scholarly journals Potassium Cyanide (KCN) Content in Coral Reefs and Its Effect on The Abundance of Indicator-Fishes in The Anambas Islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 214
Author(s):  
Rizki Dimas Permana ◽  
Sunarto Sunarto ◽  
Syawalludin Alisyahbana Harahap ◽  
Indah Riyantini ◽  
Yuwanda Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Potassium Cyanide ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

The coral reef ecosystem has been continuously degraded in various parts of Indonesia, including the Anambas Islands. This research aimed to discover the content of Potassium Cyanide (KCN) accumulated on corals and the effect on indicator fishes abundance in the Anambas Islands. This research was conducted at 25 observation stations in the Anambas Islands National Marine Protected Area. The potassium cyanide (KCN) content was tested with the principle of titration and distillation. The coral samples used ranged from 10-20 g diluted in 100-200 ml distilled water. The method used to determine the abundance of indicator fish was underwater visual census or UVC, which recorded fish in every station. This research recorded 307 fish individuals from 14 species of the Chaetodontidae family. Potassium Cyanide's content on corals was high ranging from 0,009-0,032 mg/L with an average 0,0205 mg/L. We concluded that there was a negative correlation between the content of Potassium Cyanide  (KCN) on corals and indicator fishes abundance, which means the higher the Potassium Cyanide content (KCN) is on corals, the lower the indicator fishes abundance will point out.

scholarly journals KONDISI LINGKUNGAN DAN TERUMBU KARANG DI DAERAH PERLINDUNGAN LAUT PULAU PRAMUKA, KEPULAUAN SERIBU

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Andri Warsa ◽  
Baiq Ida Purnawati
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Fishing Activity ◽  
Coastal Resource ◽  
Line Intercept ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Kawasan Kepulauan Seribu merupakan bagian dari wilayah Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, terletak pada posisi geografis antara 106°25’-106°40’ BT dan 05°24’-05°45’ LS. Daerah perlindungan laut adalah daerah yang ditutup secara permanen di mana semua kegiatan penangkapan ikan dan kegiatan lain dilarang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi lingkungan di daerah tersebut pada bulan April dan Juli 2007. Pengamatan kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang dilakukan dengan metode transek garis (line intercept transect) sepanjang 50 m sejajar garis pantai dan pengamatan kondisi oseanografi lima stasiun pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kondisi oseanografi di daerah perlindungan laut Pulau Pramuka layak untuk kehidupan biota laut dengan konsentrasi oksigenterlarut berkisar antara 2,55-4,19 mg/L, salinitas berkisar antara 32-32,5o/oo, kecerahan berkisar antara 2-10 m, dan derajat keasaman (pH) berkisar antara 7,85-7,99. Kondisi kesehatan karang adalah sedang dan baik dengan persentase tutupan karang berkisar antara 30-75%. Seribu Islands region located at 106°25’-106°40’ E and 05°24’-05°45’ S which is a part of Jakarta Province. Marine protected area is a closed site permanently where extractive activity is prohibited, mainly fishing activity and the aim of this program is to conserve coastal resource. The aim of this research was to know environmental condition of Pramuka Island marine protected area at Seribu Islands. The research was done at marine protected area of Pramuka Island in April and July 2007. Monitoring of coral reef ecosystem was done with line intercept transect method along 50 m parallel with shore line and oceanography condition at 5 stations. The result of this research shown that oceanography condition at marine protected area of Pramuka Island was suitable for marine biota life with dissolved oxygen between 2.55-4.19 mg/L, salinity between 32-32.5o/oo, transparency between 2- 10 m, and pH between 7.5-7.99. Coral reef healthy condition is medium and good with percent covered between 30-75%.

scholarly journals Variasi Temporal Kelompok Ikan Terumbu Karang di Pulau Tidung Kecil Menggunakan eDNA Metabarkoding dan Sensus Visual

