Modern myrobalan plum cultivars of Belarusian breeding

Magarach. Vinogradstvo i Vinodelie ◽

10.35547/im.2021.59.95.006 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 37-42

Author(s):

Виталий Валерьевич Васеха ◽

Марина Николаевна Борисенко ◽

Валерий Авксентьевич Матвеев ◽

Валентина Милентьевна Горина

Keyword(s):

Brown Rot ◽

Winter Hardiness ◽

Biological Characteristics ◽

Fruit Breeding ◽

Quality Indices ◽

Full Bloom ◽

Fruit Growing

Приводится оценка сортов алычи культурной белорусской селекции: Асалода, Витьба, Лодва, Лама, Ветразь-2, Сонейка, Панна, Мара, созданных в РУП «Институт плодоводства». Исследования проведены в отделе селекции плодовых культур РУП «Институт плодоводства» в течение 2015-2020 гг. Дана краткая характеристика продуктивности, качества плодов, устойчивости к плодовой гнили, зимостойкости. Установлены сроки цветения и созревания плодов. По комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков выделены сорта Панна (Лама × Gaviota) и Ветразь-2 (Ветразь св.оп.). Сорта Мара и Асалода рекомендованы в качестве опылителей для современных сортов алычи культурной в условиях Беларуси. The article presents the result of evaluation of 8 myrobalan plum cultivars: ‘Asaloda’, ‘Vit’ba’, ‘Lodva’, ‘Lama’, ‘Vetraz-2’, ‘Soneika’, ‘Panna’, ‘Mara’ created in the Institute for Fruit Growing. The studies were carried out in The Fruit Breeding Department of the Institute for Fruit Growing in 2015-2020. The summary characterization of productivity, quality indices of fruits, susceptibility to brown rot, winter hardiness is presented. As a result of the research, date of full bloom and date of ripening were determined. ‘Panna’ (‘Lama’ × ‘Gaviota’) and ‘Vetraz-2’ (‘Vetraz’ o.p.) cultivars were selected for a complex of economic and biological characteristics. On the basis of the information, ‘Mara’ and ‘Asaloda’ cultivars are recommended as pollinators for modern myrobalan plum cultivars in Belarus conditions.

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Aldehyde dehydrogenase is essential for both adult and larval ethanol resistance in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672306008032 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 87 (2) ◽

pp. 87-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

JAMES D. FRY ◽

MOLLY SAWEIKIS

Keyword(s):

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽

Ethanol Metabolism ◽

Minor Role ◽

Ethanol Sensitivity ◽

Fruit Breeding ◽

Structural Locus ◽

Ethanol Resistance ◽

A Minor

The enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is essential for ethanol metabolism in mammals, converting the highly toxic intermediate acetaldehyde to acetate. The role of ALDH in Drosophila has been debated, with some authors arguing that, at least in larvae, acetaldehyde detoxification is carried out mainly by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), the enzyme responsible for converting ethanol to acetaldehyde. Here, we report the creation and characterization of four null mutants of Aldh, the putative structural locus for ALDH. Aldh null larvae and adults are poisoned by ethanol concentrations easily tolerated by wild-types; their ethanol sensitivity is in fact comparable to that of Adh nulls. The results refute the view that ALDH plays only a minor role in ethanol detoxification in larvae, and suggest that Aldh and Adh may be equally important players in the evolution of ethanol resistance in fruit-breeding Drosophila.

