STRUCTURAL EQUATION TEST OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONS AMONG NIGERIAN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

The purpose of this paper is to examine the causal relationship between entrepreneurial education and entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates. The paper investigates how the outcome of an effective entrepreneurial education system- attitude, skills and knowledge could affect the intentions of the students to choosing entrepreneurship as a career choice. The study was conducted in Enugu state, Nigeria among university undergraduates. A total of 250 students were engaged but only 196 valid responses were gathered. The structural model and the hypotheses were tested using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach in SmartPLS M2.0 software. Our findings reveal that the proposed determinants all bear positive relationships with entrepreneurial intention in varying degrees. Also we found entrepreneurial knowledge to have a direct impact on entrepreneurial attitude. Managerial and practical implications were made as well as future research avenues suggested.

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PENGARUH ELEMEN KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA DIPLOMA III AKUNTANSI

Wahana ◽

10.35591/whn.v21i2.143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 88-97

Author(s):

Yanto Darmawan

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Academic Support ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Subjective Norm ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Structural Support ◽

Equation Modelling

This study aims to investigate factors that influence entrepreneurial intention of student of Diploma III in accounting. The model which is analyzed include contextual factors (instrumen readiness, academic support and structural support). Data was obtained through questionnaires from 261 students of Akademi Akuntansi YKPN (AA YKPN) Yogyakarta. Data was analyzed by Structural Equation Modelling - Partial Least Square (PLS) using Smart PLS 2.0. The results of this research shows that the entrepreneurial intentions of students of Diploma III in accounting is influenced by instrumen readiness, and structural support. Keywords: entrepreneurial intention, subjective norm, contextual factors, partial least square

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Customer Benefits on Bitcoin as a Medium of Exchange

ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ◽

10.24191/abrij.v5i1.9971 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Maryam Jameelah Hashim ◽

Mohd Faizal Kamarudin ◽

Nur Afizah Muhamad Arifin ◽

Mohd Rahim Khamis

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Structural Model ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Future Research ◽

Interesting Insight ◽

Klang Valley ◽

Insight Into

Cryptocurrency is a digital currency that is powered by blockchain technology. One of it is bitcoin, a system that is digitally created and traded tokens to which value is assigned. The level of adoption of bitcoin has accelerated due to several fiscal crises that leads to financial crashes that have affected the lives of millions of people. This has created a demand for new kinds of niche money. Issues need to be closely discussed before it is fully accepted by customers as a medium of exchange. Even though bitcoin is used as a medium of exchange, there is still no specific guidance and benefits to the users. The issues concernedare whether the customers will get the benefits of privacy, lower transaction costs and freedom in payment. Therefore, the aims of this paper are to identify the relationship between transaction cost, privacy and digital payment as a benefit of bitcoin as a medium of exchange. This research will be conducted in Klang Valley area and the questionnaires will be disseminated directly to respondents. These respondents will be identified using probability simple random sampling. A regression analysis will be conducted comprising 200 observations in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Partial least square-structural equation (PLS-SEM) will be used. In the measurement model, reliability will be assessed by examining the Composite Reliability (CR), while validity will be assessed by convergent validity and discriminant validity. Subsequently, structural model testing with 500 re-samples was applied to test the hypothesized relationships between exogenous variables and endogenous variable. Digital payment and privacy are statistically significant towards the benefit of using bitcoin as a medium of exchange. It was found that the digital payment contributes the highest benefit to the customers followed by privacy. The results provide interesting insight into the determinants for the customers benefit using bitcoin. Although the findings show significant results customers should always decide the good and bad thoroughly before finalizing their decisions on the usage of bitcoin. Therefore, it is hoped that this study will enrich the growing literature on the subject and future research needs to explore on the benefits of using bitcoin among the real users. This study is expected to give guidelines to the policymakers on the implementation of bitcoin as a medium of exchange. It is also expected that the results may provide interesting insight into the determinants of customer benefits using bitcoin. Simultaneously, it will contribute to the elements of industry, innovation and infrastructure.

