scholarly journals The reconstruction of the Siberian cities historical topography by means of GIS technologies (the case of Tobolsk at the turn of the 19th–20th c.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-212
Author(s):  
Elena Bryukhanova ◽  
Evgeniy Krupochkin ◽  
Mariya Rygalova
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Stage Structure ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Population Census ◽  
The Public ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

The article presents the analytical results of the project to reconstruct the social space of the city of Tobolsk according to the First All-Russian Population Census of 1897. The project is comprehensive, interdisciplinary in nature and is represented by a multi-stage structure. The source base of the project is represented by various types of sources and allows to recreate an objective and fairly complete model of the topography of urban space. The possibilities and effectiveness of the using of geographic information technologies in the studying of urban space are repeatedly confirmed by both foreign and domestic researchers. Many of these projects are available as interactive maps in the public domain on the Internet. The project for the reconstruction of urban space of Siberian cities at the turn of the 19th–20th c. included the development of the GIS “The population of Siberian cities at the turn of the 19th–20th c.” and the presentation of the results in the form of an interactive resource posted in the public domain with its further analysis. The city can be considered as a constantly developing phenomenon. The development of its environment is influenced by various external factors. In direct relationship with the city is its population. The objective of the project at the stage of analytical work is identification of the features and patterns of the influence of urban space on the distribution of the population, taking into account its estate, confessional, professional affiliation, i.e. the formation of the social topography of urban space. Tobolsk was chosen as a city, which preserved a significant number of written and visual sources (photographs). The results of the project showed the appropriateness of applying GIS technologies, which makes it possible to extend this experience to the study of the topography of other Siberian cities.

scholarly journals Urban Connective Syntax: Re-Imagining the Connective Relationshops of Social Space in Toronto’s Downtown Core

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Smart
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
City Core ◽  
The City

Urban metropolitan city-centers offer the most complex, socially connective environments in the built world. The social structures fundamentally embedded in city life are, however increasingly being overshadowed by an isolating system of city densification. The City of Toronto, as a territory of exploration, is one of many cities that are evolving a dense array of restrictive boundaries that increasingly challenge human connectivity, and the deep-rooted ability of these environments to establish vibrant city life. It is the role of architecture to mediate the relationships between the public and private territories and to understand how these environments are utilized and engaged by the surrounding context. This thesis has extracted critical environmental components exemplified in city, community, and building territories, and has re-integrated these defining characteristics into an alternative design strategy that establishes a balanced symbiotic relationship between the private and public realms of Toronto’s future City Core.

scholarly journals A natureza (dos) nos fatos urbanos: produção do espaço e degradação ambiental

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gislene PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Urban Policies ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Este trabalho pretende discutir a relação entre o processo de construção do espaço urbano, a segregação socioespacial e a degradação ambiental. A urbanização crescente da população no Brasil tem feito com que os problemas decorrentes desse processo (carência de infra-estrutura, densificação de áreas inadequadas, degradação ambiental, segregação socioespacial) centralizem nas últimas décadas as discussões de governantes, técnicos e cientistas sociais. Cabe, então, perguntar: por que nossas cidades não têm a qualidade que todos queremos, mesmo depois das inúmeras iniciativas preconizadas pelo poder público para reversão dessas tendências negativas? Nosso interesse aqui é discutir essas questões a partir do caso particular da cidade de Curitiba, a qual, apesar de vir se destacando por experiências bem sucedidas de planejamento, segue os padrões brasileiros no que se refere à segregação socioespacial. Entendemos que a discussão das questões urbanas deve ser centrada nos elementos que contribuem para a segregação socioespacial e nas possibilidades e limites das políticas públicas de controle do uso do solo respondendo de forma positiva para a sua superação. A partir do conhecimento da lógica da produção do espaço o trabalho pretende averiguar as possibilidades de integração das políticas urbanas, com o objetivo de promover a melhoria da qualidade ambiental. The nature (of) our urban facts: productions of space and environmental degradation Abstract This work intends to discuss the relation among the process of construction of the urban space, the social-spacial segregation and the environmental degradation. The growing urbanisation of the Brazilian population has led the problems which come from such process – lack of infrastructure, unsuitable densification of areas, environmental degradation, social-space segregation – to centralize the discussion of governmental rulings, technicians and social scientists. So, it’s worthy to ask: why our cities do not have the quality we want, even after several initiatives advocated by the public policies to revert these negative trends? Our interest here is to discuss such questions from the particular case of Curitiba city, the one which, despite of being standing out itself throughout well-succeded experiences of planning, follows the Brazilian patterns related to the social-spacial segregation. We understand that the discussion of urban questions must be focused on the elements which contribute to the social-spacial segregation and on the possibilities and limits of the public policies to answer in a positive way to their overcoming. From the knowledge of the production logic of the space, this work intends to check out the possibilities of integration of the urban policies, with the aim of promoting the increasing of the environmental quality.

