scholarly journals STUDY OF PRESENCE OF ACCESSORY INFRAORBITAL FORAMEN (AIOF) IN DRY HUMAN SKULLS OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Anamika Gaharwar ◽  
Anupriya Kumar*
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Block ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Facial Surgery ◽  
Constant Feature ◽  
Anesthetic Failure ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
Direct Inspection

Introduction -IOF is a constant feature on the anterior surface of body of maxilla below the orbital margin.Infraorbital nerve (ION) & vessels pass through it .IOF assumes great importance in the field of Maxillo- facial surgery & dentistry as ION isanaesthetised during these procedures. Aims & Objective: Presence of accessory IOF affects the process of nerve block as a branch of the nerve, may pass through it. Hence a study was conducted to determine the presence of accessory IOF. Method: The study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur.300 macerated dry adult human skulls of north Indian population belonging to both sexes were selected. Numbers of accessory IOF was determined by direct inspection. Result:The present study found 10.7% of skulls have accessory IOF. Conclusion: Thus knowledge of presence of Accessory IOF plays an important role in nerve block which, if ignored, would result in anesthetic failure & injury to nerve.

scholarly journals Variant Anatomy of Hypoglossal Canal: An Osteological Study in North Indian Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Yadav S ◽  
Pandey P ◽  
Pasricha N ◽  
Bhatnagar R
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Hypoglossal Canal ◽  
Posterior Condylar ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Variant Anatomy

Introduction: To assess the presence of duplicated hypoglossal canal. Subjects and Methods: A total of 80 dried human skulls were collected from the Anthropology lab of the department of Anatomy K.G.M.U.,U. P., Lucknow, India. The skulls were examined for duplicated hypoglossal canal and presence of posterior condylar canal. Theskulls were closely inspected with the use of hand lens. Results: We observed bilateral duplicated hypoglossal canal in 3 skulls (3.75%), Unilateral duplication was seen in 15 skulls (18.75%) [i.e.7 on the right side and 8 on the left side]. We observed that the presence of duplicated hypoglossal canal was mostly associated with the presence of posterior condylar canal. Conclusion: Duplicated hypoglossal canal in humans may result in minor degrees of alterations in the movements of the tongue due to entrapment of nerve during ossification. The clinical relevance of this knowledge is important for radiologists and neurosurgeons.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Srivastava ◽  
Medha Das ◽  
Shirin Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Brain Herniation ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Large Opening ◽  
Human Skulls

Introduction: Foramen magnum is a large opening located in the occipital bone of the skull. The morphometric analysis of foramen magnum is clinically and surgically important because vital structures passing through it may suffer compression such as in cases of achondroplasia, brain herniation and meningiomas. Objectives: To study morphometric analysis of foramen magnum in dry human skulls and to measure its anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter and foramen magnum index. Material & Methods: 100 dried human skulls of unknown age and sex were obtained from Department of Anatomy, Rama Medical College and GSVM Medical College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Deformed samples were excluded. Different parameters were measured with the help of Vernier caliper. Results: The mean antero-posterior diameter of foramen magnum was 33.79mm. The maximum antero-posterior diameter of foramen magnum was 40mm and minimum antero-posterior diameter was 28.2mm.The mean transverse diameter of foramen magnum was 28.30mm.The maximum transverse diameter of foramen magnum was 36mm and minimum transverse diameter was 21.5mm.The mean index of foramen magnum was 84.14mm. Conclusion: The morphometric analysis of foramen magnum and its variation is important not only for anatomists but also important to the anesthetists, neurosurgeons, orthopedicians and radiologists ; while planning and performing cranio-vertebral junction procedures.

scholarly journals Occipital Emissary Foramina in South Indian Modern Human Skulls

ISRN Anatomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suruchi Singhal ◽  
Roopa Ravindranath
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
Medical College ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Cranial Venous Sinuses ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Intracranial Infections

