The protective effect of the aqueous extract of Sida acuta BURM.F  on lead nitrate-induced genotoxicity

This study investigated the protective effective of Sida acuta leaf extracts against the genotoxic effect of lead nitrate, a toxic heavy metal that easily permeate the ecosystem. The genotoxic and anti-genotoxic effects of the aqueous extract of S. acuta on onion cells (Allium cepa L.) was evaluated using the Allium cepa L. assay. Onion bulbs were exposed to 0.25 – 2.5 mg.mL-1 concentrations of the plant extract for analyses of induction of cytogenetic damage. There was observeda concentration-dependent decrease in mitotic index of the A. cepa roots cells compared to the negative control. Lead nitrate significantly induced chromosomal aberration in A. cepa root cells. This effect, however, was significantly ameliorated by the S. acuta leaf extract. This effect was demonstrated by the lower frequency of chromosome aberrations in lead nitrate treated root cells after exposure to the extract. Furthermore, the extract restricted the extent of lead-induced cytological aberrations in A. cepa. The findings in this study suggested the mitodepressive, antiproliferative and anti-genotoxic potentials of the extract.

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Aluminum induces oxidative burst, cell wall NADH peroxidase activity, and DNA damage in root cells of Allium cepa L

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis ◽

10.1002/em.21719 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 550-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

V. Mohan M. Achary ◽

Narasimham L. Parinandi ◽

Brahma B. Panda

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Cell Wall ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Peroxidase Activity ◽

Oxidative Burst ◽

Root Cells ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Nadh Peroxidase

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Aluminium induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in root cells of Allium cepa L.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety ◽

10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.10.022 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 300-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 149

Author(s):

V. Mohan Murali Achary ◽

Suprava Jena ◽

Kamal K. Panda ◽

Brahma B. Panda

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Root Cells ◽

Allium Cepa L

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Genotoxic Effects of Raxil on Root Tips and Anthers of Allium cepa L.

Caryologia ◽

10.1080/00087114.2004.10589659 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Kaymak Fisun ◽

Pinar Goc Rasgele

Keyword(s):

Allium Cepa ◽

Root Tips ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Allium Cepa L

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Effects of the aqueous extract from Poria obliqua Bres. On the roots of Allium cepa L., Vicia faba L. and Tradescantia zebrine Loud

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae ◽

10.5586/asbp.1961.029 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 30 (3–4) ◽

pp. 457-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Szuleta

Keyword(s):

Vicia Faba ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Allium Cepa L ◽

Vicia Faba L

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Genotoxicity of aqueous extracts of Tulbaghia violacea as determined through an Allium cepa assay

South African Journal of Science ◽

10.17159/sajs.2019/4391 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 115 (1/2) ◽

Author(s):

Lerato N. Madike ◽

Samkeliso Takaidza ◽

Cornelius Ssemakalu ◽

Michael Pillay

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Allium Cepa ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Water Extracts ◽

Root Extracts ◽

Allium Cepa Assay ◽

Chromosome Bridges

Tulbaghia violacea (wild garlic) is commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various ailments including fungal infections, gastrointestinal ailments, asthma, fever, colds and pulmonary tuberculosis. We assessed the potential genotoxic effects of water extracts from the leaves, stems and roots of T. violacea using the Allium cepa assay. Extracts at concentrations of 100, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/mL were tested on root meristems of A. cepa. Ethidium bromide was used as a positive control whereas distilled water acted as a negative control. The results reveal that as the concentrations of the water extracts of T. violacea increased, the mitotic indices decreased. Similarly, the percentage of chromosomal aberrations was dependent on the concentration as well as on which part of the plant was used. The six most common chromosome aberrations included laggard chromosomes, chromosome bridges, c-mitosis, sticky chromosomes, formation of binuclei and formation of trinuclei. The presence of micronucleated cells at interphase also increased as the concentration of the water extracts increased. The results confirm that water extracts of T. violacea exert significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations, with the stem extracts being more toxic than the leaf and root extracts at similar concentrations. Significance: • Water extracts of T. violacea – a plant commonly used in traditional medicine – were found to have significant genotoxic effects at higher concentrations.

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