scholarly journals Kinetic Analysis on Decomposition of Pentaerythrityl Tetranitrate under Influence of Thiols

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1901-1907
Author(s):  
Marvel Reuben Suwitono ◽  
R.E Kartasasmita ◽  
J.S Pamudji ◽  
S. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Nitrate Tolerance ◽  
Organic Nitrate ◽  
Chromatographic System ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Thiol Compounds

Pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate compound used in the therapy asgeneral vasodilator in the treatment of angina pectoris. PETN acts as prodrug for nitric oxideas active component. However, in clinical association, it is known a decreased ability oforganic nitrate to do chemical reduction, which is metabolic tolerance, by upregulation inendogenic thiol system. It has been proved that supplementation of thiol is able to overcometolerance to nitrate, nevertheless there is no comprehensive reports on interaction betweenorganic nitrate and thiol compounds. The goal of this research is to study decompositionreaction kinetic of PETN under influence N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and thiosalicylic acid(TSA) as thiol compounds, in the physiological condition. PETN as tracing compound weremonitored by chromatographic system, with ratio of thiols used was equal, doubled, fivetimes, and ten times folds. Data were analyzed kinetically by using math equation for reactionorder 1, 2, and composite order 1 (equivalence). The result showed the linearity values onkinetic derivative, where correlation coefficient, r, is higher than 0.9 (r ≥ 0.9) for compositeorder 1. The result will give scientific contribution about tolerance phenomena in organicnitrate, particularly in the role of thiol compound to overcome nitrate tolerance.

Understanding the role of Inflammasome in Angina Pectoris

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishita Sharma ◽  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Simona Bungau ◽  
Monika Sachdeva ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Cell Death Process ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Species Production ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract:: Angina pectoris, associated with coronary artery disease, a cardiovascular disease where, pain is caused by adverse oxygen supply in myocardium, resulting in contractility and discomfort in chest. Inflammasomes, triggered by stimuli due to infection and cellular stress have identified to play a vital role in the progression of cardiovascular disorders and thus, causing various symptoms like angina pectoris. Nlrp3 inflammasome, a key contributor in the pathogenesis of angina pectoris, requires activation and primary signaling for the commencement of inflammation. Nlrp3 inflammasome elicit out an inflammatory response by emission of pro inflammatory cytokines by ROS (reactive oxygen species) production, mobilization of K+ efflux and Ca2+ and by activation of lysosome destabilization that eventually causes pyroptosis, a programmed cell death process. Thus, inflammasome are considered to be one of the factors involved in the progression of coronary artery diseases and have an intricate role in development of angina pectoris.

scholarly journals Stimulation of 5-lipoxygenase activity under conditions which promote lipid peroxidation

1989 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Riendeau ◽  
D Denis ◽  
L Y Choo ◽  
D J Nathaniel
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Lipoxygenase Activity ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Thiol Compounds ◽  
Stimulation Of

The characteristics of hydroperoxide activation of 5-lipoxygenase were examined in the high speed supernatant fraction prepared from rat polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Stimulation of 5-lipoxygenase activity by the 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) reaction product was strongly dependent on the presence of thiol compounds. Various reducing agents such as mercaptoethanol and glutathione (0.5-2 mM) inhibited the reaction and increased the concentrations of 5-HPETE (1-10 microM) necessary to achieve maximal arachidonic acid oxidation. The requirement for 5-HPETE was not specific and could be replaced by H2O2 (10 microM) but not by the 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) analogue. Furthermore, gel filtration chromatography of the soluble extract from leukocytes resolved different fractions which can increase the hydroperoxide dependence or fully replace the stimulation by 5-HPETE. Maximal activity of the 5-HPETE-stimulated reaction required Ca2+ ions (0.2-1 mM) and ATP with the elimination of the HPETE requirement at high ATP concentrations (2-4 mM). In addition, NADPH (1-2 mM), FAD (1 mM), Fe2+ ions (20-100 microM) and chelated Fe3+ (0.1 mM-EDTA/0.1 mM-FeCl3) all markedly increased product formation by 5-lipoxygenase whereas NADH (1 mM) was inhibitory and Fe3+ (20-100 microM) alone had no effect on the reaction. The stimulation by Fe2+ ions and NADPH was also observed under various conditions which increase the hydroperoxide dependence such as pretreatment of the enzyme preparation with glutathione peroxidase or chemical reduction with 0.015% NaBH4. These results provide evidence for an hydroperoxide activation of 5-lipoxygenase which is not product-specific and is modulated by thiol levels and several soluble components of the leukocytes. They also indicate that stimulation of 5-lipoxygenase activity can contribute to increase lipid peroxidation in iron and nucleotide-promoted reactions.

