scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF GARLIC AND PROPOLIS EXTRACTS AGAINST CANDIDAALBICANS WITH AMPHOTERICIN-B AS CONTROL - AN IN-VITRO STUDY.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Annaji Sreedhar ◽  
Haritha T. V ◽  
Radhika. B* ◽  
Sreedevi Keeneri ◽  
Amit Walvekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Periodontitis Patient ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Introduction: -Oral candidiasis is an infection of oral cavity caused by an over growth of candida species. The proportions of yeast in the periodontal pockets are similar to some of periodontal bacteria, thus suggesting the possible role of Candida species in pathogenesis of periodontal pocket. The plant extract such as garlic and propolis, contain bioactive components which act against these organisms with no or less side effects than by the conventional antibiotics. Objectives: - To evaluate the efficacy of garlic and propolis extracts against candida albicans and compare it with Amphotericin-B as control at 3 different concentrations Methodology: - Subgingival plaque samples were collected and selectively cultivated for candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of propolis and garlic was assessed and compared with Amphotericin-B. Conclusion: Garlic extract can be used as a potent agent in the eradication of candida albicans in chronic periodontitis patient.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF GARLIC AND PROPOLIS EXTRACTS AGAINST CANDIDAALBICANS WITH AMPHOTERICIN-B AS CONTROL - AN IN-VITRO STUDY.

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Annaji Sreedhar ◽  
Haritha T. V ◽  
Radhika. B* ◽  
Sreedevi Keeneri ◽  
Amit Walvekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Periodontitis Patient ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Introduction: -Oral candidiasis is an infection of oral cavity caused by an over growth of candida species. The proportions of yeast in the periodontal pockets are similar to some of periodontal bacteria, thus suggesting the possible role of Candida species in pathogenesis of periodontal pocket. The plant extract such as garlic and propolis, contain bioactive components which act against these organisms with no or less side effects than by the conventional antibiotics. Objectives: - To evaluate the efficacy of garlic and propolis extracts against candida albicans and compare it with Amphotericin-B as control at 3 different concentrations Methodology: - Subgingival plaque samples were collected and selectively cultivated for candida albicans. The antimicrobial activity of propolis and garlic was assessed and compared with Amphotericin-B. Conclusion: Garlic extract can be used as a potent agent in the eradication of candida albicans in chronic periodontitis patient.

scholarly journals In vitro kill curves of a new semisynthetic echinocandin, LY-303366, against fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant Candida species.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2576-2578 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Karlowsky ◽  
G A Harding ◽  
S A Zelenitsky ◽  
D J Hoban ◽  
A Kabani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Clinical Isolates

In vitro killing by a new semisynthetic echinocandin, LY-303366, was characterized using clinical isolates of fluconazole-sensitive (Y58) and -resistant (Y180) Candida albicans as well as Candida glabrata (Y7) and Candida krusei (Y171). The 24-h kill curves for Y58 and Y180 demonstrated dose-independent killing of between 1 and 2 log10 with LY-303366 at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 50, 100, and 1,000 times the MIC. Regrowth did not occur at 24 h with either C. albicans isolate at the aforementioned LY-303366 concentrations. At their MICs, LY-303366 and amphotericin B produced similar killing kinetics in cultures of Y58, Y180, Y7, and Y171, while all cultures exposed to fluconazole at its MIC demonstrated stasis or growth over 24 h.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabha Shakya ◽  
Deshraj Jain ◽  
Tripty Rahangdale
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Degree Of Contamination ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

