scholarly journals HUBUNGAN SANITASI FISIK RUMAH DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS KARO KELURAHAN KARO PEMATANGSIANTAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Samuel Marganda Manalu ◽  
Cindy Avrilta Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infection Incidence ◽  
Room Ventilation ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Children Under 5

The objective of this research is to find out the environment health housing that influencing the numbers of upper respiratory tract infection incidence in children under 5 years old in puskesmas karo. The research was 67 children under 5 years old. Result of this study showed the upper respiratory tract infection incidence in children under 5 years old was 52,2 percent. Over crowed of the room, type of wall and room ventilation had the significant influence to the upper respiratory tract infection incidence of the children under 5 years.

scholarly journals Analysis of Room Ventilation, Clean and Healthy Living Behavior with Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Incidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Agus Aan Adriansyah ◽  
Amanatul Istifaiyah ◽  
Dwi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Healthy Living ◽  
School Students ◽  
Room Ventilation ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Background: Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URI) is often experienced by Islamic boarding school students, who experience 30% of total reported URIs. This high incidence of URI can be caused by ventilation in students’ rooms not meeting health requirements and poor implementation of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (CHLB). Purpose: This study aims to analyze the risk level of ventilation and CHLB as pertains to URI incidence among Amanatul Ummah Surabaya Islamic Boarding School students. Methods: This research used an analytic survey design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population was 853 students. The sampling method used was proportionate stratified random sampling, yielding a sample of 207 students. Samples were taken through drawing the number of absences. The data were obtained by interviews utilizing CHLB questionnaires, field observation of ventilation, and observation of respondent’s medical records to obtain information on the history of the URI. The data was analyzed via chi-square test (α=0.05). Results: Respondents with room ventilation that did not fulfil requirements tended to experience URI 11.13 times more frequently than respondents with room ventilation that fulfilled the requirements, while respondents with poor CHLB tended to experience URI 7.15 times more often than respondents with good CHLB. The more ventilation did not fulfil the requirements and the poorer the implementation of CHLB, the more respondents tended to experience URI. Conclusion: The leader of Amanatul Ummah Surabaya Islamic boarding school was expected to be able to evaluate the construction of boarding schools, particularly with regard to ventilation, to fulfil the applicable health requirements and provide adequate CHLB facilities.

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptors: Expression and Roles in Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7868
Author(s):  
Su Young Jung ◽  
Dokyoung Kim ◽  
Dong Choon Park ◽  
Sung Soo Kim ◽  
Tong In Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Otitis media is mainly caused by upper respiratory tract infection and eustachian tube dysfunction. If external upper respiratory tract infection is not detected early in the middle ear, or an appropriate immune response does not occur, otitis media can become a chronic state or complications may occur. Therefore, given the important role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the early response to external antigens, we surveyed the role of TLRs in otitis media. To summarize the role of TLR in otitis media, we reviewed articles on the expression of TLRs in acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM) with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. Many studies showed that TLRs 1–10 are expressed in AOM, OME, COM with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. TLR expression in the normal middle ear mucosa is absent or weak, but is increased in inflammatory fluid of AOM, effusion of OME, and granulation tissue and cholesteatoma of COM. In addition, TLRs show increased or decreased expression depending on the presence or absence of bacteria, recurrence of disease, tissue type, and repeated surgery. In conclusion, expression of TLRs is associated with otitis media. Inappropriate TLR expression, or delayed or absent induction, are associated with the occurrence, recurrence, chronicization, and complications of otitis media. Therefore, TLRs are very important in otitis media and closely related to its etiology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document