MENOPAUSAL HORMONAL THERAPY AND BREAST CANCER

Author(s):  
Е.В. Бахидзе ◽  
А.В. Беляева ◽  
И.В. Берлев ◽  
В.Н. Анисимов ◽  
А.М. Беляев

Наиболее распространенным методом лечения климактерического синдрома является менопаузальная гормональная терапия (МГТ), однако безопасность ее применения, в связи с риском развития и рецидива рака молочной железы (РМЖ), до сих пор является предметом дискуссии. В обзоре приводятся результаты рандомизированных контролируемых исследований этой проблемы. Показано, что МГТ повышает риск развития РМЖ и рецидива заболевания после лечения. Риск РМЖ, развивающегося у женщин, получающих МГТ, зависит от ИМТ, длительности приема и дозы препаратов и выше у худых женщин, чем у женщин с повышенным ИМТ, а также выше у женщин, принимающих комбинированную МГТ (эстроген и прогестаген), по сравнению с женщинами, принимающими только эстрогенную терапию. Обнаружено, что у женщин, принимавших МГТ, чаще развивались гормонозависимые формы рака, но к моменту диагностики заболевания выявлялись более распространенные стадии и чаще обнаруживались метастазы в лимфатические узлы по сравнению с женщинами, не принимавшими МГТ. Риск рецидива РМЖ меньше при применении низких доз вагинального эстрогена. Альтернативным вариантом купирования менопаузальных расстройств у пациенток на фоне и после лечения РМЖ может стать применение гормона эпифиза мелатонина, поскольку наряду с его геропротекторными свойствами он способен подавлять рак на этапах инициации, прогрессирования и метастазирования и обладает способностью уменьшать токсические последствия противоопухолевых препаратов при одновременном повышении их эффективности. The most common treatment for menopausal syndrome is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), however, the safety of MHT, due to the risk of developing and recurrent breast cancer (BC), is still a matter of debate. The review presents the results of randomized cohort studies of this issue. It has been shown that MHT increases the risk of developing of breast cancer and disease recurrence after treatment. Risk of breast cancer developing in women getting MHT, depends on body mass index (BMI), duration of hormone use and dose of drugs, and is greater in thin women comparing with women with increased BMI, and also greater in estrogen-progestin combined MHT users comparing with estrogen-only users. It was found that in women using MHT hormone-dependent forms of cancer developed more often, but by the time of diagnosis, disease was found in more advanced stage and metastases in lymph nodes were found more often comparing with patients who did not use MHT. Risk of breast cancer recurrence is less with the use of low doses of vaginal estrogen. An alternative option for the relief of menopausal disorders in breast cancer patients during and after treatment is using of pineal gland hormone melatonin, since, along with its anti-aging properties, it is able to suppress cancer at the stages of initiation, progression and metastasis and has the ability to reduce the toxic effects of anticancer drugs while increasing their effectiveness.

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alakesh Bera ◽  
Eric Russ ◽  
Muthu Srinivasan ◽  
Ofer Eidelman ◽  
Michael Eklund ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Introduction Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer detected for women, and while our ability to treat breast cancer has improved substantially over the years, recurrence remains a major obstacle. Standard screening for new and recurrent breast cancer involves clinical breast imaging. However, there is no clinically approved noninvasive body fluid test for the early detection of recurrent breast cancer. Materials and Method: In this study, we analyzed serum samples from both recurrent and nonrecurrent breast cancer patients by different proteomics methods to identify biomarkers in patients with recurrence of disease. Results Comparative data analysis identified several histone deacetylase (HDAC) proteins, which were found at significantly higher levels in the serum of recurrent breast cancer patients: HDAC9 (C-term) (P = 0.0035), HDAC5 (C-term) (P = 0.013), small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (N-term) (P = 0.017), embryonic stem cell-expressed Ras (inter) (P = 0.018), and HDAC7 (C-term) (P = 0.020). Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the development of the breast cancer recurrence, and we identified several proinflammatory cytokines that were present at elevated levels only in recurrent breast cancer patient serum. Conclusions Our data indicated that the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory processes plays a critical role in breast cancer recurrence. The identified proteins could lay the groundwork for the development of a serum-based breast cancer recurrence assay.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Abu Khaled Muhammad Iqbal ◽  
Nasima Akhter ◽  
Hasan Shahrear Ahmed ◽  
Md Rassell ◽  
AMM Yahia ◽  
...  

Background: Malignant neoplastic lesions of the breast are one of the main causes of cancer death among women. In tumor cells the expression status of Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and c-ERBB2 (HER2/neu) are therapeutically and prognostically important markers affecting the treatment approach, management and prognosis of breast carcinoma. Objective: To explore the relation of receptor status in recurrent breast cancer to age and time of recurrence. Methods: This study was conducted in National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) and included 81 female patients between 20 to 75 years with recurrent breast cancer. Detection of receptor status of ER +ve/-ve, PR +ve/-ve, Her-2+ve/-ve was based on the immunohistochemistry staining of tissue samples of malignant neoplastic lesions prepared from tissue biopsies of patients with recurrent breast cancer. All the information were recorded through the pre-structured data collection sheet and analyzed. Results: This study showed that most of the recurrent breast cancer patients were Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (39.5%) and among them most of them were younger patients. Younger patients with TNBC had increased risk of recurrence. Most of the recurrence occurred within 1-2 years. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the assessment of the expression of these biornarkers in recurrent tumors provides reliable information for the treatment approach of locoregional tumors. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 16-20


1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Clark ◽  
G W Sledge ◽  
C K Osborne ◽  
W L McGuire

Univariate and multivariate analyses of potential prognostic factors for 1,015 women with recurrent breast cancer confirmed that the site of initial recurrence is an important determinant for predicting survival from the time of initial recurrence. However, both estrogen receptor (ER) status and axillary lymph node status at diagnosis, as well as the length of the disease-free interval, provide additional independent information for predicting patient survival after disease recurrence. Involved axillary lymph nodes at the time of initial diagnosis and/or lack of ERs may indicate a highly malignant tumor or a weak host defense, either of which might be related to short survival after relapse. Patients with ER-negative tumors recurred more often in visceral and soft-tissue sites, while patients with ER-positive tumors were more likely to recur in bony sites. However, for each metastatic site, receptor-positive patients had longer survival


1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 768-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
C L Loprinzi ◽  
J Duffy ◽  
J N Ingle

PURPOSE This report describes a previously unreported clinical phenomenon that occurs in some patients after completion of combination chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight case reports are presented. Affected patients developed a syndrome of myalgias/arthralgias within several months of completing cyclophosphamide/fluorouracil (5FU)-containing adjuvant combination chemotherapy for breast cancer. These symptoms did not appear to be related to cancer recurrence or any common rheumatologic disorder. The syndrome generally resolved over several months. CONCLUSION Postchemotherapy rheumatism is a syndrome of myalgias/arthralgias that usually develops 1 to 3 months after completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. Recognition of this syndrome can limit the need for extensive work-ups to exclude recurrent breast cancer or inflammatory rheumatologic diseases.


1979 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHIO MIYAZAKI ◽  
KAZUHIKO YASUMURA ◽  
SATOSHI II ◽  
YASUAKI TAKATA ◽  
TOSHIAKI KAMI

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 985-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharvari Dharmaiah ◽  
Johnathan Zeng ◽  
Vinay S. Rao ◽  
Zi Ouyang ◽  
Tianjun Ma ◽  
...  

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