scholarly journals Identification of local organic soils based on cone penetration test results

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 049-056
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Straż
Keyword(s):  
Organic Soil ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
In Situ Conditions

This paper presents the results of attempts to identify organic soils on the basis of test results performed under in situ conditions by cone penetration testing (CPT). The results of 439 selected tests were analysed which reflected the behaviour of local organic soils of organic matter ranging from 6,3 to 17,4%. Crucial to soil investigation were values measured of cone resistance (qc) and sleeve friction (fs) and the friction ratio (Rf) estimated according to those values. To identify organic soils, selected criteria were used, proposed among others by: Mayne, Marr, Bergmann, Schmertmann, Capanella and Robertson [2,5]. An analysis showed that an identification of organic soil types in terms of the present classification of standards, in view of the criteria used, is ambiguous and does not allow to identify them precisely by CPT.

Cone penetration testing in snow

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo H. J. Schaap ◽  
Paul M. B. Föhn
Keyword(s):  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Resistance ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Chart Recorder ◽  
Special Cone

The application of the electric cone penetrometer test in snow has been investigated and compared with results from the ram penetrometer test, which is normally used for snow profiling and slope stability analysis. A special cone penetrometer system was built consisting of a sensitive 1 cm2 electric cone, depth transducer, and battery-operated chart recorder. The instruments were tested in April 1985 at three different locations in the Swiss Alps and the test results were compared with those of the ram penetrometer tests.The tests yielded repeatable results up to a depth of 4 m with a high resolution of different snow layers. The electric cone tests show more layers than found in the ram profile and snow pit analyses. In soft snow the ram resistances appear to be, on average, about 30% lower than cone resistance values. Recommendations are given for the future use of electric cone penetration testing in snow. Key words: snow, snowpack analysis, cone penetration test, ram penetrometer, cone resistance, ram resistance, ram number.

Is the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Useful for Arctic Site Investigation?

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian B. McCallum ◽  
Andy Barwise ◽  
Roi S. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Site Investigation ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Discussion Paper ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing

A warming Arctic provides increased opportunity for infrastructure development. Although the cone penetration test is used globally for site investigation in unfrozen soils, this discussion paper investigates the use of cone penetration testing to provide in situ data in frozen geomaterials. Historical and contemporary use of cone penetration testing in permafrost, snow, terrestrial ice and sea ice is reviewed, and work conducted across alpine, Arctic and Antarctic environs is considered. Although frozen geomaterials offer challenges to any in situ media assessment, with suitable equipment, cone penetration testing in frozen geomaterials typical of the Arctic is possible.

Cone penetration testing in stiff glacial soils using a downhole cone penetrometer

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-455
Author(s):  
Curtis R. Treen ◽  
Peter K. Robertson ◽  
David J. Woeller
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Standard Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetrometer ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Geotechnical Investigations ◽  
Drilling Rigs

Cone penetration testing (CPT) in Canada is usually performed using locally available drilling rigs. The limited pushing capacity of most drilling rigs coupled with the risk of damage to expensive cone penetrometers has tended to restrict the CPT to generally loose or soft soils. Therefore, in regions dominated by stiff glacial soils the more rugged standard penetration test (SPT) is still the most commonly used in situ test during geotechnical investigations. However, there are many limitations with the SPT with respect to interpretation and repeatability, especially the uncertainty with the energy delivered from various SPT hammer anvil systems. A downhole cone penetration test (DCPT) has been developed by modifying the equipment and procedure of the standard electric CPT. The DCPT consists of a simple, inexpensive electric cone penetrometer attached to a 1.5 m (5 ft) length of AW drill rod. The test is performed by pushing the cone 1.5 m into the base of an open borehole to produce a continuous profile of penetration resistance Qc, over the 1.5-m interval or whatever interval penetration is possible. The test incorporates the simplicity, ruggedness, and depth capability of the SPT but is able to define a near-continuous, accurate, and repeatable cone penetration resistance profile. The equipment and procedure of the DCPT is described in detail, and results from a near-continuous DCPT and an adjacent continuous CPT are presented and compared with the results obtained from an adjacent borehole with SPT. Excellent agreement was found between the results of the DCPT and the CPT. Key words : in situ, cone penetration testing, stiff soils.

Cone penetration testing in deltaic soils

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campanella ◽  
P. K. Robertson ◽  
D. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

A multichannel electric cone penetrometer was used to perform a variety of in situ tests in saturated deltaic deposits.Factors affecting the tip bearing, friction sleeve stress, and pore-water pressures and their interpretation are studied and discussed. Pore pressure measurements were essential to evaluate the in situ test results. The effect of rate of penetration is discussed and the concept of effective bearing introduced as an attempt to interpret cone bearing in undrained or partially drained soil. Field values of consolidation characteristics from pore pressure decay are compared with traditional laboratory consolidation test results on undisturbed samples.The advantages of continuous electric cone logging to evaluate soil stratigraphy are demonstrated. Field and laboratory test results are presented from a test site where stabilization was used to reduce liquefaction potential of hydraulically placed sand and silt. The importance of pore pressure measurements is demonstrated along with examples and recommendations for the location of the porous element.Keywords: static cone penetration testing, in situ testing, pore pressures, consolidation, stratigraphy, liquefaction.

scholarly journals Predicting land deformation by integrating InSAR data and cone penetration testing through machine learning techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Melika Sajadian ◽  
Ana Teixeira ◽  
Faraz S. Tehrani ◽  
Mathias Lemmens
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Soil Mechanics ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Land Deformation ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Abstract. Built environments developed on compressible soils are susceptible to land deformation. The spatio-temporal monitoring and analysis of these deformations are necessary for sustainable development of cities. Techniques such as Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) or predictions based on soil mechanics using in situ characterization, such as Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) can be used for assessing such land deformations. Despite the combined advantages of these two methods, the relationship between them has not yet been investigated. Therefore, the major objective of this study is to reconcile InSAR measurements and CPT measurements using machine learning techniques in an attempt to better predict land deformation.

