The impact of migration on the search for jobs and decent wages in the Middle East

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 128-131
Author(s):  
Gülnurə Ceyhun qızı Adıgözəlova ◽  

The Middle East is one of the world's most striking geographical regions in terms of labor migration. This article analyzes the main migration trends and the main causes of migration in the Middle East at present. We can conclude that this increase in migrant settlements in the Middle East is mainly the result of two factors – conflict and economic opportunity. Key words: migration, economic opportunities, labour migration, perspective, displacement, population, immigration

2021 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
Marina Leonidovna Galas

The article provides a comparative analysis of practices on regulating the employment of foreign nationals, used in large recipient states (Germany, USA, Canada, Russia, Republic of Korea). The subject of the study is the process of external labor migration, taking into account country regulatory approaches to attracting foreign labour. The study aims to develop theoretical principles and methodology for regulating the process of external labor migration. The methodology is based on the polyparadigmal concept of the study, using theoretical experience in the study of migration processes and the practice of influencing their regulation. The scientific novelty of the study is to assess the effectiveness of a selective approach to attracting foreign workers to national labour markets. As a result of the study, a methodology has been developed to assess the impact of migration processes on labour market regulation in recipient countries. Promising for countries hosting external migrant workers is the mechanism of targeted organized recruitment of foreign nationals to carry out work activities. At the heart of this mechanism is the selective selection of job seekers on the basis of professional, sociocultural, educational and personal criteria that correspond to the interests of the host external migrants of society and the recipient state. To understand the basic administrative approaches and the system of economic, legal and social instruments for regulating the process of external labour migration, it is important to study the practice of adaptation activities of large recipient States, which have a systematic and proven mechanism of inclusion of foreign job seekers. Measures to regulate external labour migration needed to be balanced, since increased restrictive measures could lead to an increase in illegal external labour migration, and excessive preferences for foreign workers could restrict the rights of recipient citizens.


2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-31
Author(s):  
Morten Valbjørn

Mens Saids Orientalism selv er en kritisk meta-studie af ”vestlige forestillinger om Orienten”, har denne artikel til formål at problematisere og nuancere en fremherskende forestilling vedrørende dette værks indflydelse på studiet af Mellemøsten, nemlig at det skulle være svært at overdrive indflydelsen fra Orientalism på Mellemøststudierne (MØS), som nærmest skulle være blevet transformeret af den said’ianske Orientalism-kritik. Artiklens overordnede argument om Edward W. Said og Orientalism’s ikke helt så store indflydelse på studiet af Mellemøsten udvikles i tre skridt, hvor det første har til formål at vise, hvordan det snarere er uden for studiet af Mellemøsten, at Saids indflydelse har været størst. Et af de akademiske felter, hvor Said nærmest har været ignoreret, er derimod orientalistikken, som ellers tildeles størstedelen af bogens opmærksomhed. Hvad MØS angår, er det ganske vist muligt at spore en påvirkning fra Orientalism. Den er imidlertid ikke blot mindre end ofte hævdet, men varierer også betragteligt i både karakter og omfang. Det andet skridt har derfor til formål at identificere karakteren af den said’ianske indflydelse, der viser sig at være ganske kompleks og tvetydig. Det kan således være relevant at sondre mellem indflydelsen fra den said’ianske kritik af MØS og fra kritikken af de said-ianske MØS. Endvidere varierer omfanget af denne indflydelse inden for forskellige dele af MØS. Det tredje skridt består derfor af en sammenligning af den said’ianske påvirkning blandt mellemøstforskere med forskellig disciplinær baggrund og inden for forskellige kultur-institutionelle kontekster. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Morten Valbjørn: Conceptions about Edward Said and Orientalism’s (Less) Profound Impact on the Study of the Middle East While Edward Said’s Orientalism is a study of ”Western conceptions of the Orient”, the purpose of this article is to question one of the prevalent conceptions concerning Said’s influence on the study of the Middle East. This article examines the claim that it is hard to exaggerate the impact from Said on the field of Middle East Studies (MES), which is supposed to have been almost transformed by his Orientalism critique. The article concludes that this claim is much of an exaggeration itself. The impact of Orientalism appears more profound in academic fields which are not particularly concerned with the Middle East, and its influence within the study of the Middle East appears rather ambiguous. Thus, it is necessary not only to make a distinction between the impact of the Said’ian critique of MES and of the critique of the Said’ian MES, but also to distinguish between the uneven influence of Said among Middle East scholars with different disciplinary training and from different cultural-institutional contexts. Key words: Edward Said, Orientalism, Middle East, Middle East Studies, sociology of knowledge, European vs. American academia.


