DNA-Based Drug Carriers: The Paradox of a Classical “Cargo” Material Becoming a Versatile “Carrier” to Overcome Barriers in Drug Delivery

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1245-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Getts ◽  
Silvia Muro
Keyword(s):  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 1637-1649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran Ali ◽  
Sofi D. Mukhtar ◽  
Heyam S. Ali ◽  
Marcus T. Scotti ◽  
Luciana Scotti

Background: Nanotechnology has contributed a great deal to the field of medical science. Smart drugdelivery vectors, combined with stimuli-based characteristics, are becoming increasingly important. The use of external and internal stimulating factors can have enormous benefits and increase the targeting efficiency of nanotechnology platforms. The pH values of tumor vascular tissues are acidic in nature, allowing the improved targeting of anticancer drug payloads using drug-delivery vectors. Nanopolymers are smart drug-delivery vectors that have recently been developed and recommended for use by scientists because of their potential targeting capabilities, non-toxicity and biocompatibility, and make them ideal nanocarriers for personalized drug delivery. Method: The present review article provides an overview of current advances in the use of nanoparticles (NPs) as anticancer drug-delivery vectors. Results: This article reviews the molecular basis for the use of NPs in medicine, including personalized medicine, personalized therapy, emerging vistas in anticancer therapy, nanopolymer targeting, passive and active targeting transports, pH-responsive drug carriers, biological barriers, computer-aided drug design, future challenges and perspectives, biodegradability and safety. Conclusions: This article will benefit academia, researchers, clinicians, and government authorities by providing a basis for further research advancements.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (33) ◽  
pp. 4174-4184
Author(s):  
Marina P. Abuçafy ◽  
Bruna L. da Silva ◽  
João A. Oshiro-Junior ◽  
Eloisa B. Manaia ◽  
Bruna G. Chiari-Andréo ◽  
...  

Nanoparticles as drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents have gained much attention in recent years, especially for cancer treatment. Nanocarriers improve the therapeutic efficiency and bioavailability of antitumor drugs, besides providing preferential accumulation at the target site. Among different types of nanocarriers for drug delivery assays, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted increasing interest in the academic community. MOFs are an emerging class of coordination polymers constructed of metal nodes or clusters and organic linkers that show the capacity to combine a porous structure with high drug loading through distinct kinds of interactions, overcoming the limitations of traditional drug carriers explored up to date. Despite the rational design and synthesis of MOFs, structural aspects and some applications of these materials like gas adsorption have already been comprehensively described in recent years; it is time to demonstrate their potential applications in biomedicine. In this context, MOFs can be used as drug delivery systems and theranostic platforms due to their ability to release drugs and accommodate imaging agents. This review describes the intrinsic characteristics of nanocarriers used in cancer therapy and highlights the latest advances in MOFs as anticancer drug delivery systems and diagnostic agents.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (42) ◽  
pp. 5488-5502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yub Raj Neupane ◽  
Asiya Mahtab ◽  
Lubna Siddiqui ◽  
Archu Singh ◽  
Namrata Gautam ◽  
...  

Autoimmune diseases are collectively addressed as chronic conditions initiated by the loss of one’s immunological tolerance, where the body treats its own cells as foreigners or self-antigens. These hay-wired antibodies or immunologically capable cells lead to a variety of disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and recently included neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinsonism and testicular cancer triggered T-cells induced autoimmune response in testes and brain. Conventional treatments for autoimmune diseases possess several downsides due to unfavourable pharmacokinetic behaviour of drug, reflected by low bioavailability, rapid clearance, offsite toxicity, restricted targeting ability and poor therapeutic outcomes. Novel nanovesicular drug delivery systems including liposomes, niosomes, proniosomes, ethosomes, transferosomes, pharmacosomes, ufasomes and biologically originated exosomes have proved to possess alluring prospects in supporting the combat against autoimmune diseases. These nanovesicles have revitalized available treatment modalities as they are biocompatible, biodegradable, less immunogenic and capable of carrying high drug payloads to deliver both hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs to specific sites via passive or active targeting. Due to their unique surface chemistry, they can be decorated with physiological or synthetic ligands to target specific receptors overexpressed in different autoimmune diseases and can even cross the blood-brain barrier. This review presents exhaustive yet concise information on the potential of various nanovesicular systems as drug carriers in improving the overall therapeutic efficiency of the dosage regimen for various autoimmune diseases. The role of endogenous exosomes as biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of autoimmune diseases along with monitoring progress of treatment will also be highlighted.


2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyuan Li ◽  
Yue Tang ◽  
Yushun Dou

Background: Exosomes, one of the extracellular vesicles, are widely present in all biological fluids and play an important role in intercellular communication. Because of its hydrophobic lipid bilayer and aqueous hydrophilic core structure, it is considered a possible alternative to liposome drug delivery systems. Not only do they protect the cargo like liposomes during delivery, they are less toxic and better tolerated. However, due to the lack of sources and methods for obtaining enough exosomes, the therapeutic application of exosomes as drug carriers is limited. Methods: A literature search was performed using the ScienceDirect and PubMed electronic databases to obtain information from published literature on milk exosomes related to drug delivery. Results: Here, we briefly reviewed the current knowledge of exosomes, expounded the advantages of milk-derived exosomes over other delivery vectors, including a higher yield, the oral delivery characteristic and additional therapeutic benefits. The purification and drug loading methods of milk exosomes, and the current application of milk exosomes were also introduced. Conclusion: The emergence of milk-derived exosomes is expected to break through the limitations of exosomes as therapeutic carriers of drugs. We hope to raise awareness of the therapeutic potential of milk-derived exosomes as a new drug delivery system.


