scholarly journals Detection of Clostridium perfringens Alpha, Epsilon and Clostridium chauvoei A toxin genes in Blackleg

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Ali Nasir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Clostridium Chauvoei

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Association with Toxin Determinants in Clostridium perfringens Isolates from Chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1825
Author(s):  
Bai Wei ◽  
Se-Yeoun Cha ◽  
Jun-Feng Zhang ◽  
Ke Shang ◽  
Hae-Chul Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Necrotic Enteritis ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Growth Promoters ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the present study was to investigate variation in antimicrobial resistance in Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) isolated from chickens after withdrawal of antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs); and to investigate the correlation between the presence of toxin genes (cpb2, netB, and tpeL) and antimicrobial resistance. Altogether, 162 isolates of C. perfringens were obtained from chickens displaying clinical signs of necrotic enteritis (n = 65) and from healthy chickens (n = 97) in Korea during 2010–2016. Compared to before AGP withdrawal, increased antimicrobial resistance or MIC50/MIC90 value was observed for nine antimicrobials including penicillin, tetracycline, tylosin, erythromycin, florfenicol, enrofloxacin, monensin, salinomycin, and maduramycin. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher resistance to gentamicin, clindamycin, and virginiamycin was found in isolates from chickens with necrotic enteritis compared to those from healthy chickens. tpeL gene was not detected in C. perfringens isolates from healthy chickens. A correlation between toxin gene prevalence and antibiotic resistance was found in the C. perfringens isolates. Because the usage of antimicrobials may contribute to the selection of both resistance and toxin genes, these can potentially make it challenging to control antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic colonies. Therefore, a more complete understanding of the interplay between resistance and virulence genes is required.

Incidence of Clostridium perfringens and its toxin genes in the gut of children with autism spectrum disorder

Anaerobe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 102114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam K. Alshammari ◽  
Manal M. AlKhulaifi ◽  
Dunia A. Al Farraj ◽  
Ali M. Somily ◽  
Ahmed M. Albarrag
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Toxin Genes

Detection of Clostridium perfringens toxin genes in the gut microbiota of autistic children

Anaerobe ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney M. Finegold ◽  
Paula H. Summanen ◽  
Julia Downes ◽  
Karen Corbett ◽  
Tomoe Komoriya
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Toxin Genes

scholarly journals Characterization of Toxin Plasmids in Clostridium perfringens Type C Isolates

2010 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 4860-4869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Gurjar ◽  
Jihong Li ◽  
Bruce A. McClane
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Southern Blot Hybridization ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Positive Type ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Type C ◽  
Beta2 Toxin ◽  
Beta Toxin

ABSTRACT Clostridium perfringens type C isolates cause enteritis necroticans in humans or necrotizing enteritis and enterotoxemia in domestic animals. Type C isolates always produce alpha toxin and beta toxin but often produce additional toxins, e.g., beta2 toxin or enterotoxin. Since plasmid carriage of toxin-encoding genes has not been systematically investigated for type C isolates, the current study used Southern blot hybridization of pulsed-field gels to test whether several toxin genes are plasmid borne among a collection of type C isolates. Those analyses revealed that the surveyed type C isolates carry their beta toxin-encoding gene (cpb) on plasmids ranging in size from ∼65 to ∼110 kb. When present in these type C isolates, the beta2 toxin gene localized to plasmids distinct from the cpb plasmid. However, some enterotoxin-positive type C isolates appeared to carry their enterotoxin-encoding cpe gene on a cpb plasmid. The tpeL gene encoding the large clostridial cytotoxin was localized to the cpb plasmids of some cpe-negative type C isolates. The cpb plasmids in most surveyed isolates were found to carry both IS1151 sequences and the tcp genes, which can mediate conjugative C. perfringens plasmid transfer. A dcm gene, which is often present near C. perfringens plasmid-borne toxin genes, was identified upstream of the cpb gene in many type C isolates. Overlapping PCR analyses suggested that the toxin-encoding plasmids of the surveyed type C isolates differ from the cpe plasmids of type A isolates. These findings provide new insight into plasmids of proven or potential importance for type C virulence.

