TRANSFORMATION OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNANCE IN SMALLAND MEDIUM CITIES OF RUSSIA THROUGH THE EYESOF THE EXPERT COMMUNITY (4)

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-252
Author(s):  
N.М. VELIKAYA

The article, based on the results of a comprehensive sociological study, examines the features of the evolution of local self-government in small and medium-sized cities of Russia during the recent reforms of local authorities related to the implementation of Federal Law No. 131, which was accompanied by changes in the organizational forms of local self-government, enlargement of municipalities, unification and transition to the model of city manager, and spread of the majority and mixed election system. The impact of these reforms on the effectiveness of managerial decisions and the attitude of the population to the local government is assessed. Special attention is paid to the analysis of expert interviews, which allow us to confirm the conclusion that the unification of local government models does not always meet the needs of local communities, and reform is often carried out in the interests of the regional political and managerial elite.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (39) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Michalina Pietrek

In Poland, it is possible to observe a lack of comprehensive solutions to the problem related to the co-existence of youth rescue organisations in the system of local security, namely: the solutions which would legalise involvement of such organisations in emergency situations and which would indicate the role that such entities could play in prevention. In the paper presented below, the Author poses the following questions: What are the contemporary challenges and expectations of youth rescue organisations? What activities in the fields of security and rescue could be developed by social rescue organisations to use their potential and to improve the level of security? It is possible to expect that the development of some particular fields of activity will contribute to the improvement in the efficiency of social organisations and the impact they have on the level of local security. It can be achieved by the promotion of pro-social behaviour in the fields of security and rescue among young people, local communities and self-government authorities to form the civil society. In order to meet challenges and expectations of youth rescue organisations, it is necessary to provide young people with broader participation in social organisations, to improve the attractiveness of such entities through systemic and financial support, along with social and education base. To provide a solution to the research problem, the Author has applied the method of a diagnostic survey in the form of expert interviews with people involved into activities undertaken by youth rescue organisations.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Wardiana Sjuchro

Democratization of broadcasting that is characterized by the diversity of ownership and diversity of content is the aspiration that stated in Law 32/2002 on Broadcasting. However, the enormous of political and business battles that follow the enactment of the broadcasting regulations have hampered its implementation in Indonesia. Now, after nearly 15 years of implementation of the Broadcasting Law in Indonesia, the time to evaluating the implementation of regulation of legislative products in the regions have arrived. Evaluations are directed more to an objective opportunities of local people to access the ownership of local television, and the impact on the content of television local to the communities. The research applied qualitative method and the data is collected by utilizing a survey to the broadcasting stakeholders in 10 areas that is determined purposively. The object of the research is local government, regional broadcasting commissions, community leaders, journalists, lecturers, and the owners of local television licensed. The results show that broadcasting regulations are relatively unworkable in the regions due to various central government policies that do not widely open the opportunities for regional people to access broadcasting licenses. This limitation also led to complaints from the region regarding the content of national television broadcasts that many harm local communities and cultures. Research respondents suggested to have more pro-regional broadcasting regulation and involving local people in the making of policies and regulations of regional broadcasting.


2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Biczkowski

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is a quantitative and structural comprehensive evaluation of LEADER projects presented in the context of local resources, which determine development opportunities. The issue has been discussed mainly from a geographical and spatial perspective. The impact of the LEADER approach on increasing the mobilisation of local communities and their use of rural resources was evaluated; as a result, this has enabled a bottom-up simulation of the development of local government units. The LEADER approach has substantially contributed to the mobilisation of local resources in rural areas (e.g. growth in the number Local Action Groups (LAGs) from 149 to 338). It was found that the involvement of LAGs had a positive impact on the activity of inhabitants (i.e. an increase in the number of initiatives undertaken, the absorption of European Union (EU) funds). The nature of the implemented projects demonstrates that LEADER combines investment actions with social projects. In general, it has been implemented more successfully in areas where investments are related to genuine needs and local resources.