scholarly journals Research experience of informal street markets in Khabarovsk-city

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Н. ДЕМЬЯНЕНКО ◽  
М.В. КЛИЦЕНКО ◽  
В.Н. УКРАИНСКИЙ
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Informal Markets ◽  
Street Trading ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

В статье приведены результаты полевых исследований неформальных уличных рынков Хабаровска, имевших целью выявить и описать их пространственную организацию. В качестве тестируемой гипотезы было принято, что уличные неформальные рынки вписаны в социальное пространство города, а масштабы, сезонность и ассортимент реализуемой продукции, а также поведенческие паттерны участников обменов зависят от структуры городского пространства. Так как неформальные уличные рынки не наблюдаются и не фиксируются официальной статистикой, был использован традиционный метод изучения неформальных феноменов – полевые исследования, а также методы городской антропологии. При описании социального пространства г. Хабаровск были использованы методы как социально-экономического, так и вернакулярного микрорайонирования. Всего было выделено 15 внутригородских районов первого уровня членения социального пространства. Выявлено, что вернакулярные районы перемежаются лакунами, а их границы не имеют четкого характера. В ходе полевых исследований, продолжавшихся с апреля 2019 по июль 2020 г., было выявлено более 100 мест уличной торговли, которые объединены в три основных типа: постоянные, сезонные и эпизодические. Продавцы на неформальных рынках были объединены в три основные группы: «частники» (владельцы ЛПХ), «дачники» и «собиратели» (жители пригородов, реализующие на рынках «дары тайги»). Наблюдение за поведением отдельных социальных групп на неформальных рынках разных типов в различных районах свидетельствует в пользу того, что действительно существует связь между поведенческими паттернами агентов рынка и социокультурной средой. In the article, the results of field studies of the informal street markets in Khabarovsk intended to reveal and describe their spatial organization are presented. As the test hypothesis, it is anticipated that the street informal markets were incorporated into the social space of the city while the scales, seasonality and assortment of the realizable products as well as behavioral patterns of the exchange participants depend on the structure of the urban space. Because the informal street markets are not observed and fixed by the official statistics, the traditional methods of investigating the informal phenomena – field studies – as well as methods of the city anthropology were used. When describing the social space of Khabarovsk city, the methods of socio-economic and vernacular microzoning were used. In all, 15 inner-city districts of the first level were identified when dividing the social space. It was found that the vernacular districts alternate with lacunas and their boundaries are not of clear nature. In the course of the field studied continued from April, 2019, through July, 2020, more than 100 places of the street trading which were combined into three basic types: permanent, seasonal and episodic. The salesmen in the informal markets were combined into three basic groups: “private traders” (owners of personal subsidiary plots), “summer residents” and “gatherers” (suburban residents realizing in the markets the “gifts of taiga”). Observation of the behavior of particular social groups in the informal markets of different types in different districts attests to the fact that there is really relationship between the behavioral patterns of the market agents and sociocultural environment.

scholarly journals Urban Connective Syntax: Re-Imagining the Connective Relationshops of Social Space in Toronto’s Downtown Core

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Smart
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
City Life ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
City Core ◽  
The City

