scholarly journals Natural Radionuclide Concentrations and Associated Doses Around Three Dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayorinde Ogunremi ◽  
Adeola Olaoye Morounfolu
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Cylindrical Sample ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Secular Equilibrium ◽  
Environmental Radiation ◽  
Radiation Level ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
The Mean

Monitoring of environmental radiation helps to ascertain healthy vicinity which is a catalyst to the economic development of the area. Activity concentration of naturally occurring radionuclides in three (3) dumpsites in Lagos State, Olusosun Landfill, Ojota, Ilupeju dumpsite and, Gbagada dumpsite Lagos state, Nigeria were investigated using gamma-ray spectroscopy to obtain the level of radioactive exposure hazards experienced by people living in these vicinities. A total of thirty soil samples were randomly collected into a polythene bag. They were oven-dried at 110°C, pulverized, and sieved. Quantities of the samples (400 g) were sealed in cylindrical sample holders and kept for about 28 days to attain secular equilibrium between 226Ra and its decay products before analysis using gamma-ray spectrometry. The mean activity concentration obtained for 40K, 238U, and 234Th at, Ilupeju, Gbagada, and Ojota were 339.23±33.66, 11.83±19.174, 11.95±22.752 Bq/kg, 337.56 ± 36.22, 11.49±22.14, 11.54 ± 19.33 Bq/kg and 334.87±32.44, 11.42±22.39, 11.56±18.52 Bq/kg respectively. The mean absorbed dose nGy/h, annual effective dose mSv/y were calculated and their results were found to be below the global values. The results indicate that the radiation level within the dumpsites poses no significant health risk to the people living close to the dumpsites.

scholarly journals Determination of the activity concentration levels of the artificial radionuclide137Cs in soil samples collected from Qatar using high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 1660237
Author(s):  
Huda Al-Sulaiti ◽  
Tabassum Nasir ◽  
K. S. Al Mugren ◽  
N. Alkhomashi ◽  
N. Al-Dahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
High Resolution Gamma

The goal of this study was to establish the first baseline measurements for radioactivity concentration of the artificial radionuclide [Formula: see text]Cs in soil samples collected from the Qatarian peninsula. The work focused on the determination of the activity concentrations levels of man-made radiation in 129 soil samples collected across the landscape of the State of Qatar. All the samples were collected before the most recent accident in Japan, “the 2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident”. The activity concentrations have been measured via high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry using a hyper-pure germanium detector situated in a low-background environment with a copper inner-plated passive lead shield. A radiological map showing the activity concentrations of [Formula: see text]Cs is presented in this work. The concentration was[Formula: see text]found to range from 0.21 to 15.41 Bq/kg. The highest activity concentration of [Formula: see text]Cs was observed in sample no. 26 in North of Qatar. The mean value was found to be around 2.15 ± 0.27 Bq/kg. These values lie within the expected range relative to the countries in the region. It is expected that this contamination is mainly due to the Chernobyl accident on 26 April 1986, but this conclusion cannot be confirmed because of the lack of data before this accident.

Average annual committed effective dose and threshold consumption rate of bovine samples collected from a government owned abattoir, Ikpoba slope, Benin City, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 742-751
Author(s):  
K.W. Giwa ◽  
O.D. Osahon
Keyword(s):  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Meat Samples

The activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 238U in five different organs of bovine meat commonly eaten by the Nigerian populace were measured using gamma ray spectrometry. The meat samples were collected from a Government owned abattoir at Ikpoba slope, Benin City. The essence of the study was to estimate the internal radiation dose incurred by a population due to the ingestion of radionuclides from meat consumption. The mean absorbed dose rate was 12.60 ± 1.51 nGy h−1, which is far lower than the recommended value of 55 nGy h−1. The AACED obtained in this study differs for each organ, thereby making the threshold consumption rate different, but the mean dose, 0.171 ± 0.07 mSv yr−1, is below the 0.3 mSv yr−1 reported to be the recommended average value. The mean threshold consumption rate for meat intake for the samples under study was calculated to be 107.5 ± 6.22 kg yr–1. Thus, this study has contributed to the body of knowledge and data that can lead to the formulation of regulations related to radiological healthcare in the study area.

scholarly journals Radiological Risks from Natural Radionuclides in Surface Soil of Agbara Industrial Area, Ogun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-739
Author(s):  
A.K. Ademola
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

