scholarly journals On the Mechanism of the Caro Synthesis of Methylene Blue

2021 ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Francisco Sánchez-Viesca ◽  
Reina Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Recent Interest ◽  
Thiazine Ring ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
New Applications

The recent interest for new applications of methylene blue as a promising drug for several important ailments prompted us to fill unknown aspects related to this compound. Since there is no mechanism on the Caro synthesis of methylene blue, we provide the electron flow, step by step, from the starting N,N-dimethylphenylenediamine to the dibenzothiazine derivative. It is a free radical generation system due to the oxidizing properties of ferric chloride. We pointed out the alternative reactions that take place with hydrogen sulphide, the reducer from which the thiazine ring is formed.

Photochemical strategies for the green synthesis of ultrathin Au nanosheets using photoinduced free radical generation and their catalytic properties

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
pp. 18805-18811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suisui He ◽  
Jun Hai ◽  
Tianrong Li ◽  
Sha Liu ◽  
Fengjuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Unsaturated Aldehydes ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Radical Generation

A photochemical strategy using photoinduced methylene blue radicals for the green synthesis of ultrathin Au nanosheets. The resulting Au nanosheets show highly sensitive recognition of cancer cells and efficient activity and selectivity toward the hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes.

Recent advances in Minisci-type reactions and applications in organic synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wengui Wang ◽  
Shoufeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Hydrogen Atom ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Radical Reactivity ◽  
Atom Loss ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
In Situ Generation ◽  
Thermal Cleavage ◽  
Synthetic Chemist

Abstract:: Minisci-type reactions have become widely known as reactions that involve the addition of carbon-centered radicals to basic heteroarenes followed by formal hydrogen atom loss. While the originally developed protocols for radical generation remain in active use today, in recent years by a new array of radical generation strategies allow use of a wider variety of radical precursors that often operate under milder and more benign conditions. New transformations based on free radical reactivity are now available to a synthetic chemist looking to utilize a Minisci-type reaction. Radical-generation methods based on photoredox catalysis and electrochemistry, which utilize thermal cleavage or the in situ generation of reactive radical precursors, have become popular approaches. Our review will cover the remarkably literature that has appeared on this topic in recent 5 years, from 2015-01 to 2020-01, in an attempt to provide guidance to the synthetic chemist, on both the challenges that have been overcome and applications in organic synthesis.

scholarly journals Anti-dementia drugs: what difference do they make?

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-280
Author(s):  
Jeffrey L. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
End Points ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Home Placement

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a treatable disorder. Two classes of anti-dementia agents have emerged in the recent past: anti-oxidants and cholinesterase inhibitors. A recent study showed that the anti-oxidants alpha tocopherol (vitamin E) and selegiline slowed the progress of AD. Patients treated with either agent alone or with both agents in combination progressed to end-point more slowly than patients on placebo. Patients on placebo reached one of the end-points - death, nursing home placement, progression to severe AD, or significant loss of activities of daily living - in approximately 400 days, whereas patients on active agent required approximately 600 days to reach the same end-points. Both these agents have anti-oxidant properties; selegiline is a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor that reduces free radical generation and alpha tocopherol has free radical capture capabilities. These agents are applied to patients in mild or moderate phases of AD, where slowing the progression of the illness and maintenance of patients at higher levels of function are the principal goals. Slowing the progression of the disease in more advanced phases of the illness may be less desirable.

Myocardial haem proteins, oxidant stress & free radical generation

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Catherine Rice-Evans ◽  
Jeremy J.O. Turner ◽  
Emma Newman ◽  
Michael J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Free Radical Generation ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Haem Proteins
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