1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Johns

Job (Ayyūb) is a byword for patience in the Islamic tradition, notwithstanding only six Qur'anic verses are devoted to him, four in Ṣād (vv.41-4), and two in al-Anbiyā' (vv.83-4), and he is mentioned on only two other occasions, in al-Ancām (v.84) and al-Nisā' (v.163). In relation to the space devoted to him, he could be accounted a ‘lesser’ prophet, nevertheless his significance in the Qur'an is unambiguous. The impact he makes is achieved in a number of ways. One is through the elaborate intertext transmitted from the Companions and Followers, and recorded in the exegetic tradition. Another is the way in which his role and charisma are highlighted by the prophets in whose company he is presented, and the shifting emphases of each of the sūras in which he appears. Yet another is the wider context created by these sūras in which key words and phrases actualize a complex network of echoes and resonances that elicit internal and transsūra associations focusing attention on him from various perspectives. The effectiveness of this presentation of him derives from the linguistic genius of the Qur'an which by this means triggers a vivid encounter with aspects of the rhythm of divine revelation no less direct than that of visual iconography in the Western Tradition.


Author(s):  
Asma'a Abdel Fattah Alhoot ◽  
Ssekamanya Sıraje Abdallah

Taking into consideration the fact that self-esteem and loneliness have an even more important role to play in students' learning, this study seeks to examine the correlation of these two factors with children academic performance. The study involved 499 (grade 4 to grade 9) Arab children studying at Arab schools in Kuala Lumpur-Malaysia. Data were collected via two questionnaires (one for loneliness and the other for self-esteem). The correlational data analysis yielded a negative correlation between loneliness and academic achievement while there is a positive correlation between self-esteem and achievement. Results also suggested that there is no correlation between students' gender, age, and academic achievement. Furthermore, the results revealed that self-esteem is a good predictor of achievement while loneliness and gender are not good predictors. The findings of the present study are discussed in relation to the relevant literature, taking into consideration the impact of children mental health on their academic achievement. Finally, recommendations for further research are presented.


2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 26-36
Author(s):  
A. V. Topilin ◽  
A. S. Maksimova

The article reflects the results of a study of the impact of migration on regional labour markets amidst a decline in the working-age population in Russia. After substantiating the relevance of the issues under consideration, the authors propose a methodological analysis toolkit, the author’s own methodology for calculating the coefficients of permanent long-term external and internal labour migration in regional labour markets, and the coefficient of total migration burden. In addition, the authors provide an overview of the information and statistical base of the study. According to current migration records, data of Rosstat sample surveys on Russian labour migrants leaving for employment in other regions, regional labour resources balance sheets based on the calculated coefficients of labour market pressures, the authors analyzed the impact of migration on the Russian regional labour markets over the past decade. It revealed an increasing role of internal labour migration in many regions, primarily in the largest economic agglomerations and oil and gas territories. At the same time, the role of external labour migration remains stable and minimum indicators of the contribution of permanent migration to the formation of regional labour markets continue to decrease. It has been established that irrational counter flows of external and internal labour migration have developed, which indicates not only an imbalance in labour demand and supply but also a discrepancy between the qualitative composition of migrants and the needs of the economy. It is concluded that the state does not effectively regulate certain types of migration, considering its impact on the labour market. The authors justified the need for conducting regular household sample surveys according to specific programs to collect information about labour migrants and the conditions for using their labour. In addition to the current migration records, using interregional analysis, this information allows making more informed decisions at the federal and regional levels to correct the negative situation that has developed in the regional labour markets even before the coronavirus pandemic had struck.


2019 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
محمد سعيد محمود بللور ◽  
عامر عبدالفتاح زكريا باكير

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