Mathematical Modeling Of Magnetic Scaffolds For Targeted Drug Delivery And Bone Repair

<div>Magnetic bone substitutes are multifunctional nanocomposite biomaterials designed to serve as an in situ attraction platform for magnetic carriers of growth factors. The morphological and functional properties of these biomaterials were characterized so far, but very little is known on the treatment dynamics, and the latter cannot be designed from an engineering point of view. For the first time, this work deals with the mathematical modeling of the use of magnetic scaffolds and functionalized nanoparticles to evaluate the enhancement of osteogenesis and bone repair. The non-linear magnetization of the scaffolds is considered to simulate the attraction and transport of magnetic nanoparticles. Different biomaterials and drug carriers from the literature are analyzed. The drug release via RF-heating is modeled considering the multiphysics nature of the phenomena. The physiological process of bone healing is reproduced using nine non-linear equations. The influence of the delivered growth factor on osteogenesis is assessed and quantified in silico, while compared to numerical simulations of intravenous injection of growth factor and to its release from the biomaterial. The exploitation of magnetic carriers of biomolecules with magnetic scaffolds allows to produce a more homogeneous and uniform distribution of mature bone, overcoming the limitation of traditional drug delivery techniques.</div>

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Bioceramics: from bone substitutes to nanoparticles for drug delivery

Pure and Applied Chemistry ◽

10.1515/pac-2018-0505 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 91 (4) ◽

pp. 687-706 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

María Vallet-Regí

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Bone Repair ◽

Research Team ◽

Research Work ◽

Bone Substitutes ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Smart Drug ◽

Smart Drug Delivery

Abstract Since the second half of the 20th century, bioceramics are used for bone repair and regeneration. Inspired by bones and teeth, and aimed at mimicking their structure and composition, several artificial bioceramics were developed for biomedical applications. And nowadays, in the 21st century, with the increasing prominence of nanoscience and nanotechnology, certain bioceramics are being used to build smart drug delivery systems, among other applications. This minireview will mainly describe both tendencies through the research work carried out by the research team of María Vallet-Regí.

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Mathematical Modeling of Microbial Fuel Cells in Wastewater Treatment - Homotopy Perturbation Method

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d7191.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 5634-5640

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Perturbation Method ◽

Microbial Fuel Cells ◽

Homotopy Perturbation Method ◽

Linear Equations ◽

Rate Equations ◽

Operating Modes ◽

Homotopy Perturbation ◽

Non Linear ◽

Experimental Values

Mathematical modeling of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), which accounts for the co-existence of methanogenic and anodophilic microbial populations for different operating modes and reactor configurations, is discussed. This model based on the system of non-linear rate equations, where the non-linear term is related to the rate of the reactions. The system of non-linear equations is solved by using homotopy perturbation method. In this paper closed form of analytical expression of the concentration of substrate, anodophilic, methanogenic, and the mediator is derived. The analytical expressions are compared with simulation results for the experimental values of parameters, and satisfactory agreement is noted. The influence of parameters on the concentration profiles are discussed.

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Advances in Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22179652 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (17) ◽

pp. 9652

Author(s):

Veronika Mikušová ◽

Peter Mikuš

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Transport ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Inorganic Material ◽

Drug Carriers ◽

Point Of View ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Basic Characteristics ◽

Medical Disciplines

Nanoparticles (NPs) have an outstanding position in pharmaceutical, biological, and medical disciplines. Polymeric NPs based on chitosan (CS) can act as excellent drug carriers because of some intrinsic beneficial properties including biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, bioactivity, easy preparation, and targeting specificity. Drug transport and release from CS-based particulate systems depend on the extent of cross-linking, morphology, size, and density of the particulate system, as well as physicochemical properties of the drug. All these aspects have to be considered when developing new CS-based NPs as potential drug delivery systems. This comprehensive review is summarizing and discussing recent advances in CS-based NPs being developed and examined for drug delivery. From this point of view, an enhancement of CS properties by its modification is presented. An enhancement in drug delivery by CS NPs is discussed in detail focusing on (i) a brief summarization of basic characteristics of CS NPs, (ii) a categorization of preparation procedures used for CS NPs involving also recent improvements in production schemes of conventional as well as novel CS NPs, (iii) a categorization and evaluation of CS-based-nanocomposites involving their production schemes with organic polymers and inorganic material, and (iv) very recent implementations of CS NPs and nanocomposites in drug delivery.

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