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-290
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fahmi Zuhdi ◽  
Hawis Madduppa ◽  
Neviaty P. Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Coral Reef Fish ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Fish Group ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Coral reef fish are play key role in coral reef ecosystem. The presence of reef fish affected by antrophogenic and natural factors, such seasonal changes. This study aimed to asess the temporal variation of coral reef fish group in Tidung Kecil Island using eDNA metabarcoding and Undewater Visual Census. This research was conducted at December 2019 (West season) and August 2020 (East season). Target group are dominated in west season (64.1%) and east season (59.25%) using eDNA metabarcoding. While, major group fish are the highest relative abundance in both season by using Underwater Visual Census. Family Carangidae are the highest species richness (15 species) in wet season and Serranidae (3 species) in east season, respectively.  Futhermore, famili Pomacentridae are the most richness species in west and east seasons 10 and 11 species respectively. Thus, it can be concluded these two methods are effective for monitoring structure or abundance of coral reef fish based on seasonal variation. Ikan karang menjadi indikator dalam menilai keanekaragaman hayati di ekosistem tersebut. Keberadaan ikan di ekosistem terumbu karang dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor antropogenik dan faktor alam salah satunya perubahan musim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan kelompok ikan terumbu karang di Pulau Tidung Kecil menggunakan eDNA metabarkoding dan Sensus Visual. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2019 (musim barat) dan Agustus 2020 (musim timur). Ikan target mendominasi pada musim barat dan timur dengan persentase sebesar 64.11% dan 59.25%. Sensus visual berhasil mendeteksi ikan mayor dengan persentase tertinggi 62.5% di musim barat dan 82.8% di musim timur. Famili Carangidae merupakan famili dengan jumlah spesies tertinggi di musim barat (15 species) dan Siganidae di musim timur menggunakan eDNA metabarkoding (3 species). Hasil UVC menunjukkan famili Pomcentridae memilki jumlah spesies tertinggi di kedua musim (11 dan 10 spesies) menggundakan sensus visual. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua metode tersebut dapat menjadi pendekatan dalam monitoring struktur atau kelimpahan ikan terumbu karang berdasarkan musim. 

scholarly journals Performance of a baited underwater video system vs. the underwater visual census technique in assessing the structure of fish assemblages in a Mediterranean marine protected area

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
GABRIELLA LA MANNA ◽  
IVAN GUALA ◽  
DANIELE GRECH ◽  
FRANCESCO PERRETTI ◽  
FABIO RONCHETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Fish Assemblages ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Underwater Video ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
High Level

Accurate, rapid and cost-effective fish assemblage monitoring is fundamental for marine protected area (MPA) management as a pivotal tool to verify whether and to what extent MPA conservation objectives have been achieved and to redefine these objectives in the framework of an adaptive management. Recently, there has been a sharp increase in the number of video-based methods to study fish fauna, such as baited remote underwater video (BRUV) systems, that, depending on the objectives of the monitoring, can provide complementary or additional data to the more commonly used underwater visual census (UVC). Even though BRUV systems have been widely used in a wide range of geographic contexts and habitats, their use in the Mediterranean basin is still sporadic and the evaluation of the efficiency of BRUV systems and whether they can be used to complement other techniques needs investigation. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the performance of a BRUV system in a Mediterranean MPA and to evaluate its effectiveness in assessing the structure of fish assemblages (abundance and species richness) by comparing estimates with those obtained by the UVC technique. The fish fauna were monitored by BRUV and UVC in the Capo Caccia – Isola Piana Marine Protected Area (Sardinia, Italy), in July and October-November 2020, at four sampling sites and two areas, hundreds of meters apart, for each site. Overall, 46 taxa and a total of 3620 individuals were observed by BRUV, while 36 taxa and a total of 2995 individuals were observed by UVC. The species first observed in front of the camera’s field of view and able to reach the maximum abundance were the planktivores (Chromis chromis and Oblada melanura) followed by several carnivorous species belonging to the families Labridae, Serranidae and Sparidae, and lastly two carnivores (Mullus surmuletus and Mugilidae spp.) and some high-level predators (Dentex dentex, Seriola dumerili, Sphyraena viridensis, Dicentrarchus labrax). The maximum species richness and abundance were reached between 39 and 50 min. The cumulative species richness increased until around 30 min. Species richness was higher during the BRUV compared to the UVC monitoring. The consistency in findings between BRUV and UVC and a better performance of BRUV in detecting some species (mainly high-level predators), supports BRUV as an additional technique for describing and quantifying species richness and abundance also in the Mediterranean Sea. Based on the results of this study, the advantages/disadvantages, shortcomings, suggestions and resources needed for the two techniques are outlined.