An occipital emissary foramen has been traditionally described as a foramen present in the squamous part of the occipital bone at the occipital protuberance transmitting a vein that connects the confluence of sinuses with the occipital vein. The present study was done on 221 South Indian adult modern human skulls of unknown sex in the Department of Anatomy, St John’s Medical College, Bangalore, India. The foramen was observed in 21/221 (9.50%) skulls, 6/21 (28.57%) to the right of, 10/21 (47.61%) to the left of, and 2/21 (9.52%) on the External Occipital Crest. It was seen more often near the posterior margin of foramen magnum rather than at the External Occipital Protuberance as has been traditionally described. A new finding is that bilateral foramina were observed in 3 skulls (14.28%). The incidence was higher than seen in other Indian population. Since it is present near the foramen magnum in most cases, knowledge of the number and position of the foramen is important for suboccipital craniotomies. The extensive connections of the veins with cranial venous sinuses may lead to intracranial infections and vice versa.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON CEPHALIC INDEX OF ADULT NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Singh ◽  
Vasundhara Kulshreshtha ◽  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
Ved Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Head Length ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Cephalic Index ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Head Breadth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Cephalic index is the percentage of head breadth to head length. The index is calculated from measurement of the diameters of head (head length and head breadth). When applied to living individuals it is known as cephalic index, and when referring to dry skulls, the cranial index. This index is used as a useful anthropological tool for analysis of racial and sexual differences in a population. The present study was done to find out Cephalic Index and to study sexual dimorphism in adult North Indian population. Objective of the study was to calculate the cephalic index and to find out that the present study group belongs to which category in the classification of skull based on cephalic index and to study the sexual dimorphism in respect to cephalic index. Material & Methods: The present study comprised of 200 medical students of age group between 18 yrs. to 25 yrs. of S.N. Medical College, Agra, not having any significant disease or deformity that could have affected the general or the bony growth. Two anthropometric parameters; head length and head breadth were recorded in centimeters by using spreading caliper. With these recorded data, cephalic index was calculated for males and females separately as well as combined. Results: Mean Cephalic Index was significantly higher (p=0.03124) in females (79.350 ± 5.7157) as compared to males (77.715 ± 4.9102). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the mean of the cephalic indices of male and female students (p=0.03124). The mean cephalic index of combined population in this study was 78.533 ± 5.3776 which states that the dominant head shape among North Indians is Mesaticephalic.

scholarly journals A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF NASAL INDEX IN ADULT HUMAN DRY SKULLS OF NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Agrawal ◽  
Vasundhara Kulshreshtha ◽  
Pradeep Singh ◽  
Anshu Gupta ◽  
Suniti Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
North India ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Nasal Type ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Adult Human

Introduction: Nasal Index is very useful in anthropology and it is one of the clinical anthropometric parameters recognized in nasal surgical and medical management. Nasal index is the most common nasal parameter which may be related to regional and climatic differences so that it would be further useful as an essential tool to the researchers, clinicians, rhinoplastic and facial reconstructive surgeons and forensic experts related to this field. The present study was designed to provide a normative data of nasal index and to classify their nose type and comparison of data with other studies. Material & Methods: The study was conducted on 200 human dry skulls of north Indian population in Department of Anatomy, S.N. Medical College, Agra. The measurements were taken using digital vernier caliper. Nasal Index was calculated by measuring nasal height and nasal width in order to determine the nasal type. Results: In the present study, mean nasal height was 49.25±3.68mm whereas mean nasal width was 24.63±2.90mm. Mean nasal index was calculated as 51.00± 0.09. Conclusion: The findings of our study suggest that according to the nasal index, the studied population of North India belongs to Platyrrhine type.

scholarly journals MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE FORAMEN MAGNUM OF DRY HUMAN SKULLS IN NORTH INDIAN POPULATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1.2) ◽  
pp. 3480-3484
Author(s):  
Rajkumar ◽  
◽  
Prabhakaran kattimuthu ◽  
Punita Manik ◽  
Vikram Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Foramen Magnum ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Human Skulls
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