Full-displacement pressuremeter testing in sand

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. O. Hughes ◽  
P. K. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
In Situ Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Expansion Phase ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Alternative Approach

An alternative approach to pressuremeter testing in sand, where the pressuremeter is pushed closed-ended, is discussed. Observations from cone penetration testing in sands are used to provide a theoretical background to the expected stress conditions around a full-displacement pressuremeter probe pushed into sand. The anticipated stress paths followed during the pressure expansion phase of the test are discussed. Data from both self-boring and full-displacement pressuremeter tests in sand are presented to support some of the suggested theoretical background. Key words: pressuremeter testing, in situ testing, sand.

Interpretation of cone penetration tests. Part I: Sand

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Robertson ◽  
R. G. Campanella
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Stress History ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Recent Developments

Significant advances have been made in recent years in research, development, interpretation, and application of cone penetration testing. The addition of pore pressure measurements during cone penetration testing has added a new dimension to the interpretation of geotechnical parameters.The cone penetration test induces complex changes in stresses and strains around the cone tip. No one has yet developed a comprehensive theoretical solution to this problem. Hence, the cone penetration test provides indices which can be correlated to soil behaviour. Therefore, the interpretation of cone penetration data is made with empirical correlations to obtain required geotechnical parameters.This paper discusses the significant recent developments in cone penetration testing and presents a summarized work guide for practicing engineers for interpretation for soil classification, and parameters for drained conditions during the test such as relative density, drained shear strength, and deformation characteristics of sand. Factors that influence the interpretation are discussed and guidelines provided. The companion paper, Part II: Clay, considers undrained conditions during the test and summarizes recent developments to interpret parameters for clay soils, such as undrained shear strength, deformation characteristics of clay, stress history, consolidation characteristics, permeability, and pore pressure. The advantages and use of the piezometer cone are discussed as a separate topic in Part II: Clay. The authors' personal experiences and current recommendations are included. Keywords: static cone penetration testing, in situ, interpretation, shear strength, modulus, density, stress history, pore pressures.

Seismic cone penetration testing in the near offshore of the MacKenzie Delta

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Campanella ◽  
P. K. Robertson ◽  
D. Gillespie ◽  
N. Laing ◽  
P J Kurfurst
Keyword(s):  
P Wave ◽  
Mackenzie Delta ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Delta Area ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Shear Wave Velocities

A study was performed in the shallow waters of the MacKenzie Delta area near Tuktoyaktuk, N.W.T., Canada, to evaluate equipment, test procedures, and techniques using a seismic cone penetrometer and operating on the landfast ice in winter. Seismic cone penetration testing was performed to determine the compressional and shear wave velocities of the subsurface sediments using a downhole technique. Several seismic sources and receivers were tested to evaluate their effectiveness. Typical results are presented and briefly discussed. Key words: downhole, seismic, P-wave, S-wave, velocity, in situ, measurement, shallow offshore, cone penetration test.

scholarly journals CONE PENETRATION TESTING AND SAMPLING OF FROZEN SOILS

Gruntovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Daniil Lagosha ◽  
◽  
Nikolay Volkov ◽  
Ivan Sokolov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Frozen Soils ◽  
Penetration Testing ◽  
Cone Penetration Testing ◽  
Permafrost Soils ◽  
First Time

The article provides the analysis of the results of the permafrost soils field and laboratory tests. The undisturbed permafrost samples were collected using cone penetration testing (CPT) equipment and MOSTAP sampler. The sampling technology using CPT equipment was applied on permafrost soils for the first time. The full scope of tests for physical properties were carried out on the collected samples. Based on the test results, several engineering-geological elements (EGE) were identified and confirmed, one of which is composed of frozen silty clay. The results of statistical data processing were compared. The data on the coefficient of variation of the values of the ultimate long-term resistivity of soils against cone penetration (characteristic of long-term strength) for the frozen EGE are presented.

scholarly journals Study of mining tailings geotechnical parameters obtained from SCPTu tests carried on dry and saturated layers

2021 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Helena P. Nierwinski ◽  
Marcelo Heidemann ◽  
Laura A. Lavalle ◽  
Bruna Sell
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Cone Penetration Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Penetration Test ◽  
Soil Behavior ◽  
Cone Penetration ◽  
Geotechnical Parameters ◽  
Saturated Layer ◽  
Laboratory Test Results

The correct interpretation of in situ and laboratory test results is an important step in the design of mining tailing containment structures. This study aims to analyze the Seismic Cone Penetration Test (SCPTu) results obtained into a mining tailing reservoir composed of two material layers: a thick-dry and a tick-saturated. It is possible to observe that in a same tailing reservoir, the CPTu test interpretation can lead to a classification of each layer as a different soil with specific behavior and properties. This condition demonstrates that tailings with intermediate permeability (10-5 m/s < k < 10-8 m/s) may present partial drainage conditions during a standard cone penetration test (CPTu) (v=20 mm/s), if saturated conditions are verified. The effects of partial drainage can affect test results, and can induce to errors in the prediction of soil behavior and geotechnical parameters. To evaluate the possible effects of partial drainage, in situ test results were compared to laboratory tests results. It was possible to verify that estimated behavior of dry layers, obtained from in situ tests results, present more similarity to the results from laboratory tests. Probably, the partial drainage effects verified through the interpretation of dissipation tests, distorted the estimated behavior of the saturated layer material.

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