ABSTRACT Purpose Denture-related stomatitis is probably the most common form of oral candidiasis and its reported prevalence varies widely ranging up to 65%. In this in vitro study, we evaluate the effect of delmopinol application on Candida albicans adherence on heat-cured acrylic resin, cold-cured acrylic resin and microwave-cured acrylic resin. Materials and methods A total of 40 specimens of each type of acrylic resin were made; 20 specimens of each type were contaminated before delmopinol treatment and 20 specimens were contaminated after delmopinol treatment. The each specimen in each tube was individually transferred to a spectrophotometer at 530 nm wavelength in order to measure the turbidity degree, through the transmittance. Aliquots of 10 μl of each tube was then collected and inoculated into agar Sabouraud plates containing 500 mmol/l of sucrose, which was incubated for 24 hours at 37oC, in order to check microbial growth. Two-way ANOVA analysis of variance test and posthoc Turkey's test were carried out to ascertain the level of significance (p < 0.001) of various observations. Results Mean of the turbidity degree of contamination after delmopinol application for heat-cured acrylic resin specimens (A1) 1440.80, colony forming units (CFU) (⨯106/ml), cold-cured acrylic resin specimens (B1) 833.30 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C1) 944.70 CFU (⨯106/ml) was significantly higher than the mean of the turbidity degree of contamination before delmopinol application for heatcured acrylic resin specimens (A2) 550.85 CFU (⨯106/ml), coldcured acrylic resin specimens (B2) 341.45 CFU (⨯106/ml) and microwave-cured acrylic resin specimens (C2) 451.50 CFU (⨯106/ml). Conclusion In case of contamination after delmopinol application, heat-cured acrylic resin showed maximum reduction in adherence of C. albicans in the study. How to cite this article Shakya P, Jain D, Rahangdale T. Evaluation and Comparison of Effect of Delmopinol Application on Adherence of Candida albicans on Denture Fitting Surface on Three Types of Acrylic Resin: An in vitro Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(4):129-135.

In vitro interaction between amphotericin B and azoles in Candida albicans.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2511-2516 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Vazquez ◽  
M T Arganoza ◽  
J K Vaishampayan ◽  
R A Akins
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance

The use of azole prophylaxis as a measure to prevent invasive fungal infections in high-risk patients is increasing and is now the standard of care in many institutions. Previous studies disagree on whether preexposure of Candida albicans to azoles affects their subsequent susceptibility to amphotericin B (AmB). The present in vitro study indicates that azole exposure generates a subpopulation of cells that are not affected by subsequent exposure to AmB. These cells that are phenotypically resistant to AmB tolerated by most cells not exposed to azole. The percentage of cells that convert to phenotypic resistance to AmB varies with the concentration and the azole. Itraconazole is more effective than fluconazole in generating cells that are phenotypically resistant to AmB and that tolerate an otherwise lethal transient exposure to AmB. Until cells that are not exposed to fluconazole are simultaneously challenged with AmB, they are not protected to a significant extent from killing by AmB. Cells that are challenged with continuous exposure to AmB also acquire phenotypic resistance to AmB at increased frequencies by azole preexposure, but this requires that the azole be continuously present during incubation with AmB. In addition, Candida cells taken from mature colonies that are not actively growing are not susceptible to the short-term killing effects of AmB without azole preexposure. The adaptive responses of C. albicans to AmB and potentially other antifungal agents that may result from prior exposure to azoles in vitro or potentially in microenvironments in vivo that induce physiological changes may have major clinical implications.

scholarly journals In vitro susceptibility testing of Candida species isolated from blood stream infections to five conventional antifungal drugs

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Mahdis Hosein Khezri ◽  
Farideh Zaini ◽  
Parivash Kordbache ◽  
Mohammad Ghahri ◽  
Pegah Ardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Candida Species ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
Dose Dependent