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PENGARUH ELEMEN KONTEKSTUAL TERHADAP INTENSI BERWIRAUSAHA MAHASISWA DIPLOMA III AKUNTANSI

Wahana ◽

10.35591/wahana.v21i2.143 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 88-97

Author(s):

Yanto Darmawan

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Academic Support ◽

Contextual Factors ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Subjective Norm ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Structural Support ◽

Equation Modelling

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The Role of the Instructor, Motivation, and Interaction in Building Online Learning Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The Electronic Journal of e-Learning ◽

10.34190/ejel.19.5.2475 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. pp401-415

Author(s):

Marsela Thanasi-Boçe

Keyword(s):

Online Learning ◽

Student Satisfaction ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Structural Model ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Motivation Interaction

This study aims to examine the role of instructor, motivation, and interaction in building students’ perceptions of and satisfaction with online learning (OL). It proposes a structural model based on data collected from 446 graduate and undergraduate students who attended online courses during the first COVID-19 lockdown. The data analysis was conducted using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results reinforced the role of interaction and instructors in strengthening students’ motivation, especially highlighting interaction as a facilitator of how instructors motivate their students. Motivation, interaction, and the instructor’s role contributed to positive OL perceptions, which in turn generated greater student satisfaction. This study also revealed that interaction is the factor with the highest impact on OL perception. The instructor’s role in motivating students was found to be higher if a greater interaction was present in the online platform. However, the students did not derive OL satisfaction directly from their instructors; rather, satisfaction was generated only when motivation, interaction, and positive OL perceptions emerged. Finally, gender differences were identified in the students’ OL satisfaction. Females derived a greater level of motivation, OL perception, and satisfaction from interactions with their instructors and peers, while the male students’ OL perception and satisfaction were not affected by their instructors.

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Determinants of entrepreneurial intention among undergraduates in a Muslim community

Management Research Review ◽

10.1108/mrr-09-2018-0348 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (8) ◽

pp. 1013-1030 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Precious C. Ezeh ◽

Anayo D. Nkamnebe ◽

Uzezi P. Omodafe

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Extended Model ◽

Northern Nigeria ◽

Muslim Community ◽

Educational Support ◽

Content Type

Purpose As part of the strategy to curb the rising unemployment among Nigerian undergraduates, entrepreneurship subjects were made compulsory in the curriculum of all the higher educational institutions (HEIs) in Nigeria. The idea is to trigger strong desire for enterprise creation rather than remaining job seekers among the undergraduates upon graduation. Accordingly, this paper aims to determine predictors to entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Muslim community of Northern Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Theory of planned behaviour was extended to include compatibility and educational support. The model was empirically tested and was analysed using the partial least square structural equation modelling technique on a sample of 312 higher institution students in Zamfara State. Findings The finding shows that entrepreneurial intention is taken as a function of educational support, compatibility and perceived behavioural control. The extended model has predictive relevance, and it explained 36 per cent of variance in entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value The inclusion of compatibility has a unique effect on this study; no study has tested the effects of compatibility in entrepreneurial intention. In addition, no study has been conducted in a core Muslim state in Northern Nigeria, where most of the economic policies are Islamic-driven and unemployment rate is relatively high. In addition, no study has been conducted in the context of necessity entrepreneurship using TPB.

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The mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in entrepreneurial intention – a study in Saudi Arabian context

Problems and Perspectives in Management ◽

10.21511/ppm.16(1).2018.26 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 267-275

Author(s):

Mohammad Naushad ◽

Syed Abdul Malik

Keyword(s):

Self Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Business Students ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Psychological Variables

The purpose of the present study is to test how do the four important psychological antecedents, namely need for achievement (nAch), propensity to risk (PtR), self-confidence (SeC), internal locus of control (IlC) are mediated by the entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) to predict the entrepreneurial intention (EI) in a traditionally oil-based Saudi economy striving for economic diversification. Hypotheses are tested by applying the partial least square (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) to a sample of 282 undergraduate business students (male and female) collected from a public university of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The results suggest that psychological variables and self-efficacy play a fundamental role in enhancing entrepreneurial intention (EI) of Saudi students. Personality-related variables have direct influence over EI in other context, but in Saudi context, psychological variables are necessary but not sufficient to develop entrepreneurial intention unless combined with self-efficacy. Self-efficacy has a strong mediating effect between psychological variables and entrepreneurial intentions in Saudi context.

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Entrepreneurial Intentions: The Effect of Proactive Personality in Perspective of Planned Behavior Theory as an integrated approach in the Indonesian Context

Conference Series ◽

10.34306/conferenceseries.v3i2.572 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Elissa Dwi Lestari ◽

Hillary Suris Kusuma ◽

Wanthing Fortuna Marlim

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Research Result ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Proactive Personality ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Professional Career ◽

The Government

Entrepreneurship in Indonesia is still relatively low and lagging behind other ASEAN countries because the number of entrepreneurs in Indonesia has only reached 3.47% of the total population. College students have become one of the vital sources of supply for entrepreneurs in Indonesia. Therefore, to increase the number of entrepreneurs, the Indonesian government encourages higher education to produce graduates looking for work and creating jobs. Even though the government and universities have tried to increase the number of entrepreneurial students, the number of students who choose entrepreneurship as a professional career choice is still low. This research was conducted to see how students' entrepreneurial intention (EI) in Indonesia as a forecaster of entrepreneurial behaviour. The research analyses the effect of proactive personality traits and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) as an integrated model, with the TPB dimension as a mediator. The research was conducted by using judgmental sampling of 387 students in Indonesia. Data collection was carried out using an e-survey, and data were analyzed using structural equation modelling with Partial Least Square (PLS). Research result shows that proactive personality and TPB are predictors of students' entrepreneurial intentions. This study also shows that TPB mediates the relationship between proactive personality towards Student' entrepreneurial intention. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the EI study of students in Indonesia. Scientifically, this research is also expected to enrich the EI literature by integrating proactive personality as an antecedent of TPB and EI.

