scholarly journals Assessment of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration Frequency in Opencast Coal Mine: a Multivariate Statistical Regression Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 3233-3237
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Vibration Frequency ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Charge Hole ◽  
Statistical Regression ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Safe Level

The blasting is a useful technique to explore and extract the mineral resources. It gives desired output with several negative impacts in surrounding mining areas. The ground vibration is one of the most concern phenomena produced by blasting. The peak particle velocity and frequency assess the seismic hazard, risk, and the human discomfort. Frequency plays a key role to define the damage criteria limits and human discomfort. The frequency of blast-induced ground vibration depends mainly on amount of explosive, characteristic properties of rock mass and distance etc. A total number of 32 datasets have been recorded in the form of velocity components and corresponding frequencies such as; Radial, Vertical, and Transverse at an opencast mine ‘A’ located in Chhattisgarh. The Indian Standard developed the safe level of peak particle velocity at frequency range (<8Hz, 8Hz - 25Hz, >25Hz) for the various types of structures close to mine. An attempt has been made to establish the relationship among parameters such as; burden, spacing, stemming, charge, hole depth, hole diameters and distance, etc. by multivariate statistical regression analysis (MVSRA) for the prediction of ground vibration frequency. The Coefficient of Determinate (CoD) between measured and predicted frequencies has also been studied.

scholarly journals Effective Assessment of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration Using an Optimized Random Forest Model Based on a Harris Hawks Optimization Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Yu ◽  
Xiuzhi Shi ◽  
Jian Zhou ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Xianyang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Input Variables

Most mines choose the drilling and blasting method which has the characteristics of being a cheap and efficient method to fragment rock mass, but blast-induced ground vibration damages the surrounding rock mass and structure and is a drawback. To predict, analyze and control the blast-induced ground vibration, the random forest (RF) model, Harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm and Monte Carlo simulation approach were utilized. A database consisting of 137 datasets was collected at different locations around the Tonglvshan open-cast mine, China. Seven variables were selected and collected as the input variables, and peak particle velocity was chosen as the output variable. At first, an RF model and a hybrid model, namely a HHO-RF model, were developed, and the prediction results checked by 3 performance indices to show that the proposed HHO-RF model can provide higher prediction performance. Then blast-induced ground vibration was simulated by using the Monte Carlo simulation approach and the developed HHO-RF model. After analyzing, the mean peak particle velocity value was 0.98 cm/s, and the peak particle velocity value did not exceed 1.95 cm/s with a probability of 90%. The research results of this study provided a simple, accurate method and basis for predicting, evaluating blast-induced ground vibration and optimizing the blast design before blast operation.

scholarly journals Indirect Determination Approach of Blast-Induced Ground Vibration Based on a Hybrid SSA-Optimized GP-Based Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Zhaoxin Jiang ◽  
Hongyan Xu ◽  
Hui Chen ◽  
Bei Gao ◽  
Shijie Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Indirect Determination ◽  
Bench Height ◽  
Gp Model

The accurate determination of blast-induced ground vibration has an important significance in protecting human activities and the surrounding environment. For evaluating the peak particle velocity resulting from the quarry blast, a robust artificial intelligence system combined with the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) and Gaussian process (GP) was proposed, and the SSA was used to find the optimal hyperparameters of the GP here. In this regard, 88 datasets with 9 variables including the ratio of bench height to burden (H/B) and the ratio of spacing to burden (S/B) were selected as the input variables, while peak particle velocity (PPV) was measured. Then, an ANN model, an SVR model, a GP model, an SSA-GP model, and three empirical models were established, and the predictive performance was evaluated by using the root-mean-square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2), value account for (VAF), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Schwarz Bayesian Criterion (SBC), and the run time. After comparing, it is found that the proposed SSA-GP yielded a superior performance and the ratio of bench height to burden (H/B) was the most sensitive variable.

scholarly journals EVALUASI GETARAN PELEDAKAN OVERBURDEN BERDASARKAN POWDER FACTOR PADA PT BINA SARANA SUKSES

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliana Yuliana ◽  
Nurhakim Nurhakim ◽  
Riswan Riswan ◽  
Ferdinandus Ferdinandus ◽  
Kartini Kartini
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Scaled Distance ◽  
Powder Factor

