scholarly journals Influence of Aging Derivatives on Properties of Natural Ester Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2597-2600 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Furanic Compounds ◽  
Paper Insulation ◽  
Transmission And Distribution ◽  
Natural Ester

Transformers are the critical component in the power system, which is used for transmission and distribution purposes. Traditionally mineral oil has been used as the liquid insulation medium in the transformer. Owing to poor bio - degradability and availability, it has been widely studied to replace mineral oil with natural ester oil. During the service period of the transformer, oil insulation and paper insulation gets degraded due to aging. This aging results in the formation of furanic compounds in the oil insulation, which will affect the performance of oil insulation and thus the transformer life. In this proposed work, an effort is made to analyze the critical parameters before and after the inclusion of an aging derivative of 2–furfuraldehyde (2-FAL). 2-FAL has been added in the proportion of 20 ppm to investigate the oil’s properties such as breakdown voltage, viscosity, flash point, fire point, and peak absorbance of the UV spectrum. It is observed that there is a lesser impact on the properties with the addition of 20ppm of 2-FAL. Hence it is suggested that the various concentration of 2-FAL may be added to check the quality of oil for further applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Moisture on the Thermal Conductivity of Cellulose and Aramid Paper Impregnated with Various Dielectric Liquids

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 4433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Dombek ◽  
Zbigniew Nadolny ◽  
Piotr Przybylek ◽  
Radoslaw Lopatkiewicz ◽  
Agnieszka Marcinkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Linear Equation ◽  
Heat Transport ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Experimental Database ◽  
Synthetic Ester ◽  
Dielectric Liquids ◽  
Paper Insulation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Ester

This paper presents the effect of the impact of moisture in paper insulation used as insulation of transformer windings on its thermal conductivity. Various types of paper (cellulose and aramid) and impregnated (mineral oil, synthetic ester, and natural ester) were tested. The impact of paper and impregnated types on the changes in thermal conductivity of paper insulation caused by an increase in moisture were analyzed. A linear equation, describing the changes in thermal conductivity due to moisture, for various types of paper and impregnated, was developed. The results of measuring the thermal conductivity of paper insulation depending on the temperature are presented. The aim of the study is to develop an experimental database to better understand the heat transport inside transformers to assess aging and optimize their performance.

Aging of Paper Insulation in Natural Ester & Mineral Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunus Biçen ◽  
Yusuf Çilliyüz ◽  
Faruk Aras ◽  
Guzide Aydugan
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Paper Insulation ◽  
Natural Ester

scholarly journals Characteristics of Natural Ester Oil Exposed with Ultrasonic Sound Waves

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Fire Point ◽  
Ultrasonic Sound ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Ester ◽  
Positive Results

In the present scenario of development towards sustainable alternate oil insulation for transformers, vegetable oils based natural esters have impressed as a potential substitute to transformer oil liquid insulation among many research people. Even though natural esters have possessed better electrical characteristics as liquid insulation, they have some drawbacks related to viscous nature, which will affect the flowing nature. This work aims to develop low viscous natural ester oil for the application as liquid insulation with exposing the natural esters to ultrasonic sound waves. Ultrasonic sound waves are exposed to natural esters for duration of 1 hour and 2 hours. The impact of ultrasonic sound waves on the viscosities of natural ester oil samples are analyzed before and after the exposure treatment process. Further other characteristics such as breakdown voltage (BDV), flash point, fire point, pour point, and density of natural ester oil samples are measured to identify the outcome of ultrasonic treatment. From this investigation results, it is found that the ultrasonic sound waves have created an positive results with reduction in the viscosity and alteration in other characteristics of natural ester oil samples

Characteristics of Mineral Oil-based Nanofluids for Power Transformer Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. H. Zakaria ◽  
M. H. Ahmad ◽  
Y. Z. Arief ◽  
N. A. Awang ◽  
N .A. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Power Transformer ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Physical Changes

Trends in the field of nanomaterial-based transformer oil show most of the conducted works have focused only on the transformer oil-based nanofluids but limited studies on the stability of transformer oil-based nanofluids. Since mineral oil-based nanofluids still can produce the sedimentation, thus the cold-atmospheric pressure plasma method is proposed to functionally modify the Silicon Dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) nanofiller in order to enhance the electrical properties of the mineral oil-based nanofluids. The AC breakdown strength oil samples before and after modification were measured. It was found that the plasma treated nanofluids have higher AC breakdown voltage compared to pure oil and untreated nanofluids. Also, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy has been used in this study to analyse the physical changes of oil samples. It is envisaged that the added silica nanofiller has significant effect on electrical properties of the transformer oil-based nanofluids which would enable to the development of an improved class of liquid dielectric for the application of power transformer.

