the FFQ. Using the dietary-report methods as reference instruments produced substantial overestimation (up to 230%) of the FFQ correlation with true usual intake and serious underestimation (up to 240%) of the degree of attenuation of FFQ-based log relative risks.Conclusion:The impact of measurement error in dietary assessment instruments on the design, analysis and interpretation of nutritional studies may be much greater than has been previously estimated, at least regarding protein intake.


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