PT Bina Sarana Sukses merupakan perusahaan kontraktor tambang batubara yang bekerja melayani produksi batubara dan overburden untuk PT Antang Gunung Meratus. Salah satu kegiatan penambangan adalah pengupasan lapisan penutup dengan cara pemboran dan peledakan. Geometri peledakan yang digunakan di perusahaan yaitu burden 8 m x spasi 9 m dengan kedalaman lubang maksimal 9 m dengan arah pemboran vertikal dan pola  pemboran  staggered  pattern. Pada Pit Warute dilakukan peledakan dengan metode nonel, sedangkan pola peledakan yang digunakan echelon, boxcut dan v-cut. Letak Pit Warute dekat dengan office, sehingga isian bahan peledaknya dibatasi sesuai jarak tersebut agar getaran yang dihasilkan tidak mencapai 2 mm/s.Meteode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menganalisa  faktor – faktor yang mempengarahui ground vibration, seperti : jarak pengukuran dari titik pengukuran, jumlah isian bahan peledak, dan kondisi alat. Adapun  analisa  hubungan antara Peak Particle Velocity terhadap Powder Factor yaitu, Setelah dikelompokkan dengan parameter isian bahan peledak per lubang yaitu 100 kg , dan scaled distance yang sama sebesar 60, parameter yang digunakan adalah peak particle velocity 1,51 mm/s dengan powder factor 0,16 kg/m3, peak particle velocity 2,26 mm/s dengan powder factor 0,18 kg/m3 dan peak particle velocity 3,43 mm/s dengan powder factor 0,23 kg/m3.Maka didapatkan hasil analisa yaitu semakin kecil powder factor, maka nilai peak particle velocitynya juga cenderung kecil. Sedangkan semakin besar nilai powder factor yang digunakan, maka nilai peak particle velocitynya juga cenderung semakin besar. Hal ini dikarenakan tiap geometri peledakan memiliki perbedaan kedalaman lubang ledak, jumlah lubang dan isian bahan peledak yang berbeda. Namun, ada 2 pengamatan yang nilai peak particle velocity melampaui batas yang ditetapkan perusahaan yaitu sebesar 2 mm/s yaitu pada nilai PPV 2,26 mm/s dan 3,43 mm/s. Dengan  powder factor  tidak boleh melebihi 0,17 kg/m3. Kata Kunci : Ground Vibration, Jarak, , Peak Particle Velocity, Peledakan, Powder Factor

scholarly journals ANALISIS GROUND VIBRATION PADA PEMBONGKARAN OVERBURDEN TERHADAP PERMUKIMAN PENDUDUK DI PIT PARINGIN PT BUKIT MAKMUR MANDIRI UTAMA JOBSITE PT ADARO INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zaidan ◽  
Nurhakim Nurhakim ◽  
Riswan Riswan ◽  
Mayati Isabella
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Scaled Distance ◽  
M 10 ◽  
Air Deck

Kegiatan peledakan yang dilakukan oleh PT Bukit Makmur Mandiri utama (BUMA) memegang peranan penting dalam kemajuan produksi tambang pada Pit Paringin, namun Pit Paringin memiliki jarak yang dekat dengan daerah kritis (permukiman penduduk) sehingga harus melakukan kontrol terhadap isian bahan peledak agar tingkat ground vibration yang dihasilkan tidak terlalu besar sesuai batas tingkat  ground vibration yang ditetapkan PT Adaro Indonesia di daerah kritis yang tidak boleh lebih dari sama dengan 2 mm/s.Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ground vibration dan melakukan analisis scaled distance melalui software Blastware 10 untuk mendapatkan rumus scaled distance yang akan digunakan untuk memprediksi isian bahan peledak maksimal per lubang dengan variasi jarak aman agar tingkat ground vibration tidak melebihi batas maksimal ketetapan yaitu 1.99 mm/s.Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat ground vibration yaitu jarak pengukuran, isian bahan peledak, metode decking, pola peledakan, diameter lubang ledak, burden dan spasi, serta elevasi lokasi peledakan. Hasil prediksi isian bahan peledak maksimal per lubang lokasi Low Wall metode Double Deck geometri 7 m x  8 m jarak terdekat 800 m terhadap permukiman penduduk yaitu sebesar 25 kg dan jarak terjauh 1130 m terhadap permukiman penduduk yaitu sebesar 49 kg, lokasi High Wall metode Single Deck geometri 8 m x 9 m, 9 m x 10 m, 10 m x 11,5 m jarak terdekat 800 m yaitu sebesar 46 kg, geometri 8 m x 9 m jarak terjauh 1120 m yaitu sebesar 90 kg, geometri 9 m x 10 m jarak terjauh 1210 m yaitu 104 kg, geometri 10 m x 11,5 m jarak terjauh 1150 m yaitu sebesar 94 kg, serta lokasi untuk High Wall metode Air Deck geometri 8 m x 9 m, 9 m x 10 m, 10 m x 11,5 m jarak terdekat 800 m yaitu sebesar 46 kg, geometri 8 m x 9 m jarak terjauh 1180 m yaitu sebesar 99 kg, geometri 9 m x 10 m jarak terjauh 1210 m yaitu sebesar 104 kg, geometri 10 m x 11,5 m jarak terjauh 1230 m yaitu sebesar 108 kg dengan nilai koreksi untuk prediksi isian bahan peledak lokasi Low Wall sebesar + 5 kg dan lokasi High Wall sebesar + 4 kg. Kata Kunci : Air Deck, Blasting, Ground Vibration, Peak Particle Velocity, Scaled Distance