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (21) ◽  
pp. 12801-12807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Bielas ◽  
Dariusz Łukowiec ◽  
Dorota Neugebauer

Poly[trimethylammonium (meth)acrylate]s decorated by salicylate anions were investigated as drug carriers. Efficient exchange of drug was provided by phosphate anions contained in the medium within 4 h.


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (48) ◽  
pp. 7845-7851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junpeng Shi ◽  
Meng Sun ◽  
Xia Sun ◽  
Hongwu Zhang

Near-infrared persistent luminescence hollow mesoporous nanospheres have been synthesized via a template method. These nanospheres can be used as large capacity drug carriers and realize super long-term and high sensitivity tracking of drug delivery in deep tissue.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3610
Author(s):  
Jialin Yu ◽  
Huayu Qiu ◽  
Shouchun Yin ◽  
Hebin Wang ◽  
Yang Li

Pluronic polymers (pluronics) are a unique class of synthetic triblock copolymers containing hydrophobic polypropylene oxide (PPO) and hydrophilic polyethylene oxide (PEO) arranged in the PEO-PPO-PEO manner. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and amphiphilic properties, pluronics are an ideal and promising biological material, which is widely used in drug delivery, disease diagnosis, and treatment, among other applications. Through self-assembly or in combination with other materials, pluronics can form nano carriers with different morphologies, representing a kind of multifunctional pharmaceutical excipients. In recent years, the utilization of pluronic-based multi-functional drug carriers in tumor treatment has become widespread, and various responsive drug carriers are designed according to the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, resulting in major progress in tumor therapy. This review introduces the specific role of pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy, focusing on their physical and chemical properties as well as the design aspects of pluronic polymers. Finally, using newer literature reports, this review provides insights into the future potential and challenges posed by different pluronic-based polymer drug delivery systems in tumor therapy.


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Hu ◽  
Lingyun Hao ◽  
Huaiqing Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Yang ◽  
Guojun Zhang ◽  
...  

Soft contact lenses can improve the bioavailability and prolong the residence time of drugs and, therefore, are ideal drug carriers for ophthalmic drug delivery. Hydrogels are the leading materials of soft contact lenses because of their biocompatibility and transparent characteristic. In order to increase the amount of load drug and to control their release at the expected intervals, many strategies are developed to modify the conventional contact lens as well as the novel hydrogel contact lenses that include (i) polymeric hydrogels with controlled hydrophilic/hydrophobic copolymer ratio; (ii) hydrogels for inclusion of drugs in a colloidal structure dispersed in the contact lenses; (iii) ligand-containing hydrogels; (iv) molecularly imprinted polymeric hydrogels; (v) hydrogel with the surface containing multilayer structure for drugs loading and releasing. The advantages and disadvantages of these strategies in modifying or designing hydrogel contact lenses for extended ophthalmic drug delivery are analyzed in this paper.


Author(s):  
Ganesh Narayan Sharma ◽  
Ch. Praveen Kumar ◽  
Birendra Shrivastava ◽  
B. Kumar

Nanomaterials can be used as drug carriers with multiple features, including target delivery triggered by environmental, pH, thermal responses, enhanced biocompatibility, and the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Chitosan (CS) is a natural polysaccharide largely obtained from marine crustaceans. It provides drug delivery vector for therapeutic CS and diagnostic CS, owing to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and structural variability. Derivatives of CS such as quaternized CS, thiolated CS and carboxylated CS have enhanced its effectiveness in oral absorption of macromolecular drugs. This review discusses different forms of nanomaterials generated from CS and its derivatives for controlled drug delivery.


Author(s):  
Subham Jain N ◽  
Preeti S ◽  
Amit B Patil

Background: The nanotechnology which has vast growth in the research field and the outcome product of nanotechnology is nanoparticles. Quantum dots with a size range of 2-10nm represents a new form in nanotechnology materials. It has showed widespread attention in recent years in the field of science and its application in drug delivery. Quantum dots are semiconductor nanocrystals which possess interesting properties and characteristics such as unique optical properties, quantum confinement effect and emit fluorescence on excitation with a light source which makes them a potential candidate for nano-probes and for carriers for biological application. Objective: The objective of the article is to explain the role and application of Quantum dots in drug delivery and its future application in pharmaceutical science and research. This review focuses on drug delivery through Quantum dots and Quantum dots helping nanocarriers for drug delivery. The development of QD nano-carriers for drugs has become a hotspot in the fields of nano-drug research. The Quantum Dot labelled nano-carrier can able to deliver the drugs with fewer side effects and it can able to trace the drug location in the body. Results: The Fluorescent emission of Quantum dots is better than other organic dyes which leads to better drug delivery for cancer or acting as a tag for other drug carriers. Conclusion: Because of emission property of Quantum Dots, it can be said used with other drug carriers and later it can be traced with the help of Quantum Dots. Quantum dots can be said as smart Drug delivery.


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