Author(s):  
O. Krainyk

Problem setting. The effectiveness of local government reform in the decentralization process largely depends on the quality of territorial community management. Territorial formations differ from each other in a number of factors. This requires taking into account these peculiarities and adherence to certain principles when forming the organizational structure of management.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. An important and new approach in the formation of organizational structures of territorial community management is the use of a set of factors that reflect the characteristics of a particular community, studying the relationship between spending costs on management and the effectiveness of managerial decisions, defining approaches to management in a particular area. Of particular importance in this context is to specify the factors influencing the formation of organizational structures of territorial community management, determining the principles and criteria of management effectiveness, which should be considered when choosing an organizational structure of territorial community management. Paper main body. Decentralization of management involves the provision of quality services to the population of territorial communities. One of the most important tasks in this context is the ability to form effective local governments - to elect the head of the community and the local council, but also to effectively influence them, participate in the process of making complex decisions and feel responsible for the results of joint work.It is advisable to use a systematic approach in the formation of organizational structures for the management of the territorial community. The use of a systematic approach ensures that the specific peculiarities of the territorial community, the needs of management in a particular area and the real ability of managers and professionals to solve problems and make managerial decisions. In particular, it should be borne in mind that the choice of governance structure largely depends on the financial capabilities of the individual territorial community. The analysis of the results of the first half of 2020 showed that the costs of maintaining the administration are very different in different local communities. Based on the results of the analysis, the structure and functions of management are reviewed and, if necessary, a complete restructuring of managerial activities in the local community is carried out. It is important in the process of forming organizational structures of territorial community management to adhere to the proposed principles. In addition, public participation in local government is an important component of the success of local self-government.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Thus, when forming the organizational structure and the structure of the local council staff and its executive bodies, the foundations are laid for the possibility of future development of the territory. The formation of an effective organizational structure of management is able to ensure the improvement of the well-being and quality of life of the inhabitants of the territorial community. Further research will focus on finding approaches to improving the management of the local community, analysis of the impact of expenditures on management and the effectiveness of managerial decisions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1 (179)) ◽  
pp. 33-55
Author(s):  
Justyn Łukaszewska-Bezulska

The aim of the article is to analyse the level, forms and manifestations of cooperation and integration between the members of two ethnically diverse local communities in which there are intense international migrations. Based on individual in-depth interviews, expert interviews and observations, an attempt was made to determine to what extent international labour migrations and ethnic and cultural diversity affect the level of integration in cooperation between the actual and declarative dimensions. The aim of the article is also to determine what is the nature of the local bond, in particular the neighbourhood bond. It has been demonstrated that economic migration is an important factor influencing the level of integration and cooperation in local communities: it results in removing the migrant from his or her community of origin, thus weakening the same level of integration and cooperation between its members, but also provides an opportunity to make new, lasting and significant acquaintances, including between people from the same locality of different ethnic and cultural origin. Spatial mobility can also cause divisions between its subjects and the rest of the community. The impact of international migrations on social capital depends on the time the migrant spends outside the local community. It is not the length of stay abroad that matters, but above all the frequency of visits to the place of origin.


2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 339-356
Author(s):  
Tobias Wölfle ◽  
Oliver Schöller

Under the term “Hilfe zur Arbeit” (aid for work) the federal law of social welfare subsumes all kinds of labour disciplining instruments. First, the paper shows the historical connection of welfare and labour disciplining mechanisms in the context of different periods within capitalist development. In a second step, against the background of historical experiences, we will analyse the trends of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” during the past two decades. It will be shown that by the rise of unemployment, the impact of labour disciplining aspects of “Hilfe zur Arbeit” has increased both on the federal and on the municipal level. For this reason the leverage of the liberal paradigm would take place even in the core of social rights.


Author(s):  
Beta Asteria

This research deals with the impact of Local Tax and Retribution Receipt to Local Government Original Receipt of Regency/City in Central Java from 2008 to 2012. This research utilizes the data of actual of local government budget from Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (Direktorat Jendral Perimbangan Keuangan). Methods of collecting data through census. The number of Regency/City in Central Java are 35. But the data consists of 33 of Regency/City In Central Java from 2008 to 2012. Total of samples are 165. Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency were not included as samples of this research because they didn’t report the data of actual of local government budget to Directorate General of Fiscal Balance in 2009.The model used in this research is multiple regressions. The independent variables are Local Tax and Retribution Receipt, the dependent variable is Local Government Original Receipt. The research findings show that Local Tax and Retribution give the significant impact partially and simultaneusly on Local Government Original Receipt at real level 5 percent. All independent variables explain 91,90 percent of the revenue variability while the rest 8,10 percent is explained by other variables.Keywords: Local Tax, Retribution, and Local Government Original Receipt


e-Finanse ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Beata Zofia Filipiak ◽  
Marek Dylewski

AbstractThe purpose of the article is analysis of participatory budgets as a tool for shaping decisions of local communities on the use of public funds. The authors ask the question of whether the current practice of using the participatory budget is actually a growing trend in local government finances or, after the initial euphoria resulting from participation, society ceased to notice the real possibilities of influencing the directions of public expenditures as an opportunity to legislate public policies implemented. It is expected that the conducted research will allow us to evaluate the participatory budget and indicate whether this tool practically acts as a stimulus for changes in the scope of tasks under public policies. The authors analyzed and evaluated the announced competitions for projects as part of the procedure for elaborating participatory budgeting for selected LGUs. Then, they carried out an in-depth analysis of the data used to assess real social participation in the process of establishing social policies.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document