Ghanaian SMEs’ perspective on the interrelationship between market and entrepreneurial orientations

PurposeThis research examines the interrelationships between market orientation (MO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in the small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector. Due to the conflicting results associated with each orientation's influence on firm performance, some researchers advanced that scholars should resort to concurrent observation of the constructs. To the researchers, concurrent deployment of the constructs by businesses is likely to result in an enhanced performance. However, what is lacking in their proposition is how the deployment of these resources should be, thereby leading to a knowledge gap in the literature. The aforementioned gap is what this paper seeks to address.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed deductive research approach, and data were collected from 366 SMEs' owners or owner-managers of SMEs in two metropoles in Ghana. For this study, the hand delivery and collection of questionnaire technique was deployed. The reason is that most respondents may be reluctant to respond to the questionnaires through the post or Internet. Partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed for the data analysis due to its importance in allowing the testing of relationships among constructs. Furthermore, seven-point Likert scale was used to generate responses from the respondents.FindingsThe result indicates that MO and EO have a positive and significant influence on each other. However, the influence of EO on MO is greater. Therefore, when owners of SMEs are embracing the two constructs in their businesses, EO should precede MO. The finding is a novelty of this study. Through this result, the owners of SMEs would have knowledge of embracing EO before MO during the employment of the two constructs in their firms. The study further revealed that not all the components of MO have positive and significant influence on EO, and the reverse is true. Without this study, the owners of SMEs would have placed equal attention on each construct and their components. The study also indicates that deployment of MO in its composite form rather than components is the best way for improving EO.Practical implicationsThe more SMEs engage in MO activities, the likelihood of an increase in their entrepreneurial spirit and the opposite is true. However, engaging in more EO activities would result in higher MO than the reverse.Originality/valueThe findings add to the empirical literature by revealing the interrelationships between MO and EO, which serve as a guide to owners of SMEs and practitioners in their concurrent deployment of the two constructs. The findings would also open replication doors for future researchers in different settings.

SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIES IN INDIA: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES

Small Scale Industries (SSI) consist entrepreneurs who all are engaged in production, manufacturing or service at micro level. Small industries have been playing a major role in India's economic and social development in the post-independence era. Small scale industries are fundamental to a developing economy with its effective, efficient, flexible and innovative entrepreneurial spirit. SSI units across the world have been approved on the basis of promoters of economic growth and indicative of promoting equitable development. SSI's contribution to the Indian economy in terms of job creation opportunities, reducing regional imbalances, promoting inter-regional linkages, increasing exports and promoting equal economic growth potential has been quite amazing. The sector ranges from traditional to high technology through over 6000 products, comprising over 36 million units across the country, employing over 80 million individuals. SSI helps in the growth of industrial development of the country. This paper attempts to discuss the role of small scale industries in developing the economy and explores various problems faced by it.

Entrepreneurship Development in Management of Intra School Student Organizations in SMA/ SMK Level in the East Indonesian Province

Understanding of entrepreneurship and organizational management, especially at the OSIS and MPK levels, is still deficient. With a lack of understanding related to entrepreneurship and organizational management at the school level, lecturers at the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (FISIP) Unjani organize Education and Training for OSIS at the SMA/SMK in the Eastern Province of Indonesia. The method used in this community service is to provide material related to entrepreneurship development and organizational management, and creativity competitions for OSIS and MPK members between schools. Community service related to entrepreneurship development in the management of Intra-School Student Organizations runs smoothly and in accordance with the desired expectations. Students participate actively in every series of activities held. In addition to participating in the Webinar as the pinnacle of community service, students also participate in the preparation of school creative business proposals, poster making competitions, and Share Content competitions. Thus, community service activities carried out by FISIP Unjani make a positive contribution in providing new understanding and thoughts as well as ideas, ideas, creative innovations that can be applied and implemented in organizations and in the school environment where they study. and form an entrepreneurial spirit, namely a leader who has an entrepreneurial spirit.

A transition to Circular Economic Environment

The circular economy is progressively a way towards a sustainable society. The shift from linear to circular business models concerns the entrepreneurs to adopt new practices. The purpose of this research is to propose circular business models to make the worlds three of the most wasteful industries food, plastic, and fashion more sustainable. This paper is developed based on an extensive literature review and case studies. The proposed framework analyses the challenges of these three industries and prescribes relevant business models and sustainable practices. The findings in circular economy business models suggest elements of businesses that can be adopted by entrepreneurs in any industry to create a circular activity. This research paper gives the entrepreneurial spirit with business tools to achieve sustainability ambition.

