scholarly journals Structural Equation Modeling using Stata

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Cain
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Curve Model ◽  
Standard Linear

In this tutorial, you will learn how to fit structural equation models (SEM) using Stata software. SEMs can be fit in Stata using the sem command for standard linear SEMs, the gsem command for generalized linear SEMs, or by drawing their path diagrams in the SEM Builder. After a brief introduction to Stata, the sem command will be demonstrated through a confirmatory factor analysis model, mediation model, group analysis, and a growth curve model, and the gsem command will be demonstrated through a random-slope model and a logistic ordinal regression. Materials and datasets are provided online, allowing anyone with Stata to follow along.

scholarly journals Examining the ParticipACTION brand using the brand equity pyramid

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Lithopoulos ◽  
Peter A. Dacin ◽  
Tanya R. Berry ◽  
Guy Faulkner ◽  
Norm O’Reilly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Brand Equity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Activity Promotion ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Purpose The brand equity pyramid is a theory that explains how people develop loyalty and an attachment to a brand. The purpose of this study is to test whether the predictions made by the theory hold when applied to the brand of ParticipACTION, a Canadian non-profit organization that promotes active living. A secondary objective was to test whether this theory predicted intentions to be more physically active. Design/methodology/approach A research agency conducted a cross-sectional, online brand health survey on behalf of ParticipACTION. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis established the factor structure. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model. Findings A nationally representative sample of Canadian adults (N = 1,191) completed the survey. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported a hypothesized five-factor brand equity framework (i.e. brand identity, brand meaning, brand responses, brand resonance and intentions). A series of structural equation models also provided support for the hypothesized relationships between the variables. Practical implications Though preliminary, the results provide a guide for understanding the branding process in the activity-promotion context. The constructs identified as being influential in this process can be targeted by activity-promotion organizations to improve brand strength. A strong organizational brand could augment activity-promotion interventions. A strong brand may also help the organization better compete against other brands promoting messages that are antithetical to their own. Originality/value This is the first study to test the brand equity pyramid using an activity-promotion brand. Results demonstrate that the brand equity pyramid may be useful in this context.

scholarly journals Antecedents to Employee Attrition Behavior in Indian IT/ITES Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1132-1142
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Path Coefficients ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
Employee Attrition ◽  
Hr Managers ◽  
The Impact

Attrition is the biggest challenges being faced by the HR managers in today’s competitive environment especially with IT/ITES sectors. The study identifies clarity, career growth and advancement, personal priorities and organizational environment as the vital antecedent factors which impacts employee attrition. Further through multi-group analysis the paper studies the impact of agile environment on the said relationships in low and high agile environment. The study uses exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling for obatinig path linkages. In high agile group all the path linkages were highly significant and the path coefficients were stronger

scholarly journals Influence of Digital Finance on Efficacy of Entrepreneurship by Returning Migrant Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Can Xiong ◽  
Fusheng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Pls Regression ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Initial Iteration

Digital finance provides an ideal entrepreneurial environment for returning migrant workers (RMWs). From the perspective of entrepreneurs, many scholars have quantified the factors affecting entrepreneurship, as well as the entrepreneurial environment, theorized the importance, motives, and internal/external impactors of RMW entrepreneurship, and put forward quite a lot of countermeasures. This paper innovatively evaluates how digital finance influences the efficacy of RMW entrepreneurship. Firstly, the authors established an influencing factor analysis model and an RMW entrepreneurship model and explained principles for the structural equation modeling of the influence of digital finance on RMW entrepreneurship efficacy. Next, the traditional partial least squares (PLS) regression was optimized, the optimal initial iteration values (IIVs) were obtained, and the algorithm convergence was achieved. Finally, a multilayer structural equation model (SEM) was constructed to evaluate the influence of digital finance on RMW entrepreneurship efficacy. The proposed algorithm and model were proved valid and feasible through experiments.

Model Selection and Average Proportion Explained Variance in Exploratory Factor Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 001316442096316
Author(s):  
Tenko Raykov ◽  
Lisa Calvocoressi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Model Choice ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Average Proportion ◽  
Explained Variance

A procedure for evaluating the average R-squared index for a given set of observed variables in an exploratory factor analysis model is discussed. The method can be used as an effective aid in the process of model choice with respect to the number of factors underlying the interrelationships among studied measures. The approach is developed within the framework of exploratory structural equation modeling and is readily applicable with popular statistical software. The outlined procedure is illustrated using a numerical example.

scholarly journals Improved Representation of the Self-Perception Profile for Children Through Bifactor Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Katrin Arens ◽  
Alexandre J. S. Morin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
The Self ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Hierarchical Nature ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Best Fit

This study illustrates an integrative psychometric framework to investigate two sources of construct-relevant multidimensionality in answers to the Self-Perception Profile for Children (SPPC). Using a sample of 2,353 German students attending Grades 3 to 6, we contrasted: (a) first-order versus hierarchical and bifactor models to investigate construct-relevant multidimensionality related to the hierarchical nature of multidimensional self-conceptions and (b) confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory structural equation models (ESEM) to investigate construct-relevant multidimensionality related to the assessment of conceptually related constructs. The bifactor-ESEM solution provided the best fit, suggesting the presence of both sources of construct-relevant psychometric multidimensionality. The results supported measurement invariance of the SPPC across gender and grade level and showed latent mean differences mostly supporting results from previous research.