scholarly journals Typhoon-driven Coral-Algal Phase-shifts in Southern Negros Oriental, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abner A Bucol
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Control Site ◽  
Slow Recovery ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Total Fish ◽  
Fish Species Composition

An underwater visual census (UVC) conducted to assess the biophysical conditions of the two marine protected areas (Antulang Marine Protected Area and Andulay Marine Protected Area) in Siaton, Negros Oriental revealed slow recovery from severe damage resulting from Typhoon Sendong in December 2011, suggestive of “coral-algal phase-shift”. Live hard coral (LHC) cover was consistently poor in the survey sites (2.25±0.78 % in Antulang Marine Protected Area; 1.25±0.50 % in the Control Site; and 3.33±0.17 % in Andulay Marine Protected Area) following destruction by the typhoon and colonization of algae (between 37-53%), dominated by Bornetella oligospora. Mean total fish biomass (including fusiliers and schooling juvenile Caranx sexfasciatus) was highest in Antulang Marine Protected Area at 70.60±28.07 kg/500m2 (equivalent to 141.21±56.14 tonne/km2) while lowest in Andulay Marine Protected Area at 9.83±4.32 kg/500m2. Mean total fish density was highest in Antulang Marine Protected Area at 597.0±114.7 fish/500m2 followed by the Control Site with 361.7±159.0 fish/500 m2, while Andulay Marine Protected Area had 200.7±31.6 fish/500m2. Fish species composition was slightly altered, i.e. decline in coral-dependent species such as damselfishes. Keywords: coral reef, macroalgae, phase-shift, resilience, recovery, typhoon

scholarly journals Diversity and Coverage of Coral Reefs in the Olele Regional Marine Conservation Area, Gorontalo

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3S) ◽  
pp. 246-249
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Olele Marine Park is one of the Regional Marine Conservation Areas (KKLD) which is designated as a conservation area based on the Decree of the Regent of Bone Bolango No. 165 of 2006. As one of the Marine Parks, the Olele KKLD provides a coral reef ecosystem which is an important asset in attracting local and foreign tourists to visit. Seeing tourism activities in the area referred to by monitoring and observing the condition of coral reefs is a big concern to do for the sake of ecosystem sustainability in the future. This study aims to study the extent and extent of coral cover in the Olele Regional Marine Protected Area. This research was conducted in April to May 2019 in Olele Village. The study used the LIT method at three stations at depths of 2 and 4 meters. The results showed station I depth 2 and 4 m wide coral cover 12.8% and 22.9% classified as bad, station II coral cover area 24.1% and 37.5% classified as poor on the surface of 2 m and moderate at height 4 m, while at station III the area of coral cover is 86.5% at a depth of 2 m and 95.4% a depth of 4 m with coral conditions that are still very good. For the index of coral reef diversity in the medium category.

scholarly journals Fluktuasi Ikan Karang di Kawasan Konservasi Laut Daerah Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang, Lombok Timur

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Diaz Adiyoga ◽  
Retno Hartati ◽  
Wilis Ari Setyati
Keyword(s):  
Reef Fish ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Line Transect ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
The Core ◽  
Average Abundance ◽  
Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Roll Out