Candida is an opportunistic fungal pathogen which can cause fatal bloodstream infections (BSIs) in immunocompromised and immunodeficient persons. In this study, the susceptibility of 196 Candida species isolated from bloodstream infections (BSI) to 5 antifungal drugs were conducted from October 2014 through October 2017. The antifungal drugs used in this study were including fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, Amphotericin B and Caspofungin. From 196 studied isolates, Candida albicans comprised 63.3% of the isolates, followed by C.parapsilosis (18.9 %), C. glabrata (8.7%), C. tropicalis (6.1%), C.krusei (2%) and C.gillermundii (1%). In this study, all isolates of Candida albicans and Candida non-albicans species were completely resistant to voriconazole and itraconazole. Of the 196 Candida isolates, 80 isolates with MIC of 32-16 μg/ml had a dose dependent susceptibility to fluconazole and 111 isolates showed resistance (MIC=64 μg / ml) and only 5 isolates were sensitive (MIC=8 μg / ml) to fluconazole. In this study, out of 196 isolates, 37 isolates were sensitive to amphotericin (MIC=1 μg/ml) and 159 isolates were resistant to amphotericin B (MIC>1 μg/ml). Caspofungin was effective on 104 isolates (MIC<2 μg/ml) and 92 isolates were non-susceptible (MIC>2 μg / ml) to this drug. Out of 124 isolates of Candida albicans, 3 were susceptible, 61 susceptible dose dependent and 60 were resistant to fluconazole. Only 24 isolates were susceptible to amphotericin B and 100 isolates showed resistance to this antifungal drug. Eighty-eight isolates were sensitive to caspofungin and 36 isolates were insensitive. With respect to susceptibility to fluconazole, among 37 isolates of Candida parapsilosis, one was identified as susceptible, 13 isolates were susceptible dose dependent and 13 were resistant. Of these isolates, five were susceptible and 32 isolates were resistant to amphotericin B and caspofungin. Of 12 isolates of Candida tropicalis, 11 showed resistance and 1 was susceptible dose dependent to fluconazole. Of these isolates, 11 were resistant to amphotericin B and 1 isolate was sensitive. Ultimately, only 2 isolates showed susceptibility to caspofungin. Out of 17 isolates of Candida glabrata, 13 isolates were resistant, and 4 isolates had a dose-dependent sensitivity to fluconazole. Eight isolates were susceptible and 9 isolates were resistant to caspofungin. Seven isolates were susceptible and 10 isolates were resistant to amphotericin B. All four Candida krusei isolates showed resistance to the five drugs used in the study. Of the two Candida guilliermondii isolates, both were resistant to amphotericin B, but 1 was sensitive to fluconazole and 1 was identified to be dose-dependent susceptible. One isolate was resistant to and the other one was susceptible to caspofungin. Our findings shows the prevalence of resistant candida species to conventional treatments and indicate that candidemia caused by Candida resistant species is incrasing. Keywords: Candidiasis; Antifungal drugs; Candidemia; Iran

scholarly journals Orodispersible Film Loaded with Enterococcus faecium CRL183 Presents Anti-Candida albicans Biofilm Activity In Vitro

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 998
Author(s):  
Virgínia Barreto Lordello ◽  
Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin ◽  
Sarah Raquel de Annunzio ◽  
Maria Pía Taranto ◽  
Marlus Chorilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Enterococcus Faecium ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Oral Candidiasis ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Control Film ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Probiotic bacteria have been emerging as a trustworthy choice for the prevention and treatment of Candida spp. infections. This study aimed to develop and characterize an orodispersible film (ODF) for delivering the potentially probiotic Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 into the oral cavity, evaluating its in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Methods and Results: The ODF was composed by carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, and potato starch, and its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties were studied. The probiotic resistance and viability during processing and storage were evaluated as well as its in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans. The ODFs were thin, resistant, and flexible, with neutral pH and microbiologically safe. The probiotic resisted the ODF obtaining process, demonstrating high viability (>9 log10 CFU·g−1), up to 90 days of storage at room temperature. The Probiotic Film promoted 68.9% of reduction in fungal early biofilm and 91.2% in its mature biofilm compared to the group stimulated with the control film. Those results were confirmed through SEM images. Conclusion: The probiotic ODF developed is a promising strategy to prevent oral candidiasis, since it permits the local probiotic delivery, which in turn was able to reduce C. albicans biofilm formation.

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