PLS FAC-SEM: an illustrated step-by-step guideline to obtain a unique insight in factorial data

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 1922-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Streukens ◽  
Sara Leroi-Werelds
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an illustrated step-by-step guideline of the partial least squares factorial structural equation modeling (PLS FAC-SEM) approach. This approach allows researchers to assess whether and how model relationships vary as a function of an underlying factorial design, both in terms of the design factors in isolation (i.e. main effects) as well as their joint impact (i.e. interaction effects). Design/methodology/approach After an introduction of its building blocks as well as a comparison with related methods (i.e. n-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multi-group analysis (MGA)), a step-by-step guideline of the PLS FAC-SEM approach is presented. Each of the steps involved in the PLS FAC-SEM approach is illustrated using data from a customer value study. Findings On a methodological level, the key result of this research is the presentation of a generally applicable step-by-step guideline of the PLS FAC-SEM approach. On a context-specific level, the findings demonstrate how the predictive ability of several key customer value measurement methods depends on the type of offering (feel-think), the level of customer involvement (low-high), and their interaction (feel-think offerings×low-high involvement). Originality/value This is a first attempt to apply the factorial structural equation models (FAC-SEM) approach in a PLS-SEM context. Consistent with the general differences between PLS-SEM and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM), the FAC-SEM approach, which was originally developed for CB-SEM, therefore becomes available for a larger amount of and different types of research situations.

scholarly journals IΤ project investments evaluation

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ανδριάνα Δημακοπούλου
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Real Options ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Investment Evaluation ◽  
Real Options Valuation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Η διατριβή ακολουθώντας μια διεπιστημονική προσέγγιση (α) από τον κλάδο της Διοίκησης των Πληροφοριακών Συστημάτων και συγκεκριμένα το πεδίο που αφορά στην αξιολόγηση επιχειρηματικών επενδύσεων και υιοθέτηση καινοτόμων εφαρμογών πληροφοριακής τεχνολογίας (ΙΤ investment evaluation and adoption) και (β) τον κλάδο των Χρηματοοικονομικών και συγκεκριμένα τη μέθοδο αποτίμησης των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων (Real options valuation) για την αξιολόγηση ενός επενδυτικού σχεδίου, έχει στόχο να μελετήσει το ρόλο των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων στις αντιλήψεις των διοικητικών στελεχών όταν αξιολογούν μια καινοτόμο τεχνολογική εφαρμογή. Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να μελετήσει το ερευνητικό ερώτημα: «Πώς τα εμπράγματα δικαιώματα (Real Options) μπορούν να επηρεάσουν τη συμπεριφορά και τις επενδυτικές αποφάσεις των διοικητικών στελεχών όταν αξιολογούν έργα πληροφορικής;» Για την επίτευξη του στόχου αυτού η διατριβή αναπτύσσει και ελέγχει εμπειρικά εννοιολογικά μοντέλα. Η Τεχνολογία Ραδιοσυχνικής Αναγνώρισης (RFID technology) αξιοποιείται ως το πλαίσιο εφαρμογής των συγκεκριμένων μοντέλων. Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθήθηκε για την κάλυψη του ερευνητικού ερωτήματος βασίστηκε σε μια μεικτή προσέγγιση αποτελούμενη από δύο βασικές φάσεις: (α) τη διερευνητική φάση, κατά την οποία πραγματοποιήθηκαν τρεις μελέτες περίπτωσης σε πραγματικές επιχειρήσεις και (β) την επιβεβαιωτική φάση κατά την οποία έτρεξαν μια πιλοτική και δύο κύριες έρευνες. Η πρώτη φάση βασίστηκε σε ποιοτική ανάλυση για την κατανόηση του φαινομένου των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων στην αξιολόγηση των επενδύσεων, ενώ η δεύτερη φάση σε ποσοτική έρευνα για να ελεγχθεί στατιστικά η σχετική θεωρία και η σχέση συγκεκριμένων μεταβλητών. Για την ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων στην επιβεβαιωτική φάση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δομικά μοντέλα εξισώσεων (structural equation modeling) και επιβεβαιωτική ανάλυση παραγόντων (confirmatory factor analysis), η μέθοδος πολλαπλής παλινδρόμησης (multiple regressions), ενώ για τη σύγκριση διαφορετικών ομάδων (groups) του δείγματος χρησιμοποιήθηκε η ανάλυση κατά ομάδες (multi-group analysis) και ανάλυση διακύμανσης (two way ANOVA). Η κύρια συνεισφορά της διατριβής συνίσταται μεταξύ άλλων στα ακόλουθα: (1) Επεκτείνει και υποστηρίζει τις ολιγάριθμες εμπειρικές έρευνες που έχουν πραγματοποιηθεί για τη μελέτη της επίδρασης των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων στην επενδυτική συμπεριφορά των διοικητικών στελεχών, επιβεβαιώνοντας ότι η παρουσία εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων επηρεάζει σημαντικά την αξιολόγηση επενδυτικών έργων πληροφορικής (2) αποτελεί την πρώτη εμπειρική ποσοτική μελέτη η οποία εξετάζει το αν το μέγεθος της επίδρασης των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων μεταβάλλεται ανάλογα με τον τύπο μιας τεχνολογικής εφαρμογής που αξιολογείται. Η συγκεκριμένη μελέτη καλύπτει το σχετικό ερευνητικό κενό που έχει υπογραμμιστεί από τη βιβλιογραφία υποστηρίζοντας ότι η αξία των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων είναι μεγαλύτερη για συγκεκριμένους τύπους τεχνολογικών εφαρμογών (π.χ. μεγάλης κλίμακας έργα με στρατηγικό χαρακτήρα που υποστηρίζουν ένα πλήθος εφαρμογών) και όχι για όλους τους τύπους, (3) συνεισφέρει στον κλάδο της αξιοποίησης των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων για την αξιολόγηση έργων πληροφορικής μέσω του ότι μελετά και αναγνωρίζει τους τεχνολογικούς και οργανωσιακούς παράγοντες που επιδρούν θετικά στην αναγνώριση και τη δημιουργία των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων σε ένα τεχνολογικό έργο πληροφορικής. Παράλληλα η διατριβή έχει πρακτική συνεισφορά καθώς προτείνει στους managers να αξιοποιήσουν και να λάβουν υπόψη τους τη μεθοδολογία των εμπράγματων δικαιωμάτων όταν αξιολογούν έργα πληροφοριακής τεχνολογίας για την υποστήριξη των τελικών τους αποφάσεων. Ακόμα, παροτρύνει τους προμηθευτές και τις επιχειρήσεις που αναπτύσσουν έργα πληροφοριακής τεχνολογίας να σχεδιάζουν σχετικά προϊόντα που μπορούν να δημιουργήσουν την ευκαιρία για εμπράγματα δικαιώματα με στόχο να είναι σε θέση να επηρεάσουν τις αντιλήψεις των managers σχετικά με την αξία, τη χρήση και τελικά την υιοθέτηση αυτών των προϊόντων.