scholarly journals Complete genomic sequence and analysis of β2 toxin gene mapping of Clostridium perfringens JXJA17 isolated from piglets in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Zeng ◽  
Baosheng Liu ◽  
Jiao Zhou ◽  
Yimin Dai ◽  
Chunsheng Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Circular Chromosome ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Genome Homology

AbstractClostridium perfringens (Cp) is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals in the natural environment and animal intestines. The pathogenicity of Cp depends on the production of toxins encoded by genes on the chromosomes or plasmids. In contemporary literature, there is no clear consensus about the pathogenicity of CpA β2 toxin. To analyze the homology of the genome of piglet source CpA and its β2 toxin, we sequenced the whole genome of strain JXJA17 isolated from diarrhea piglets using the Illumina Miseq and Pacbio Sequel platforms. The genome was composed of a circular chromosome with 3,324,072 bp (G + C content: 28.51%) and nine plasmids. Genome and 16S rDNA homology analysis revealed a close relation of the JXJA17 strain with the JGS1495, Cp-06, Cp-16, and FORC_003 strains. These strains were isolated from different samples and belonged to different toxin-types. JXJA17 strain was found to carry two toxin genes (plc and cpb2). In contrast to other Cp strains, the cpb2 of JXJA17 was located on a large plasmid (58 kb) with no co-localization of other toxin genes or antibiotic resistance genes. Analysis of JXJA17 genome homology and its cpb2 would facilitate our further study the relationship between β2 toxin and piglet diarrhea.

scholarly journals Detecting toxin genes of Clostridium perfringens isolated from diarrhea piglets using multiplex PCR

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Phat X. Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Alpha Toxin ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Beta Toxin ◽  
Mpcr Assay

Clostridium perfringens is currently classified into five types (A, B, C, D, E) based on the different toxins produced. Type A and C are known as the causative agent of enteritis and enterotoxaemia in newborn and young piglets with severe intestinal lesions including edema, hemorrhage and necrosis. A multiplex PCR (mPCR) was developed in order to quickly and early determine the presence of genotypes of C. perfringens based on their genes of cpa, cpb, cpb2 and cpe encoding alpha toxin, beta toxin, beta2 toxin and enterotoxin with predicted products of 324 bp, 196 bp, 107 bp and 257 bp respectively. The detection limit of the mPCR assay was 1 × 103 copies/reaction for each gene. Sequencing of mPCR products performed with clinical samples collected from C. perfringens suspected pigs showed that the mPCR test functioned specifically. In conclusion, the developed mPCR test successfully detected the presence of genes cpa, cpb, cpb2 and cpe in the examined samples. Analysis of the bacteria isolated from field samples of diarrheal piglets collected in this study indicated that C. perfringens carrying gene cpa counted for 96.66% and 3.33% was identified as C. perfringens carrying genes cpa and cpb concurrently. Gene cpe was not found in this study, while gene cpb2 was detected coincidently in 73.33% of the samples with cpa gene. The results indicate that the prevalence of these four toxin genes is cpa, cpb2, cpb and cpe in decending order.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Expression of Toxin Genes in Clostridium Perfringens Isolates from Pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kukier ◽  
Magdalena Goldsztejn ◽  
Tomasz Grenda ◽  
Krzysztof Kwiatek
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Type A ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Genes Expression

Abstract Clostridium perfringens isolates were obtained from pigs of five porcine farms in Poland. The presence of C. perfringens was detected in 92% of faeces samples and its number ranged from 1.0 x 101 cfu/g to 1.2 x 107 cfu/g. All the isolates belonged to type A and 48.7% of them contained cpb2 gene. The qualitative assessment of toxin genes expression by type A subtype β2 isolates showed expression of cpa gene in 100% of strains and cpb2 gene in 71% of the analysed strains. The isolate from one-day-old piglets demonstrated also the expression of cpa and cpb2 genes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens netE and netF toxin genes in the feces of dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Sindern ◽  
Jan S. Suchodolski ◽  
Christian M. Leutenegger ◽  
Iman Mehdizadeh Gohari ◽  
John F. Prescott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Toxin Genes ◽  
Diarrhea Syndrome
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