scholarly journals FIGURATIVE MEANINGS IN THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF MULTI-VALUED RELATIVE ADJECTIVES OF THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC GROUP ‘‘BIRDS’’

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I. Mikhalev ◽  
L.V. Pugina
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Group

An experimental vocabulary article compiled by the authors is presented that describes the arrangement of the semantic structure of a multi-valued relative adjective. Some figurative meanings characteristic of the adjectives of the thematic group “Birds” are revealed and fixed. Attention is paid to the method of metaphorical transfer, the result of which is new lexico-semantic variants of qualitative semantics and stable phases containing figurative meanings as semantic components.

Deadjectival Verbs of Essive Semantics in German, English and Ukrainian: A Typological Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Pouzik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Inactive State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
Semantically Heterogeneous ◽  
Model Subject ◽  
Interpretation Model

The peculiarities of the semantics and structure of verbs derived from adjectives in German, English, and Ukrainian have been analyzed. The verbal lexemes of the languages compared can be defined by means of a semantic interpretation model “Subject of a Situation Is a Motivating Adjective”; they constitute a semantically heterogeneous group of “essive” verbs (from Lat. esse - ‘to be'). Within the framework of the derivational category of “essive” verbs at the level of derivational semantics subcategories, semantic groups and subgroups have been distinguished. In the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs of German, English, and Ukrainian, the opposition is reproduced on the basis of an “active/inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature denoted by a motivating adjective”. On this basis, the “essive” verbs of the compared languages are divided into two derivational subcategories: “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature) and “quasi-essive” verbs derived from adjectives (active state of the subject when revealing a feature). In terms of interlingual comparison, the author notes the quantitative superiority of the two subcategories of the Ukrainian “active” deadjectival verbs over the corresponding subcategories of German and English, while within each language of comparison the quantitative ratios of the selected subcategories are different: in Ukrainian the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs is superior over the subcategory of “quasi-essive” verbs, while in German and English the “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs are quantitatively superior over the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (in German the quantitative difference is insignificant (nine verbs), and in English the group of “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs is almost twice as big as in German). Within the selected derivational subcategories of the languages compared and on the basis of the presence/absence and nature of certain additional semantic components in the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs, semantic groups have been distinguished. Two semantic groups can be clearly distinguished within “proper essive” deadjectival verbs, depending on whether the feature revealed by the subject of a situation is necessarily visually perceptible (“expositive”) or visually imperceptible (“intra-essive”). The group of “expositive” deadjectival verbs of Ukrainian is eight times as big as the corresponding semantic group in German, while in English no deadjectival verbs of “expositive” semantics have been found. In German and English, the main way to derive essive verbs from adjectives is conversion (85% and 56%, respectively). In English, conversion is supplemented with suffix models (44%). Essive suffix deadjectival verbs make up 100% of the material in Ukrainian and 15% in German.

scholarly journals Semantic Modulation of the English Verbs of Leaving in Terms of the Space of Sets (On the Example of the Verbs Leave, Depart)

2020 ◽  
pp. 323-330
Author(s):  
A.S. Dautova
Keyword(s):  
American English ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
Research Hypothesis ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
National Corpus ◽  
Linguistic Reality

The article presents the experience of studying the semantic structure of the English verbs with the meaning of leaving. The author focuses on the problem of modulating the meaning of the English verbs “leave”, “depart” and their transition into another lexical and semantic group. The urgency of the study lies in addressing the category of space as one of the basic linguistic forms of conceptualization and interpretation of extra-linguistic reality, which man operates in the process of cognition, interpretation of the surrounding world. The problem of research is solved by describing the modulation of meaning in terms of the concept of space of sets, as one of the factors contributing to the change of meaning. The verification of the research hypothesis is based on the analysis of lexicographical data sources of the British National Corpus and the Corpus of Modern American English.

scholarly journals Adjectives characterizing the water and near-water space in the Khanty language

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-707
Author(s):  
A. A. Shiyanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Space Research ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Bilingual Dictionaries ◽  
Water Space

Introduction: the article considers the names of adjectives that characterize the water and near-water space in the Khanty language on the material of Western dialects. The lexical and semantic structure and word-formation models were determined, the number of units of adjectives included in this group was revealed. Objective: to identify semantics and word-formation capabilities of adjectives of the Khanty language characterizing water and near-water space. Research materials: the file card composed of examples of bilingual dictionaries on the Khanty language, folklore collections, and spoken speech samples collected from informants. Results and novelty of the research: the result of the study is the description of semantics and word-formation models of language units characterizing water and near-water space in the Khanty language on the material of the Kazym, Shuryshkar and Ural dialects. Lexical and semantic groups include the characteristic of water and near-water space: surface of water in liquid and solid state, extent, presence or absence of signs of water and near-water space. This vocabulary is formed according to six word-formation models. The scientific novelty of the study consists in systematization of this lexical and semantic group of adjectives in the Khanty language, consideration of methods of word formation, specification of lexical units characterizing this space.

Semantic Structure and Episodic Context: The Analogy Between LSA and TCM

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc W. Howard ◽  
Aditya V. Datey ◽  
Hong-Liang Gai
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure

Semantic structure and meaning within agentive nominal compounds: Evidence from French and Swedish

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Roles ◽  
Nominal Compounds

This study addresses agentive nominal compounds in French and Swedish containing N and V constituents. French has only one such compound, VN, whereas Swedish has at least four, NV-are, NV-a, NV and VN. The study explores the semantic characteristics of their constituents and their semantic structures. Formal aspects are also considered within a lexeme-based morphology. The analysis shows that, although French and Swedish compounds differ formally, they share more or less the same semantics. Their V constituent takes one or more arguments, and their N constituents display several semantic roles. Semantically, the compounds generally denote an Actor of verbs taking two arguments, and the N constituents denote an Undergoer, except in Swedish VN compounds, which denote an entity which fills the same role as that of the N constituent, generally an Actor. Non argumental interpretations, such as Place or Event, are less frequent. In conclusion, the study can have typological value for the semantics of agentive nominal compounds.1

The Demonolexis in Yu. Andrukhovych’s Long Short Story “Recreatsii” (“Recreations”)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Nina Bosak
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The World

The demonolexis in Yu. Andrukhovych’s long short story “Recreatsii” (“Recreations”) has been analyzed in the article. In the course of the research there have been outlined the following lexical-semantic groups of demonomens: toponymic and onomastic names, modified lexemes, names of the rituals, genuine Ukrainian demonomens, obscene words and expressions, demonomens of Biblical origin, names from the world mythology and general demonolexis. The special lexical-semantic group has been formed by non personificated demonomens, which serve to convey the peculiarities of the contemporary Ukrainian writers’ mentality, their habits through speech. Such nomens help to reveal the protagonist’s soul, show the positive and negative sides of his personal ego, demonstrate the duality of the human perception of the world, indicate the causes of phobias, emotions, sensations. Key words: demonolexis, demonomen, lexical-semantic group, non personificated demonomen.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document