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Identification of Susceptible Weed Hosts of Phytophthora spp. in Cocoa Trees in the Nawa Region, South-West of Côte d'Ivoire

Annual Research & Review in Biology ◽

10.9734/arrb/2021/v36i130333 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 53-65

Author(s):

Daniel Kouamé Kra ◽

Yapi Richmond Baka ◽

David Coulibaly N’golo ◽

Ipou Joseph Ipou

Keyword(s):

Cote D'ivoire ◽

Côte D’Ivoire ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Ageratum Conyzoides ◽

Cote D’Ivoire ◽

Susceptible Host ◽

Phytophthora Spp ◽

Côte D'ivoire ◽

Weed Hosts

The cocoa tree, the mainexport crop in Côte d'Ivoire is frequently attacked by a disease: brown pod rot, caused by Phytophthora spp. which causes a considerable drop in production. This soil-borne pathogen attacks on so-called weeds when environmental conditions are favourable. The presence of these susceptible weed hosts can amplify this scourge of brown rot by transmitting the pathogen to the crop plant. In order to improve the yield of this crop, a study was conducted in the Nawa region to identify the weed hosts through the characterization of the pathogen. This study consisted first in the inventory of susceptible host weeds of Phytophthora spp. and second in the morphological characterization of the pathogen. Concerning the host weeds inventory we procceeded determining all symptomatic weeds located within 3 m of the cocoa plants affected by brown rot. We identified 48 susceptible host species, divided into 41 genera and 22 families and we observed brown spots on the leaves of Oplismenus burmannii and Laportea aestuans; on the leaves of Clerodendrum splendens and Xanthosoma mafaffa, brown necroses surrounded by a yellow halo were noticed. Oily brown spots were examined on the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides. On the proximal, lateral and distal parts of the pods symptoms of brown spots covered with whitish mycelia were observed. Phytophthora strains obtained from the pods and weeds on PDA culture medium were characterized by matted, white mycelial colonies with a cottony appearance. Microscopic features revealed the presence of sporocysts, oospores and chlamydospores of different shapes.

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Purification and characterization of thermostable β-glucosidase from the brown-rot basidiomycete Fomitopsis palustris grown on microcrystalline cellulose

The Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s12275-007-0230-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 51-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Jeong-Jun Yoon ◽

Ki-Yeon Kim ◽

Chang-Jun Cha

Keyword(s):

Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽

Brown Rot ◽

Purification And Characterization ◽

Fomitopsis Palustris

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WINTER HARDINESS IN SMALL FRUIT BREEDING

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.1985.168.4 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 57-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Hiirsalmi

Keyword(s):

Winter Hardiness ◽

Fruit Breeding ◽

Small Fruit

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Quality indices of groundwater for agricultural use in the Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico

Earth Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.15446/esrj.v21n3.63455 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 117-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Germán Santacruz de León ◽

JOSE ALFREDO RAMOS LEAL ◽

JANETE MORAN RAMIREZ ◽

BRISEIDA LOPEZ ALVAREZ ◽

EUGENIO ELISEO SANTACRUZ DE LEON

Keyword(s):

Water Medium ◽

Quality Indices ◽

Sodium Percentage ◽

Agricultural Use ◽

Magnesium Adsorption Ratio ◽

Anomalous Point ◽

Very High

In Soconusco, Chiapas, in spite of the high availability of surface water, it is resorting to the use of groundwater. Knowledge about the quality of surface or groundwater used to irrigate crops in that region is low. This paper aims to contribute to the knowledge of the quality of groundwater for agricultural use through the characterization of the spatial variability. Assuming a random spatial distribution of 45 samples which were collected in situ were determined: acidity and alkalinity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), cations and anions and trace elements; in addition to the agricultural index: Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Sodium Percentage (% Na), Kelly Ratio (KR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Permeability Index (PI), Effective Salinity (ES), Salinity Potential (SP) and Osmotic Potential (OP). In general, SSP, % Na, KR, PI are low, there is only one anomalous point (9) with high values at W of the study area. Similarly, PS, ES, Cl, Na and SAR are low except point 16 and conversely, RSC and pH are high, except at this point located in the center of the study area. The results allow us to infer that the water in that aquifer presents no problems or sodicity toxic ions. In 27 sites sampled values above 250 µmhos/cm were found at 25°C, classified as medium to high risk of salinity, unsuitable for agricultural use. Analysis of the combined effect of the presence of sodium (SAR) and salinity (EC or TDS) shows that 27 of analyzing sites have restricted water medium at very high for use in irrigation.

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