Urban metropolitan city-centers offer the most complex, socially connective environments in the built world. The social structures fundamentally embedded in city life are, however increasingly being overshadowed by an isolating system of city densification. The City of Toronto, as a territory of exploration, is one of many cities that are evolving a dense array of restrictive boundaries that increasingly challenge human connectivity, and the deep-rooted ability of these environments to establish vibrant city life. It is the role of architecture to mediate the relationships between the public and private territories and to understand how these environments are utilized and engaged by the surrounding context. This thesis has extracted critical environmental components exemplified in city, community, and building territories, and has re-integrated these defining characteristics into an alternative design strategy that establishes a balanced symbiotic relationship between the private and public realms of Toronto’s future City Core.

scholarly journals Espaços compartilhados e práticas vividas: cartografia social e espaços de mobilização do bairro de Santo Amaro – Recife/PE

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Fialho ◽  
Maria Jaidene Pires ◽  
Rita de Cássia Maria Neves ◽  
Emmerson Pereira da Silva ◽  
Maria Marluce S. Gomes da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Social Cartography ◽  
The Social ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
The City

O texto objetiva compreender o bairro de Santo Amaro, situado na cidade de Recife/PE, nordeste brasileiro, a partir da caracterização dos seus espaços sociais. Identifica os lugares de socialização do bairro, conhecido por apresentar um dos maiores índices de violência dos centros urbanos brasileiros, a fim de destacar o seu potencial de mobilização política e identitária. Dialogando com a antropologia urbana, utiliza o conceito de lugar como um espaço na dimensão cultural-simbólica, assim como parte da ideia de unidade de mobilização para identificar o potencial de articulação dos moradores do bairro. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa seguiu os princípios da nova cartografia social, considerando-a uma forma de fazer etnografia. Como resultado, obtivemos uma leitura do espaço social do bairro e das suas dinâmicas locais. Foram realizadas oficinas de cartografia e produzidos mapas a partir da mobilização em torno dos clubes e times de futebol que exercem importante função no bairro.  Buscou-se, a partir da realização de “cartografias sociais”, contribuir para a compreensão das questões urbanas e dar visibilidade às criativas estratégias de articulação social.Palavras chave: Espaço urbano. Cartografia social. Unidade de mobilização.Shared Spaces and Experienced Practices: social cartography and spaces of mobilization in the neighbourhood of Santo Amaro – Recife/PE This paper aims to understand the neighborhood of Santo Amaro, located in the city of Recife/PE, Northeastern Brazil, through the characterization of its social spaces. In order to highlight its potential for political mobilization and identity, we identify places of socialization within the neighborhood, which is recognized as having one of the highest rates of violence in a Brazilian urban center. In dialogue with the urban anthropology, the study employs the concept of place as a space within cultural symbolic dimensions, as well as part of the idea of a mobilization unit to identify the potential for linking the residents of the neighborhood.In methodological terms, the study has followed the principles of the new social cartography, considering it as a manner of performing an ethnographic study. As a result, we obtained a reading of the social space of the neighborhood and its local dynamics. Cartography workshops were conducted and maps were produced from the mobilization surrounding the clubs and soccer teams that play an important role within the neighborhood. By implementing "social cartography", we sought to contribute to the understanding of urban issues and provide visibility to the creative strategies for social articulation.Keywords: Urban space. Social cartography. Mobilization unit. 

scholarly journals Choreographies of Dissent and the Politics of Public Space in State-of-Emergency Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-108
Author(s):  
Sevi Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
State Agencies ◽  
Folk Dance ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The City

This article investigates a recent period in which dissenting activism has been shifted in Istanbul under the state of emergency (2016-2018). Based on an ethnography conducted with activists in feminist and LGBTQI+ demonstrations, anti-emergency decree vigils, and the Presidential Referendum protests, the study discusses how activists resist and undermine mobilization of violence through using the hegemonic tools of repression tactically, and choreographically. By employing Hannah Arendt’s concepts of “politics” and “isolation,” I examine that state agencies like the police forcefully disperse protesters and display authority, oppression, and occupation of public spaces by constantly creating an atmosphere of fear and insecurity. In opposition, dissenters practice and rehearse dispersal as a resilient choreography to once again relate each other against the forces of isolation. I suggest the term “tactics of dispersal” to define and analyze how activists depart from the central assembly of the social movement to create smaller, mobile, and ephemeral assemblies. In the city-scale, by scattering themselves in the city of Istanbul and mobilizing peripheries of the urban space, dissenters re-choreograph and subvert a thanatopolitical strategy of dispersal in favor of pluralism under political hardship. In the bodily-scale, activists claim the public sphere through the transience of folk dance. Whenever protesters depart from folk dance collectives to create new ones, they perpetually re-configure the area and initiate novel actions contingent upon their temporal and positional assessments during the dance. Such tactical applications of dispersal characterized by the smaller scale and transitory gatherings with ever-changing combinations of bodies at the peripheral space of urban activism manifest its great potential for collective agency and plural politics. 

Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Machado
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Traditional Elite ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

This book analyses the physical, social, and cultural history of Rome in late antiquity. Between AD 270 and 535, the former capital of the Roman empire experienced a series of dramatic transformations in its size, appearance, political standing, and identity, as emperors moved to other cities and the Christian church slowly became its dominating institution. Urban Space and Aristocratic Power in Late Antique Rome provides a new picture of these developments, focusing on the extraordinary role played by members of the traditional elite, the senatorial aristocracy, in the redefinition of the city, its institutions, and spaces. During this period, Roman senators and their families became increasingly involved in the management of the city and its population, in building works, and in the performance of secular and religious ceremonies and rituals. As this study shows, for approximately three hundred years the houses of the Roman elite competed with imperial palaces and churches in shaping the political map and the social life of the city. Making use of modern theories of urban space, the book considers a vast array of archaeological, literary, and epigraphic documents to show how the former centre of the Mediterranean world was progressively redefined and controlled by its own elite.

Mocking Parades and the Place of Pagan Statuary in Late Antique Alexandria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-288
Author(s):  
Jonathan Stutz
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Mob Violence ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
The Public ◽  
Sacred Objects ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

AbstractWith the present paper I would like to discuss a particular form of procession which we may term mocking parades, a collective ritual aimed at ridiculing cultic objects from competing religious communities. The cases presented here are contextualized within incidents of pagan/Christian violence in Alexandria between the 4th and 5th centuries, entailing in one case the destruction of the Serapeum and in another the pillaging of the Isis shrine at Menouthis on the outskirts of Alexandria. As the literary accounts on these events suggest, such collective forms of mockery played an important role in the context of mob violence in general and of violence against sacred objects in particular. However, while historiographical and hagiographical sources from the period suggest that pagan statues underwent systematic destruction and mutilation, we can infer from the archaeological evidence a vast range of uses and re-adaptation of pagan statuary in the urban space, assuming among other functions that of decorating public spaces. I would like to build on the thesis that the parading of sacred images played a prominent role in the discourse on the value of pagan statuary in the public space. On the one hand, the statues carried through the streets became themselves objects of mockery and violence, involving the population of the city in a collective ritual of exorcism. On the other hand, the images paraded in the mocking parades could also become a means through which the urban space could become subject to new interpretations. Entering in visual contact with the still visible vestiges of the pagan past, with the temples and the statuary of the city, the “image of the city” became affected itself by the images paraded through the streets, as though to remind the inhabitants that the still-visible elements of Alexandria’s pagan topography now stood as defeated witnesses to Christianity’s victory.

THE FREEDOM OF THE AESTHETIC: MONTSERRAT ROIG’S USE OF THE CITY IN RAMONA, ADÉU

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Caragh Wells
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
The Social ◽  
Catalan Literature ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The City

This article suggests that over recent decades Catalan literary criticism has paid too little attention to the aesthetic attributes of Catalan literature and emphasised the social, political and cultural at the expense of discussions of narrative poetics. Through an analysis of Montserrat Roig’s metaphorical use of the city in her first novel Ramona, adéu, I put forward the view that the aesthetic features of Catalan literature need to be re-claimed. This article provides a critical analysis of the aesthetic importance of Roig’s representation of the city in her first novel and argues that she uses Barcelona as a critical tool through which to explore questions of both female emancipation and aesthetic freedom. Following a detailed discussion of Roig’s descriptions of how her female characters interact with particular urban spaces, I examine how Roig makes subtle shifts in her semantic register during these narrative accounts when her prose moves into the realm of the poetic. I conclude that this technique enables us to read her accounts of urban space as metaphors for aesthetic freedom and are inextricably linked to her wider concerns on the importance of liberating Catalan literature from the discourse of political nationalism.