Investigation on Voltage Breakdown of Natural Ester Oils Based-On Zno Nanofluids

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wittawat Saenkhumwong ◽  
Amnart Suksri
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Breakdown Strength ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Zno Nanofluids ◽  
Voltage Breakdown ◽  
Natural Ester

Transformer is one of the major component, which is the most important device in power system. Their lifetime depends upon liquid insulation that help transfer the heat out of its winding inside of transformer. Transformer oil uses mineral oil that is the most commonly used has very slow process on decomposition and non-biodegrade. This paper presents the investigation on breakdown voltage of two types of natural ester oils, including palm oil and soy bean based-on ZnO nanofluids. Nanofluids that use nanoparticles modified by use of surfactant that are suspended by process of sonication. Different fraction of nanoparticles were investigated from 0.1% - 0.5% by weight. The breakdown voltage were measured according to ASTM D877. The voltage breakdown strength increased significantly when nanoparticles were added in oils. The obtained results will enable transformer industry to develop liquid insulation dielectric for use in transformer in the future.

scholarly journals Study on Breakdown Voltage for Vegetable Oils With Additive TiO2

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bin Yahya ◽  
Raja Muhammad Khidir Raja Chik
Keyword(s):  
Breakdown Voltage ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Before And After

High voltage power transformers commonly used petroleum-based mineral oil for cooling and insulation purposes. Researchers are looking for suitable vegetable oils as alternatives to mineral oil to be used as transformer oil. The alternative vegetable oils are biodegradable, non-toxic and environmentally friendly. They may require some processing and modification to improve some of their properties to ascertain their safe use in power and distribution transformers as well as in high voltage equipment. This paper presents a study on the AC breakdown voltages of Palm Oil (PO) and Coconut Oil (CO) with presence of an additive. PO and CO are chosen as they are locally produced oils in Malaysia and easily obtained. The type of additive used in this study is Titanium dioxide TiO<sub>2</sub>. TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles was added into PO and CO at volume concentration of 0.1% to 0.5%. The effect of different gap distance of electrode 1.5mm, 2.5mm and 3.5mm was studied. The temperature of oil is controlled at 30<sup>o</sup>C. This paper provides a comparative assessment of breakdown properties through experimental investigation of PO and CO before and after the additive is added according to ASTM D1816 standard. From the experimental result, the PO have slightly higher breakdown voltage compared to CO. From all oil sample data recorded, it can be concluded that the breakdown voltage had increased to the increase in gap distance of electrode under presence of TiO<sub>2</sub>.

scholarly journals Applying HF and VHF/UHF Partial Discharge Detection for Distribution Transformer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakda Maneerot ◽  
Masaaki Kando ◽  
Norasage Pattanadech
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Surface Discharge ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Impregnation Process ◽  
Distribution Transformers ◽  
Insulating Liquid ◽  
Paper Insulation ◽  
Natural Ester

This paper represents application of high frequency (HF) and very high frequency/ultrahigh frequency (VHF/UHF) partial discharge (PD) detection for a distribution transformer. A capacitive sensor is used to detect the HF electric field caused by charge transfer inside oil–paper insulation due to PD at the defect site, and an electromagnetic sensor or antenna is used for detecting electromagnetic PD transients in the air outside the investigated transformer in the near-field region. Three types of artificial PD sources in air and insulating liquid, which are corona discharge, surface discharge and air void discharge in pressboard, were investigated. Three identical distribution transformers were rated at 22 kV, 400 V and 50 kVA, and were designed and constructed. The first transformer was filled with mineral oil, the second was filled with natural ester and the third was filled with palm oil. The PD generated by the air-filled voids in the insulating papers and pressboards of these transformers with five different conditions were investigated, i.e., non-impregnated paper, impregnated paper for 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours and 12 hours. The impregnation process was done with 65°C liquid temperature, and the pressure in the oven was around 5 mbar. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the electromagnetic PD transients radiated from the corona discharge of both high-voltage (HV) and low-voltage sides in the air are in the VHF range, and surface discharge frequency is extended up to the UHF range. For the PD in the insulating liquid, the phase resolved PD (PRPD) pattern in the HF range is a valuable tool to characterize the PD sources. The PD in an air-filled void inside the insulating paper of the mineral oil transformer is obviously different compared with those of the natural ester transformer and the palm oil transformer. For the manufacturing of distribution transformers in this research, it is found that after the paper insulation is dried out, the impregnation process for a period of 9 hours is suitable for improving the oil–paper insulation with an acceptable PD level. This paper is the cross-field application by applying the antenna and communication theory for detecting the discharge problems in HV equipment.

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