scholarly journals Analysis of Blast Induced Ground Vibration under Varying Controlled Blasting Parameter

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 3171-3175
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Inverse Relation ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Vector Sum

Mining activity plays a major role for economic development of any nation. The drilling and blasting are the two key operations in the mining industry. The execution of these operations generates some disturbances to the environment, like noise and vibration. Blasting is the process of reducing large rock mass into the smaller fragments for our convinces of further processing. In this study the blast induced vibrations are monitored in the form of peak particle velocity (PPV) for the different cases of varying hole spacing. In this study, the PPV was measured for the three different directions, namely, transitional, vertical and longitudinal and it was observed that the PPV for in transitional direction is decreasing with the increment in the hole spacing between two consecutive rows. Further, it was observed that peak vector sum (PVS) having an inverse relation with the hole spacing

scholarly journals ANALISIS GROUND VIBRATION AKIBAT LEDAKAN PADA TAMBANG NIKEL DI PT. VALE INDONESIA, TBK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Al'Faizah Ma'rief
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Scaled Distance ◽  
Powder Factor ◽  
Waste Energy

Ground vibration adalah gelombang yang bergerak di dalam tanah yang bersumber dari suatu energi yang berasal dari alam dan adanya aktivitas peledakan yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Selama ini ground vibration dianggap sebagai waste energy yang dapat merusak dan menjadi isu terhadap lingkungan di sekitar area tambang. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh jumah bahan peledak yang digunakan terhadap ground vibration yang dihasilkan dan perbandingan akurasi ground vibration aktual dan prediksi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pengambilan data langsung dari lapangan berupa pengukuran burden, spacing, ke dalam lubang ledak kemudian dihitung berdasarkan persamaan R.L. Ash sehimgga memperoleh nilai powder factor (PF), banyaknya penggunaan bahan peledak dan berat isian bahan peledak. Pengambilan data jarak lokasi, perhitungan scaled distance (SD), kostanta (K) dan perhitungan peak particle velocity (PPV) menggunakan rumus USBM Oriard ' sehingga memperoleh nilai PPV prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ground vibration sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah bahan peledak yang digunakan untuk PF 0,11 dengan jumlah muatan 933 kg nilai PPV yang dihasilkan 1,28 mm/s sedangkan untuk PF 0,28 dengan jumlah muatan 2182 kg nilai PPV yang dihasilkan 4,62 mm/s, Jadi semakin besar jumlah bahan peledak yang digunakan maka intensitas ground vibration yang dihasilkan akan semakin meningkat. Perbandingan akurasi ground vibration aktual dan prediksi diperoleh persentase rata – rata 1,32%.

scholarly journals ANALISIS GROUND VIBRATION DENGAN METODE PEAK PARTICLE VELOCITY (PPV)

Faktor Exacta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Hari Hadi S ◽  
Erna Kusuma Wati ◽  
Tomas Kristiono
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Front End ◽  
Pile Driver ◽  
Heavy Equipment ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Safe Condition

<p><em>Measurement of Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) mm / sec in the Sabo dam construction project was carried out using seismic accelerometers. This study is to determine the value of PPV produced by construction equipment and then compared with the BS 6472-2: 2008 standard. The measurement method is carried out based on the applicable rules. PPV measurement results produced by each machine are different. In heavy equipment dump trucks, excavators, and front end loaders show PPV values at distances of 50 m, 100 m, 150 m and 200 m under safe conditions referring to the standard which is still in the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm / sec. while for the pile driving device, demolition, vibrator pile driver at a distance of 50 meters are in unsafe conditions, because more than the range of 0.2 - 0.4 mm / sec, but at a distance of 100, 150, and 200 m PPV values are at safe condition</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p>Key words<strong>: </strong><em>PPV, Ground Vibration, Dam sabo</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

scholarly journals KAJIAN AMBANG BATAS GETARAN PELEDAKAN DI AREAL DESA SEKITAR TAMBANG BATUBARA DENGAN METODE SCALE DISTANCE ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Eko Santoso ◽  
Sari Melati ◽  
Muhammad Fiqri Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Distance Analysis

