Evaluation of the effectiveness of chemical disinfection agents against the Epstein-Barr virus

The widespread spread of infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), the lack of registered vaccines, the possibility of implementing a transmission mechanism in medical organizations, determine disinfection as the main method of preventing this disease. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical disinfection agents approved for use in the Russian Federation in relation to EBV-infected cell culture with quantitative DNA determination by polymerase chain reaction. Working solutions of complex disinfectants used for the treatment of medical devices were introduced into samples of EBV-infected B-cell culture in the concentration and exposure specified in the instructions (0.1 %; 60 min.). Then, the quantitative determination of the EBV DNA was performed. Chlorine-containing disinfectants, combined preparations based on aldehydes and guanidines per hour, as well as guanidines per hour and triamines, provided complete destruction of genetic material, while the combination of H with triamines led only to a decrease in the concentration of EBV DNA from 5.0 · 106 copies/ml to 2.4 · 106 copies/ml (by 2.1 times), which may not be enough to fully ensure biological safety when processing medical devices (sensors of ultrasound diagnostics devices, etc.), which are not subject to sterilization. The inability to determine the viability of EBV after treatment with disinfectants due to the initial presence of the virus in the B-cell culture makes the molecular biological method the only acceptable one at this stage and requires the search for new models – cell cultures intact to EBV or biological objects (laboratory animals). Keywords: Epstein-Barr virus, disinfection, quaternary ammonium compounds, triamines, aldehydes, guanidines, active chlorine releasing agents.

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Epstein-Barr Virus Can Establish Infection in the Absence of a Classical Memory B-Cell Population

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.79.17.11128-11134.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 79 (17) ◽

pp. 11128-11134 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Margaret Conacher ◽

Robin Callard ◽

Karen McAulay ◽

Helen Chapel ◽

David Webster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cells ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Population ◽

Germinal Center ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Memory B Cell ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Ebv Infection ◽

Ebv Dna ◽

Epstein Barr

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human herpesvirus that persists in the body for life after primary infection. The primary site of EBV persistence is the memory B lymphocyte, but whether the virus initially infects naïve or memory B cells is still disputed. We have analyzed EBV infection in nine cases of X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M (hyper-IgM) syndrome who, due to a mutation in CD40 ligand gene, do not have a classical, class-switched memory B-cell population (IgD− CD27+). We found evidence of EBV infection in 67% of cases, which is similar to the infection rate found in the general United Kingdom population (60 to 70% for the relevant age range). We detected EBV DNA in peripheral blood B cells and showed in one case that the infection was restricted to the small population of nonclassical, germinal center-independent memory B cells (IgD+ CD27+). Detection of EBV small RNAs, latent membrane protein 2, and EBV nuclear antigen 3C expression in peripheral blood suggests full latent viral gene expression in this population. Analysis of EBV DNA in serial samples showed variability over time, suggesting cycles of infection and loss. Our results demonstrate that short-term EBV persistence can occur in the absence of a germinal center reaction and a classical memory B-cell population.

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High pretreatment plasma Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA level is a poor prognostic marker in HIV‐associated, EBV‐negative diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in Malawi

Cancer Medicine ◽

10.1002/cam4.2710 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 552-561 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nathan D. Montgomery ◽

Cara Randall ◽

Matthew Painschab ◽

Ryan Seguin ◽

Bongani Kaimila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell ◽

Prognostic Marker ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Ebv Dna ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Large B Cell

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Long-Term Administration of Valacyclovir Reduces the Number of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Infected B Cells but Not the Number of EBV DNA Copies per B Cell in Healthy Volunteers

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.01005-09 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 83 (22) ◽

pp. 11857-11861 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Yo Hoshino ◽

Harutaka Katano ◽

Ping Zou ◽

Patricia Hohman ◽

Adriana Marques ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cells ◽

B Cell ◽

Half Life ◽

Epstein Barr Virus ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Ebv Dna ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Over Time

ABSTRACT Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a latent infection in B cells in the blood, and the latent EBV load in healthy individuals is generally stable over time, maintaining a “set point.” It is unknown if the EBV load changes after long-term antiviral therapy in healthy individuals. We treated volunteers with either valacyclovir (valaciclovir) or no antiviral therapy for 1 year and measured the amount of EBV DNA in B cells every 3 months with a novel, highly sensitive assay. The number of EBV-infected B cells decreased in subjects receiving valacyclovir (half-life of 11 months; P = 0.02) but not in controls (half-life of 31 years; P = 0.86). The difference in the slopes of the lines for the number of EBV-infected B cells over time for the valacyclovir group versus the control group approached significance (P = 0.054). In contrast, the number of EBV DNA copies per B cell remained unchanged in both groups (P = 0.62 and P = 0.92 for the control and valacyclovir groups, respectively). Valacyclovir reduces the frequency of EBV-infected B cells when administered over a long period and, in theory, might allow eradication of EBV from the body if reinfection does not occur.

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