Measurement of natural radioactivity in soil samples from the Agbara Industrial area, Nigeria, was measured using gamma-ray spectrometry with NaI (Tl) detector. The concentration of 238U ranged from 10.21±3.50 to 67.41±18.2 Bqkg-1, from 26.43±10.8 to 96.24±18.81 for 232Th and from 298.65±60.70 to 840.52±150.25 Bqkg-1 for 40K. Their means were, respectively, 28.69±11.00, 45.86±10.25, and 481.22±106.17 Bqkg-1 . Annual effective varies from 0.08 to 0.16 mSv y-1 with a mean of 0.11 mSv y-1. The mean contamination factor was 0.87 for 228Ra, 1.02 for 232Th and, 1.15 for 40K.The soil is moderately polluted with 232Th and 40K. The Pollution Level Index indicates a drop in soil quality in about 50% of the areas covered. The mean cancer risk (0.4 x 10-3 ) obtained in this study is above the World Health Organization limit, indicating a high probability for inhabitants to develop lung cancer in the long term when a lifetime is spent in this area under study.

scholarly journals Radioactivity Concentrations in Soil Samples from Kandam, Gyalgyal, Burmawan masaka, Dinbisu and Giyawa Mines in Wurno LGA, Sokoto State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Y. M. Ahijjo ◽  
A. N. Baba-Kutigi ◽  
M. Momoh ◽  
A. M. Bayawa ◽  
M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Hpge Detector ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Radiological Parameters ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Channel Analyzer ◽  
Elevated Exposure

Aims: This study was conducted in a bid to ascertain the concentration of NORMS in the soil samples dugout of some mining sites in Kandam, Gyalggal, Burmawan masaka, Dinbisu and Giyawa town in Wurno LGA, Sokoto State Nigeria. The concerns about NORMS radioactivity in the environment are frequently linked to natural radioactivity which is more of primordial radionuclides. Study Design: A total number of nine soil samples were randomly collected for this study. The randomness was in order to represent over 90% of the sample population of different mines in Wurno LGA, Sokoto state for the analysis of gamma-ray spectrometry of High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector coupled to a Multi-Channel Analyzer (MCA). Place and Duration of Study: Department of Physics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, between August 2015 and June 2016. Methodology: The concentrations of the radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) were ascertained through a high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry of HPGe detector coupled with a Multi-Channel Analyzer, Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP), Government College University (GCU), Lahore, Pakistan. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the soil samples were obtained and used to calculate the radiological parameters ( Raeq, Hex, Hin, DAbs and Deff ) in order to assess the radiological impacts on the inhabitants. Results: The mean activity concentrations for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in the soil samples were found to be 58.34, 53.76 and 679.70 Bqkg-1 while the radiological hazards parameters revealed mean values of 187.55 Bqkg-1, 0.51, 0.66, 87.77 nGy.h-1 and 107.64 μScyr -1 for Raeq, Hex, Hin, DAbs  and Deff respectively. These were compared with the results of similar studies conducted elsewhere and around the world. It was noticed that 40K contributes the highest level of radioactivity in this study which could enhance the amount of background radiation received by the population in the study area. The activity concentration unveiled from the soil samples were considerably lower for 226Ra and 232Th when compared to the activity of 40K. The mean value of the doseused to calculate the radiological parameters calculations shows that an elevated exposure to radioactivity by the inhabitants around this mine is eminent.  Conclusion: Cancer and various forms of ailment due to radioactivity exposure are further anticipated for the workers in the pits and the dwelling communities.

scholarly journals Distribution of 137Cs and 40K in the tissue of silver fir trees (Abies alba Mill.) from Lika (Croatia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 145 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 323-335
Author(s):  
Marina Popijač
Keyword(s):  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Growth Rings

The research on activities of <sup>137</sup>Cs and <sup>40</sup>K, which was conducted on the silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) from Lika has included sampling of the trees in the field (rings of the bole from three different heights separated into bark, growth rings, roots, needles, shoots, and the soil surrounding the cut down trees), laboratory analysis of samples using the gamma-ray spectrometry and the statistical analysis of the collected data. The radial and vertical distribution of cesium (<sup>137</sup>Cs) in trees was investigated. <sup>137</sup>Cs has contaminated forest ecosystems by remote atmospheric transport and radioactive precipitation as a result of nuclear test including the nuclear accident in Chernobyl. On a longer time scale, the variability of the <sup>137</sup>Cs distribution determined in the organisms of the silver fir depended on the half-life, while the seasonal dynamics were influenced by the degree of physiological activity and the characteristics and functions of plant tissues. The highest activity of <sup>137</sup>Cs was determined in the bark and the physiologically most active parts of the silver fir (shoots and needles). The highest activity concentration of the <sup>137</sup>Cs in the growth rings was measured in the lowest parts of the silver fir trees. This research contributed to understanding the behavior of <sup>137</sup>Cs, which entered the organisms of dominant tree species in the forest ecosystem, as well as its distribution in time and space.

scholarly journals Aktivitas NORM pada Sedimen Dasar di Perairan PLTU Tanjung Jati Jepara dan Kaitannya dengan Ukuran Butir Sedimen serta TOC

EKSPLORIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Navila Bidasari Alviandini ◽  
Muslim Muslim ◽  
Wahyu Retno Prihatiningsih ◽  
Sri Yulina Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Purposive Sampling

ABSTRAKNORM (Naturally Occuring Radioactive Material) merupakan unsur radionuklida yang secara alami sudah ada dalam bumi dan kandungannya dapat meningkat dengan adanya kegiatan industri, seperti PLTU. Kegiatan PLTU menghasilkan bottom ash dan fly ash yang akan terbawa oleh angin kemudian masuk ke perairan dan mengendap pada sedimen dasar perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas NORM pada sedimen dasar terkait kegiatan PLTU Tanjung Jati, Jepara dan hubungannya dengan ukuran butir serta TOC (Total Organic Carbon). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengukuran konsentrasi aktivitas NORM dilakukan menggunakan spektrometri sinar gama detektor HPGe, di Laboratorium Radioekologi Kelautan PTKMR-BATAN. Konsentrasi aktivitas NORM yang terdeteksi yaitu 40K berkisar 442,75–818,40 Bq.Kg-1, 232Th berkisar 99,19–212,34 Bq.Kg-1 dan 226Ra berkisar 42,42–77,77 Bq.Kg-1. Aktivitas NORM menunjukkan adanya hubungan dengan tekstur sedimen, tetapi tidak menunjukkan hubungan dengan kandungan Total Organic Carbon (TOC).ABSTRACTNORM (Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material) is a radionuclide element which naturally exists in the earth and its content can increased with the presence of industrial activities, such as the PLTU. The PLTU activities produce fly ash and bottom ash which will be carried away by the wind and then fall in the waters and settle on the bottom sediments of the waters. This study was aimed to determine the activity of NORM in bottom sediments related activities PLTU Tanjung Jati Jepara and its relationship with grain size and TOC (Total Organic Carbon). Sampling was conducted by purposive sampling method. NORM activity concentration measurements performed using gamma ray spectrometry HPGe detector, in Marine Radioecology Laboratory PTKMR-BATAN. NORM activity concentration detected is 40K ranged 442.75 to 818.40 Bq.Kg-1, 232Th ranged 99.19 to 212.34 Bq.Kg-1 and 226Ra ranged 42.42 to 77.77 Bq.Kg-1. NORM activity shows the relationship with sediment texture, but does not show a relationship with the composition of Total Organic Carbon (TOC).

scholarly journals The Activity Concentration of Radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th and 40K) in Soil Samples and Associated Health Hazards in Natore, Kushtia and Pabna District of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-180
Author(s):  
Md Samiul Ehsan ◽  
Md Faisal Rahman ◽  
Nafisa Tabassum ◽  
Md Mahidul Haque Prodhan ◽  
Shikha Pervin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose Rate ◽  
Radium Equivalent Activity ◽  
Artificial Radioactivity ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Mean

The study has been carried out to measure the activity concentration of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in fifteen(15) soil samples of Natore, Kushtia and Pabna district, which are around the 30 km peripheral area of Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant, by gamma ray spectrometry system using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. It is found that the activity concentration of 226Ra, in the collected sample was from 3.52 Bq/kg to 28.5 Bq/kg with the average value of 12.42 Bq/kg. For 232Th, the range was from 4.18 Bq/kg to 34.5 Bq/kg with the average value of 12.6 Bq/kg. Finally, the activity concentration of 40K, in the collected sample was in the range of 84 Bq/kg to 345 Bq/kg, and the average value was 198.9 Bq/kg. The absorbed dose rate (D) was found to be in the range of 4.59 nGy/h to 40.93 nGy/h with the mean value 21.3 nGy/h. The annual effective dose (E) was in the range of 0.006 mSv/yr to 0.152 mSv/yr with an average of 0.033 mSv/yr. The radium equivalent activity was in the range from 10.02 Bq/kg to 89 Bq/kg with an average of 44.99 Bq/kg. The external hazard index (Hex) was found to be in the range of 0.027 to 0.242 with the mean value of 0.121 and the internal hazard index (Hin) was found to be in the range of 0.044 to 0.302 with the mean value of 0.156. All the values are much below the recommended limit by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), 35 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 30 Bq/kg for 232Th and 400 Bq/kg for 40K. According to international and national regulation, the annual dose to members of the public, 1 mSvy-1 and Hex & Hin must be lower than unity. Moreover, no artificial radioactivity was found in the soil samples of this study area. This research concludes that the found values are within the permissible limits as required by the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Control(NSRC) Rules-1997 of Bangladesh and International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) Safety Standards- General Safety Requirements (GSR): Part-3. Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 2, 169-180, 2019

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