DIFFERENTIATION OF ESOPHAGEAL PAIN FROM ANGINA PECTORIS: ROLE OF THE ESOPHAGEAL ACID PERFUSION TEST

Medicine ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIONEL M. BERNSTEIN ◽  
ROBERT C. FRUIN ◽  
RALPH PACINI
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Acid Perfusion ◽  
Acid Perfusion Test

Role of gastric distention in angina pectoris

1963 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adan Nigaglioni ◽  
David Finkelstein ◽  
Henry L. Bockus
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Gastric Distention

Continuous Oral N-Acetycycsteine Treatment and Development of Nitrate Tolerance in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris

1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 889-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
S$oSren Boesgaard ◽  
Jan Aldershvile ◽  
Flemming Pedersen ◽  
Adrian Pietersen ◽  
Jan Kyst Madsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angina Pectoris ◽  
Stable Angina ◽  
Nitrate Tolerance ◽  
Stable Angina Pectoris

scholarly journals Harbinger of storm: influence of Oliver Sacks on levodopa therapy in early 1970s

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 687-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Lopes dos Santos-Lobato ◽  
Vitor Tumas
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Levodopa Therapy ◽  
Scientific Contribution

ABSTRACT Most known by his literary ability, the words of the neurologist Oliver Sacks (1933-2015) also had an impact on scientific community about the role of levodopa on parkinsonisms. Different from the most authors and based on his experience described on the book “Awakenings”, he had a pessimistic opinion about levodopa, which was related on many articles written by himself and colleagues in early 1970s. We reviewed the scientific contribution of Oliver Sacks associated to levodopa therapy on parkinsonisms, and how he advised caution with its complications before the majority of physicians.

scholarly journals Small and Medium Enterprises: Importance for the Kosovo Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
Afrim Loku ◽  
Nadire Loku ◽  
Naim Baftiu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Scientific Contribution ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Economies

This study aims to broaden the understanding of the importance of SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) for the economy of Kosovo, especially in terms of economic development, labor market and innovation. The study was conducted through analysis of documentary sources such as relevant reports of national and international institutions as well as relevant scientific papers. The scientific contribution of this study is theoretical and aims to help researchers of the field for an expanded understanding of SMEs over national economies. This study provides a concise framework of important elements on the economic impact of SMEs on Kosovo's economy. Examination of available data has shown that the SME sector plays a crucial role for the Kosovo economy. The key role of SMEs was emphasized in terms of overall value generated and the labor market while innovation remains a challenge to be addressed by stakeholders

Role of endogenous hydrogen peroxide in the development of nitrate tolerance

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivas Ghatta ◽  
Ross B. Hemmer ◽  
Saritha Uppala ◽  
Stephen T. O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Nitrate Tolerance

New horizon in the treatment of sepsis: a systematic review of alternative medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Mousavi ◽  
Alireza Ghannadi ◽  
Mohsen Meidani
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Active Component ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Mesh Term ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Sepsis Mortality ◽  
Human Sepsis ◽  
Natural Remedies

AbstractBackgroundDespite great advancement in treatment of sepsis, mortality of sepsis remains unacceptably high, even with the modern antibiotic and intensive care technologies. Considering the key role of immune dysfunction in sepsis pathophysiology, different treatments were evaluated, but failed to improve survival of patients. Natural remedies have been tested in various studies to overcome sepsis. In this study, we aim to review some of the evidence from clinical,MethodsThe following databases were searched up to March 2014: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid and Google Scholar using combination of Mesh term. AllResultsOut of 95 relevant studies, the inclusion criteria were met for 79 cases. Among them, 18 studies were performed on humans. The most herbal medicine, includingConclusionsModulation of immune system, anti-inflammatory activities and improvement of survival were the action of herbal medicine. A monovalent approach is not enough for treatment of sepsis, we recommend further studies to identify active component of herbal and use them in combination. Also an animal model of sepsis does not exactly mimic human sepsis, so more clinical studies should be performed. With no new drug on the horizon, herbal medicine will be promising for treatment of sepsis.

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