scholarly journals Relationships between adolescents' and parents' values and parents' answering behaviour

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferran Casas ◽  
Germà Coenders ◽  
Cristina Figuer ◽  
Mònica González ◽  
Sara Malo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Paired Data ◽  
Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Multiple Group ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Parent Groups ◽  
Modelling Approach

In this paper we set out a confirmatory factor analysis model relating the values adolescents and their parents aspire to for the child's future. We approach a problem when collecting parents' answers and analysing paired data from parents and their child: the fact that in some families only one parent answers, while in others both meet to answer together. In order to account for differences between one-parent and two-parent responses we follow a multiple group structural equation modelling approach. Some significant differences emerged between the two and one answering parent groups. We observed only weak relationships between parents' and children's values.

A Psychometric Study of the Quality Perception Questionnaire

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Cioffi† ◽  
Anna Coluccia ◽  
Fabio Ferretti ◽  
Francesca Lorini ◽  
Aristide Saggino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fit Indices ◽  
Quality Perception ◽  
Italian Survey ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Hospital Structures

The present paper reexamines the psychometric properties of the Quality Perception Questionnaire (QPQ), an Italian survey instrument measuring patients’ perceptions of the quality of a recent hospital admission experience, in a sample of 4400 patients (Mage = 56.42 years; SD = 19.71 years, 48.8% females). The 14-item survey measures four factors: satisfaction with medical doctors, nursing staff, auxiliary staff, and hospital structures. First, we tested two models using a confirmatory factor analysis (structural equation modeling): a four orthogonal factor and a four oblique factor model. The SEM fit indices and the χ² difference suggested the acceptance of the second model. We then did a simulation using a bootstrap with 1000 replications. Results confirmed the four oblique factor solution. Third, we tested whether there were significant differences with respect to age or sex. The multivariate general linear model showed no significant differences in the factors with respect to sex or age.

Working Memory, Mental Prospection, Time Orientation, and Cognitive Insight

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevtap Cinan ◽  
Aslı Doğan
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Time Orientation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Insight ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Three Factor

This research is new in its attempt to take future time orientation, morningness orientation, and prospective memory as measures of mental prospection, and to examine a three-factor model that assumes working memory, mental prospection, and cognitive insight are independent but related higher-order cognitive constructs by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The three-factor model produced a good fit to the data. An alternative one-factor model was tested and rejected. The results suggest that working memory and cognitive insight are distinguishable, related constructs, and that both are distinct from, but negatively associated with, mental prospection. In addition, structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that working memory had a strong positive effect on cognitive insight and a moderate negative effect on mental prospection.

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