Four Constituents of an Entrepreneurial Culture Within Business Organizations

A culture of fear, control, and meaninglessness can effectively kill the entrepreneurial spirit within an organization. This chapter will explore why such a culture typically takes root and how it is deadly for the organization's entrepreneurial orientation. The chapter is based on an interdisciplinary reflective analysis done by exploring disciplines including depth psychology, neuroscience, positive psychology, and organizational behavior. The chapter argues from the perspectives of these disciplines that it is perhaps the factor of safety, risk-taking, collaboration, and meaningfulness if present in organizational culture that will eventually cultivate the spirit of entrepreneurship in an organization. While discussing these factors, the chapter also explains how seemingly irrational forces of the unconscious mind keep the leadership from adopting a behavior which is fundamentally important in fostering a culture where entrepreneurial behavior takes root. The chapter also explains how these psychic forces can be turned around to cultivate an entrepreneurial culture in an organization.

Development of Entrepreneurial Spirit and Women Empowerment at Pesantren Griya Khadijah Surabaya through Diversification Training on Fishery Products as Food Commodities with High Nutritional Value

The development of an entrepreneurial spirit can be started even with minimal capital. Fishery products with high nutritional value are one of the opportunities that can be developed by community groups as independent businesses in the context of increasing the economy. Santriwati at the Griya Khadijah Islamic Boarding School Surabaya is a national asset that has great potential, role, and opportunity in influencing the social and economic life of the surrounding community. This community service activity aims to improve the competence of female students at the Griya Khadijah Islamic Boarding School, as a role model for hafidzah-preneur education, to be able to develop an entrepreneurial spirit and reflect women's empowerement with good character.

Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Kepada Siswa-Siswi SMK Nurul Hikmah Langko Kabupaten Lombok Barat

The impact of Covid-19 not only occurs on health aspects, but penetrates in the world of education. This devotional activity aims to empower the entrepreneurial spirit through entrepreneurship training activities as a means of fostering an entrepreneurial spirit so that students can be independent after completing their education. This method of community service is done by means of varied lectures, demonstrations, and exercises. The results of this activity can be concluded that there is an increase in information from students about entrepreneurship. Students have a more understanding related to the importance of having an entrepreneurial spirit so that students can be independent after completing their education

An Analysis of the Challenges and Strategies to Improve and Strengthen the Employment Status of Persons with Disabilities in Asia

Over the past few decades, the employment of persons with disabilities in the Asia region has been the subject of the spotlight of several studies from various government and non-government organizations. A proper and thorough look at the employment status of persons with disabilities is a crucial aspect in the overall improvement of their rights in society, especially in terms of being free from discrimination by having equal access to decent work along with other members of society. Several transformations have occurred in the employment status of persons with disabilities. With growing potential being seen in the current world work atmosphere, persons with disabilities, with the help of technological advances, the popularity of the so-called Gig Economy, and expanding entrepreneurial spirit of the populace, the door seems to be opening wider for persons with disabilities. Given this current picture of what is happening in Asia, this paper will look at the growth of employment of persons with disabilities and its causes; the current realities and challenges, as well as possible directions that this trend is taking; and the effective strategies to further develop and promote employment of persons with disabilities.

The potential processing of rice husk waste as an alternative media for ornamental plants

The problem of rice husk waste as a result of rice processing is a major problem in Sanrego Village, especially in the Pada Elo' Farmer Group. The accumulation of rice husk waste while the land area to accommodate a lot of rice husk waste during the harvest season forced the farmer groups to burn it. However, another problem that arises is the emergence of air pollution and the results of burning rice husk waste are useless because they are not used properly. Therefore, this community service will process the potential of rice husk waste into husk charcoal by providing information, knowledge, and skills on how to process rice husk waste into rice husk charcoal which can be used as an alternative media for ornamental plants which are currently the prima donna. The implementation method consists of three stages, namely Tudang Sipulung, Mario-rio, and Mappesabbi which are taken from the Bugis tradition of having a philosophy of working together, thus directing farmer groups to participate and be fully involved (participatory by doing). The results obtained by the average partner member experienced an 82,5% increase in information and knowledge aspects as well as skills and were able to grow their entrepreneurial spirit, especially processing rice husk waste.

Development of Mathematics E-Books in Improving Mathematical Literacy and Entrepreneurial Spirit

This study aimed to create an e-book on mathematics learning for vocational high school students in grade XI, complete with liner program material, using the ADDIE model development methodology (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Based on the findings of the development of e-books on linear programming material for grade XI students at vocational high school in Langsa Aceh majoring in Online Business and Marketing, it can be concluded that the media is valid for use in learning mathematics with linear programming materials, then effective in improving mathematical literacy and entrepreneurial spirit. Finally, practical media is used in mathematics learning, among other conclusions.