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Impact of Attitude Towards Entrepreneurship Education and Role Models on Entrepreneurial Intention

10.21203/rs.3.rs-125154/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

KWAKU AMOFAH

Keyword(s):

Role Models ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Entrepreneurship Education ◽

Entrepreneurial Intention ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽

Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽

Tpb Model

Abstract In this paper, we investigate entrepreneurial intention by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior by Ajzen (1991). We specifically examine the role of gender on entrepreneurial education and role models or parental self-employment, by carrying out a Multi-Group Analysis. We used a web-based questionnaire to collect information from 216 students at a Spanish university. Data are analysed with the help of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) – Partial Least Square (PLS). We conducted a tripartite analysis on Complete, Male, and Female Models. Regarding the Complete and Male Models, all the primary hypotheses were accepted, compared with four for the Female Model. We recommend the institutionalization of traineeship, elective courses, conference and workshops on entrepreneurship to boost the entrepreneurial spirit of students. Though this study has confirmed the applicability of the TPB model to entrepreneurial intention, we did not find a significant relationship between Males and Females about their entrepreneurial intentions for some relationships. But this study suggests that the relationship between PSE and PBC is stronger for Males than Females Our results have implications for entrepreneurship education scholars, program evaluators, and policymakers.

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Factors Influencing Consumers’ Purchase Behaviour towards Green Packaged Products

RSF Conference Series: Business, Management and Social Sciences ◽

10.31098/bmss.v1i1.254 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

Goh Mei Ling ◽

Ho Sew Tiep ◽

Yeo Sook Fern ◽

Teh Wei Lun

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Structural Model ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Environmental Attitude

The disposal of plastic packaging has caused the amount of waste generation, which have a negative impact on the environment. Green packaging, which is more eco-friendly packaging, is harmless to human health and biodegradable. Many businesses have turned to the movement of going green by providing green products and services. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the purchase behaviour of consumers towards green packaged products. A total of 200 respondents was recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected with a set of self-administered questionnaires that covered respondents' profiles and all the variables in the research model. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling was used to assess the measurement model and structural model. Both convergent validity and discriminant validity were deemed satisfactory. The findings have revealed 0.444 of R2 means that the model explains 44.4% of the total variation of purchase behaviour. Environmental concern and environmental attitude were found to affect consumers’ purchase behaviour positively towards green packaged products. Environmental knowledge and social influence, however, were found to be non-significant. This study will be able to provide valuable information to the marketers to focus not only on their products but the packaging of their products as well. This study also provides an insight into the consumers’ purchase behaviour towards green packaged products. It is recommended for future research to recruit more respondents with a more diversified background.

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Fit Perception and Engagement: The Mediating Role of Work Meaningfulness

Vision The Journal of Business Perspective ◽

10.1177/0972262921999866 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097226292199986

Author(s):

Robinson James

Keyword(s):

Employee Engagement ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Organizational Outcomes ◽

Research Strategy ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Future Research ◽

Work Meaningfulness

Research on engagement has gained considerable attention in recent years as it is a strong predictor of a range of positive individual and organizational outcomes. There is a question of why the level of the engagement is different from employee to employee in an organization, though they are provided with the same resources. This study aims to investigate the influence of fit perception on engagement and the role of the employee’s psychological condition (work meaningfulness) on this relationship. This study mainly employed a survey research strategy, and data were primarily garnered from a questionnaire. This study was conducted among 145 respondents from the public sector organizations in Sri Lanka. Partial least-square structural equation modelling was employed to analyse the generated data. In this study, the researcher has conceptualized fit perception as a higher order construct comprising Person Job fit and Person Organization fit. The study revealed that fit perception positively influences employee engagement, and this relationship is mediated by work meaningfulness. This study contributes to the literature by deepening the understanding of the fit perception and engagement relationship by introducing work meaningfulness as a mediator variable. By highlighting how engagement is influenced by fit perception and work meaningfulness, this study facilitates practitioners to build and maintain an engaged workforce. Further contributions of this study, the avenue for future research, and study limitations are presented in detail at the end of this article.

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