Getaran tanah merupakan bagian dari output operasi peledakan pada lingkungan. Ketika getaran tanah berada pada level yang tinggi, dapat menyebabkan gangguan pada manusia, ketidaknyamanan dan bahkan menyebabkan pada struktur bangunan di sekitarnya. Mengingat dekatnya jarak dari lokasi peledakan ke daerah pemukiman warga (zona crissis) yang berjarak sekitar ±1000 m. Berdasarkan kondisi lapangan yang terjadi pada bulan Agustus 2019 - Desember 2019 dimana tercatat ground vibration terbesar 3,06 mm/s. Kepmen LH No. 49 Tahun 1996 dan SNI 7571:2010 tentang Baku Tingkat Getaran Kejut menyebutkan batasan kecepatan getaran terhadap lingkungan sekitar yang berpengaruh terhadap keutuhan bangunan. Rekomendasi tersebut sebagai acuan penelitian untuk mengevaluasi nilai getaran tanah yang dihasilkan kegiatan peledakan tambang terbuka. Penulis melakukan evaluasi dari data hasil pengukuran ground vibration aktual berdasarkan pendekatan Teori Peak Particle Velocity yang dihubungkan dengan regresi power untuk memperoleh rumusan prediksi ground vibration, yang kedepannya bisa dijadikan acuan untuk menetukan jumlah isian bahan peledak agar ground vibration yang terjadi tidak melebihi batas aman. Hasil prediksi rumusan ground vibration pada jarak 900 m sampai 1500 m yang diperoleh nilai Peak Particle Velocity ≤ 1,5 mm/s menurut U.S Bureau Of Mines dengan isian bahan peledak maksimum 244,14 kg dimana nilai k = 698.54 dan β = -1.47, menurut Ambraseys-Hendorn dimana nilai k = 5787.19 dan β = -1.609 denagn isian bahan peledak maskimum 207,17 kg , sedangkan menurut Langefors Kihlstrom nilai k dan β yang dieproleh 101.46 dan 1.75 dengan isian bahan peledak maksimum 221.28 kg. Rumusan prediksi ini cukup baik dan dapat digunakan sebagai acuan prediksi getaran tanah agar dampak dari kegiatan peledakan terhadap lingkungan sekitar aman. Kata Kunci: Peledakan, Getaran Tanah, Peak Particle Velocity, Regresi Power

scholarly journals Empirical Model of Ground-Borne Vibration Induced by Freight Railway Traffic

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairul Afzan Mohd Lazi ◽  
Muhammad Akram Adnan ◽  
Norliana Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Velocity ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Ground Vibration ◽  
Peak Particle Velocity ◽  
Vibration Velocity ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
Correlated Parameters

Developing an empirical model that can predict ground-borne vibration is required in the modelling process using actual data of ground vibration velocity induced by train traffic collected from sites. In the preliminary and mitigation planning stages of the project, the empirical models developed are expected to predict the ground-borne vibration velocity due to rail traffic. The findings of this research are expected to provide a new perspective for railway planners and designers to improve the national design to improve the quality of life for the residents living close to the rail tracks. This research study firmly fills the information gap towards a fundamental understanding of ground-borne vibration in numerous areas of learning regarding the condition of train operation. This study has developed a prediction model of regression to forecast the peak particle velocity of ground-borne vibration from freight trains based on correlated and fixed parameters. The models developed have considered a few parameters obtained from sites using minimal or without tools altogether. Speed of trains and distance of receivers from the sources were the only significant parameters found in this study and used to simplify the empirical model. Type of soil, which is soft soil, and type of train, which is freight train, were the fixed parameters for this study. The data collected were measured along the ground rail tracks involving human-operated freight trains. Residents from the landed residential areas near the railway tracks were chosen as the receivers. Finally, the peak particle velocity models have been successfully developed, and validation analysis was conducted. The model can be used by authorities in the upcoming plan for the new rail routes based on similar fixed parameters with correlated parameters from the study.

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