ABSTRAK: Keanekaragaman ekosistem pesisir dan laut yang terdapat di Gili Sulat Gili Lawang merupakan salah satu sumberdaya yang penting untuk dilindungi mengingat besarnya ketergantungan masyarakat terhadap ekosistem tersebut. Ekosistem terumbu karang adalah salah satu ekosistem penting di Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang yang menjadikan ikan dan biota lainnya sebagai tempat tinggal maupun mencari makan. kondisi terumbu karang sangat mempengaruhi kekayaan dan kelimpahan ikan karang. Jika kondisi terumbu karang baik maka kelimpahan ikannya tinggi, begitu pula sebaliknya. Penelitian kelimpahan ikan karang dilakukan pada 14-21 November 2018 di Kawasan Konservasi Laut Daerah Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode sensus visual untuk ikan karang di kedalaman 8-10 meter dengan 3 buah transek sepanjang 50 meter sejajar dengan garis pantai. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Kawasan Konservasi Laut Daerah Gili Sulat dan Gili Lawang kelimpahan ikan karang, rata – rata nilai kelimpahan ikan karang di zona pemanfaatan paling tinggi yaitu 621 ind/ha, paling rendah pada zona inti sebesar 615 ind/ha dan zona perikanan berkelanjutan sebesar 616 ind/ha  ABSTRACT: The diversity of coastal and marine ecosystems found on Gili Sulat Gili Lawang is one of the important resources to protect given the large dependence of the community on these ecosystems. The coral reef ecosystem is one of the important ecosystems on Gili Sulat and Gili Lawang which makes fish and other biota as a place to live or find food. the condition of coral reefs greatly affects the wealth and abundance of reef fish. This research was conducted in November 14-21, 2018. Collecting data of reef fishes abundance using visual census method in 8-10 meter depth, use 3 pieces line transect with 50 meters long an roll out the transect along the shoreline. Based on the results of research conducted in  Gili Sulat and Gili Lawang the Marine Protected Area reef fish abundance, the average abundance of reef fish in the utilization zone is highest at 621 ind / ha, the lowest in the core zone is 615 ind / ha and the fishing zone sustainable of 616 ind / ha

scholarly journals Temporal of reef fish communities in the coastal water of Krueng Raya, Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Maria Ulfah ◽  
Siti N. Fajri ◽  
Muhammad Nasir ◽  
Sri Agustina ◽  
Syahrul Purnawan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Average Amount ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Severe Condition ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Krueng Raya waters have a big potency on coral reef fish; However, there was no study was conducted to document this biodiversity. This data are crucial for the conservation plan. Therefore, the objective of the study was to examine the community structure of reef fish in the Krueng Raya coastal waters, Mesjid Raya Subdistrict, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The sampling was conducted from January 2014 to December  2016. The data were collected at three stations by the Visual Census method with a depth of 3-4 meters. The research found the average amount of reef fish was 1743 individuals that were consisted of 93 species and comprised of 26 families. The Families dominating were Pomacentridae, Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, and Labridae. The distribution level of reef fish individually was influenced by the environmental conditions of the coral reef ecosystem. The severe condition of the coral ecosystem in the Krueng Raya coastal waters was caused by two factors. Firstly, fishing activities of the locals and tourists who deliberately stepping on the coral colonies and using unfriendly tools to catch the fish (speargun). Another factor was the occurrence of coral bleaching in 2016, of which almost 80% of the coral ecosystem in the Krueng Raya coastal waters was exposed to this phenomenon (bleaching).Keywords: Reef Fish, Acanthurida,  Communities Structure, Krueng Raya

scholarly journals DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL IKAN FAMILI SCARIDAE DI PERAIRAN TAMAN NASIONAL BUNAKEN, SULAWESI UTARA

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basuki Rachmad
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
Herbivorous Fishes ◽  
Line Intercept ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