Kuntoutukseen osallistuminen ja eri osajärjestelmien ristikkäiskäyttö

Kuntoutus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
Hanna Rinne ◽  
Jenni Blomgren
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Occupational Health Care ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Insurance Institution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The City

Tieto kuntoutuksen kentän kokonaisuudesta ja erilaisten kuntoutuspalveluiden käytöstä samoilla ihmisillä on varsin hajanaista ja puutteellista. Tutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää kuntoutukseen osallistumisen yleisyyttä ja päällekkäisyyttä eri osajärjestelmissä Oulun asukkailla vuonna 2018 laajalla rekisteriaineistolla (N = 192 844). Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan julkisen sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujärjestelmän kuntoutusta, Kelan kuntoutusta, työeläkekuntoutusta, työterveyshuollon fysioterapiaa ja Kelan korvaamaa yksityistä fysioterapiaa. Vuonna 2018 oululaisista 18 prosenttia sai vähintään yhden tutkitun osajärjestelmän kuntoutusta (N = 34 061). Yleisintä oli julkisen sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujärjestelmän kuntoutus, harvinaisinta työeläkekuntoutus. Naiset osallistuivat kuntoutukseen miehiä yleisemmin. Kuntoutukseen osallistuminen oli miehillä yleisintä 65 vuotta täyttäneillä, naisilla 45–64-vuotiailla. Harvinaisinta se oli 16–24-vuotiailla miehillä ja alle 16-vuotiailla naisilla. Suurin osa (90 %) kuntoutukseen osallistuneista oli osallistunut vain yhden osajärjestelmän kuntoutukseen. Useamman osajärjestelmän kuntoutukseen osallistuminen oli naisilla miehiä yleisempää. Ikäryhmistä se oli yleisintä 45–64-vuotiailla ja harvinaisinta alle 16-vuotiailla. Vähintään kahden osajärjestelmän kuntoutukseen osallistuneet olivat keskimäärin vanhempia kuin vain yhden osajärjestelmän kuntoutukseen osallistuneet ja myös naisten osuus oli heillä suurempi. Rekisteritietoja kuntoutuksesta on hankala koota kattavasti, sillä järjestelmä on hyvin hajanainen ja toimijoita ja rekisterinpitäjiä on lukuisia. Myös kuntoutuksen määrittely aineistoista osoittautui vaikeaksi. Yhtenäiset tietojärjestelmät kuntoutuksesta palvelisivat paitsi tutkijoita, myös kuntoutujia. Abstract Prevalence and overlap of participation in rehabilitation in different subsystems – a register-based study among residents of the city of Oulu, Finland, in 2018 Knowledge of the whole spectrum of rehabilitation and of the use of different rehabilitation services by the same individuals is quite fragmented and incomplete. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and overlap of participation in rehabilitation in different subsystems among residents of the city of Oulu, Finland, in 2018 using extensive register-based data (N=192,844). The study examines rehabilitation organized by the public social and health care system, by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland, by the earnings-related pension system, as well as physiotherapy in occupational health care and private physiotherapy reimbursed by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland. In 2018, 18 per cent of the residents of Oulu received rehabilitation of at least one of the examined subsystems (N=34,061). Receiving rehabilitation of public social and health care was the most common; the rarest was rehabilitation within the earnings-related pension system. Women participated in rehabilitation more often than men. Using rehabilitation services was most common in men aged 65 and over, and in women aged 45–64. It was least common in men aged 16–24 years and in women under 16 years of age. The majority (90%) of those who participated in rehabilitation had participated in rehabilitation of only one subsystem. Participation in rehabilitation of several subsystems was more common in women than in men. It was most common in those aged 45–64 years and least common in those under 16 years of age. Those who received rehabilitation of at least two subsystems were, on average, older than those who received rehabilitation of only one subsystem, and more often women. It is difficult to compile comprehensive register data on rehabilitation, as the system is very fragmented and there are many organizers and registrars. Defining rehabilitation from the data also proved difficult. Unified information systems on rehabilitation would serve not only researchers but also rehabilitees. Keywords: rehabilitation, register-based research, Finland

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