scholarly journals Experimental determination of the influence of a constant electric field on the output of biogas and substrate varieties

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Kovalenko V ◽  
Lapikova O ◽  
Gutsalova V ◽  
Kuznetsova A
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Constant Electric Field ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Biogas Output ◽  
Stimulation Of

Оbjective. To investigate the effectiveness of stimulation of biogas release from cow substrate under influence of constant electric field of certain tension at mesophilic temperature regime. Methodology. Experimental research based on a laboratory biogas plant consisting of two reactors housed inside a thermostat and connected to gas-holder system to determine its volume and chemical composition. One of the reactors is equipped with a system of exposure to substrate by constant electric field. The optimum intensity of electric field was determined by previous experiments. The research was performed on a cow's substrate under mesophilic regimen and included determination of the dynamics of biogas output, changes in its chemical composition, and overall degree of dry organic matter destruction. Findings. The research has shown that biogas output per unit of dry organic matter under influence of constant electric field increased by 11.3%, the destruction of the latter increased by 12.2%, and the total volume of biogas (excluding CO2) increased by 8, 2%. It should also be noted that the lag phase was reduced by 12.2%. Originality. Complex research of influence of constant electric field on biomethanogenesis with measurement of chemical composition of obtained biogas and determination of degree of dry organic matter destruction has not been conducted before. Practicalvalue. The work allowed us to conclude that the influence of constante lectric field of certain intensity really stimulates the process of biogas production, without significantly affecting its composition. This method of biome-?hanogenesis intensification can be applied in industrial plants to increase their efficiency. Keywords: biogas, biomethanogenesis, bioenergy, biogasplant, chemical composition

scholarly journals On the Spent Coffee Grounds Biogas Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Vítěz ◽  
Tomáš Koutný ◽  
Martin Šotnar ◽  
Jan Chovanec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Input Material ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
The World

Due to the strict legislation currently in use for landfilling, anaerobic digestion has a strong potential as an alternative treatment for biodegradable waste. Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages in the world and spent coffee grounds (SCG) are generated in a considerable amount as a processing waste during making the coffee beverage. Chemical composition of SCG, presence of polysaccharides, proteins, and minerals makes from the SCG substrates with high biotechnological value, which might be used as valuable input material in fermentation process. The methane production ranged from 0.271–0.325 m3/kg dry organic matter.

scholarly journals Electrical resisitivity to detect zones of biogas accumulation in a landfill

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
César Augusto Moreira ◽  
Thais Munhoz ◽  
Fernanda Cavallari ◽  
Lívia Portes Innocenti Helene
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Tomography ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Surface Drains

Biogas produced in sanitary landfills consists in a potential source, formed by degradation of organic matter, this gas is constituted by CH4, CO2 and water vapor. Sanitary landfills represent important depository of organic matter with great energetic potential in Brazil, although presently with inexpressive use. Estimates for production or maintenance of productive rates of CH4 represent one of the main difficulties of technical order to the planning and continuity of collection systems for rational consumption of this resource. Electrical resistivity measurements are routinuously used in profiling oil wells for the determination of levels with accumulations of oil and gas, facing the contrast among fluids and rocks. This paper aims to evaluate eventual relationship among biogas flow quantified in surface drains of a waste cell in landfill, with characteristic patterns of in depth electrical resistivity. The integration of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) lines allowed for the generation of 3D blocks and a clear distinction among zones of high biogas production, quantified in surface drains, with areas of high resistivity in depth. The results suggest the possibility of use of the method in studies to place drains in areas promising to the collection of biogas for energetic generation in sanitary landfill.

scholarly journals AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM COW DUNG AND DROPPINGS

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younoussa Moussa Baldé ◽  
Cellou Kanté ◽  
Sette Diop ◽  
Sihem Tebbani
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Ongoing Work

The present work is an account of an ongoing work on biogas production from animal wastes at LEREA (Laboratoire d’enseignement et de recherche en énergétique appliquée) in Mamou, Guinea. The work consists of biogas production from anaerobic digestion and co-digestion of cow dung and droppings. We focus in this report on the determination of the physico-chemical characteristics of the experimental setup. We have carried out three experiments of anaerobic digestion each one lasting 45 days at mesophilic temperature (temperature was maintained in the range 27°C - 28°C). Biogas - 28.4 liters have been obtained from droppings, 22.6 liters from cow dung and 38.7 liters from co-digestion of the previous two wastes. The following physico-chemical characteristcs were observed for cow dung: humidity 43%, dry matter 20.83%, organic matter 57%, density 625kg/m3, carbon content 31%, nitrogen content 1.46%, nitrogen-carbon ratio 21/30. For droppings we measured: humidity 35%, dry matter 65%, organic matter 62%, density 250 kg/m3, carbon content 36%, nitrogen level 1.83%. This characterization was carried out on a sample of 3 g of each type of substrate. These results agree with those of the literature that we were able to compare with. Keywords: anaerobic digestion; anaerobic co-digestion; physico-chimical characterization; cow dung weste; droppings weste; methanation; animal waste

Effects of 5-5'-Diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) and Thyroxine on the Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition of Rat Liver

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 570-571
Author(s):  
E. A. Elfont ◽  
R. B. Tobin ◽  
D. G. Colton ◽  
M. A. Mehlman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Future Study ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Effective Inhibitor ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary5,-5'-diphenyl-2-thiohydantoin (DPTH) is an effective inhibitor of thyroxine (T4) stimulation of α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase in rat liver mitochondria. Because this finding indicated a possible tool for future study of the mode of action of thyroxine, the ultrastructural and biochemical effects of DPTH and/or thyroxine on rat liver mere investigated.Rats were fed either standard or DPTH (0.06%) diet for 30 days before T4 (250 ug/kg/day) was injected. Injection of T4 occurred daily for 10 days prior to sacrifice. After removal of the liver and kidneys, part of the tissue was frozen at -50°C for later biocheailcal analyses, while the rest was prefixed in buffered 3.5X glutaraldehyde (390 mOs) and post-fixed in buffered 1Z OsO4 (376 mOs). Tissues were embedded in Araldlte 502 and the sections examined in a Zeiss EM 9S.Hepatocytes from hyperthyroid rats (Fig. 2) demonstrated enlarged and more numerous mitochondria than those of controls (Fig. 1). Glycogen was almost totally absent from the cytoplasm of the T4-treated rats.

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