ABSTRAKIkan karang Famili  Scaridae adalah salah satu ikan herbivora yang hidup di ekosistem terumbu karang. Namun keberadaan dan kondisi ikan ini belum banyak diketahui di perairan Taman Nasional Bunaken. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi dan distribusi ikan famili Scaridae yang berhubungan dengan terumbu karang, di Taman Nasional Bunaken yang dilakukan di tiga pulau pada bulan Februari hingga Mei 2017. Pengamatan ini dilakukan dengan metode sensus visual Line Intercept Transect (LIT) Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan keragaman ikan famili Scaridae terdiri dari 9 spesies, dua spesies ikan yaitu Scarus spirus dan S. niger memiliki distribusi spasial di seluruh perairan. Jenis ikan yang memiliki kelimpahan tertinggi adalah S. gobbhan (110 ind/ha).  Kesamaan spesies dicirikan oleh kecenderungan dari kelompok yang terjadi di perairan Pulau Bunaken yang kerucut. Penilaian ekologi ikan Scaridae menunjukkan bahwa terumbu karang di perairan Taman Nasional Bunaken masih dalam kondisi baik.Kata Kunci: Distribu spasial Scaridae, keanekaragaman, Taman Nasional Bunaken ABSTRACTCoral fishes Scaridae family is one of the herbivorous fishes that live in coral reef ecosystem. But  the existence and condition of this fishes has not been widely known in  of Bunaken National Park waters. This study aims to determine the composition and distribution of Scaridae family associated with coral reefs, in Bunaken National Park conducted at three islands in February to May 2017. The observation is ware made with the visual census method Line Intercept Transect (LIT)  In this study found diversity of Scaridae family consists of 9 species, two species Scarus spirus and S. niger has spatial distribution throughout the waters. S. gobbhan has the highest abundance (110 ind/ha). The similarity of species characterized by the tendency to from groups that occur in the conical Bunaken Island waters. Ecological assessment of the Scaridae fish shows that the coral reefs in the waters of Bunaken National Park are still in good condition.Key Words: Spasial Distributian, Scaridae, diversity, Bunaken National Park

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE WAKATOBI NATIONAL PARK ZONATION SYSTEM AND DYNAMICS OF CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM CONDITION

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Fikri Firmansyah ◽  
Adib Mustofa ◽  
Estradivar ◽  
Adrian Damora ◽  
Christian Novia N Handayani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
National Park ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Fish Abundance ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Hard Coral ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Hard Coral Cover ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

The zonation can be evaluated by observing changes in ecosystem and social status in Wakatobi National Park (Taman Nasional Wakatobi – TNW). Coral reef ecosystem is one of the parameters indicating the effectiveness of zonation system. This study grouped TNW zones into No Take Zone (NTZ – area larang ambil; ZI, ZPB, ZPr) and use zone (UZ – area pemanfaatan; ZPL, ZPU) to determine impact of zonation implementation between 2009 – 2016 on coral reef ecosystem. Three parameters (benthic coverage, fish abundance and fish biomass) were determined by Point Intercept Transect (PIT) and underwater visual census (UVC) methods and all of these data were tested using two-way ANOVA. Hard coral coverage fluctuated between 19 – 32% however, NTZ and UZ had no significant hard coral cover differences (F=2,182, df=1, P=0,14). Abundance of carnivour fish (F=0,53, df=1, P=0,46) and herbivour fish (F=1,98, df=1, P=0,17) were similar between those two zones. Fish bombing and poisoning were two major threats until 2007. However, sand mining and waste management has overcome two previous major threats by 2017. Zonation system and its implementation can be one of mangement effectiveness indicators. Support Wakatobi National Park Authority, it is recommended to apply harvest control rules (HCR), regular patrol and monitoring and stakeholders capacity buiding. Keywords Benthic cover; fish abundance; fish biomass

scholarly journals Reef fish community on Sabira Island, Kepulauan Seribu Regency, DKI Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
M W Taqiyuddin ◽  
E S Srimariana ◽  
N Cakasana
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Coral Reef Ecosystem ◽  
Underwater Visual Census ◽  
Index Value ◽  
High Level ◽  
Reef Ecosystem

Abstract Sabira Island is an island close to Jakarta Province but still has good water conditions and a coral reef ecosystem with a high level of diversity. The condition of the coral reef ecosystem affects the community structure of the reef fish there. This study aims to determine the community structure of the reef fish on Sabira Island. The research was conducted in August 2019 on Sabira Island, Kepulauan Seribu Regency, DKI Jakarta Province. Observations of reef fish were carried out using the Underwater Visual Census method at four observation stations. There were 47 species of reef fish found on Sabira Island from 12 families. The total reef fish found were 1315 individuals, consisting of 79 indicator fish, 417 individual target fish, and 819 major fish. The highest diversity index value on Sabira Island was found at the South Station, with a diversity index value of 2.39. Based on the community structure index at the four observation stations, the reef fish community’s condition on Sabira Island is still good ranging from unstable to stable condition with moderate diversity and low dominance index values.

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