POLICIES AND IMPLEMENTATION OF WORKER EMPOWERMENT IN CHINESE COMPANIES IN KONAWE DISTRICT, SOUTHEAST SULAWESI PROVINCE

Based on the Work Plan of the Ministry of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia, the number of foreign workers entering Indonesia in 2018 were 353,630 workers, causing the Indonesian workers to find job more difficult in their country. The Research Objectives are: (a) To describe policies and implementations to decrease unemployment rates in Southeast Sulawesi Province; (b) To Analyze an expert Chinese Foreign Worker accompanied by ten Indonesian Workers for transfer of knowledge and transfer of jobs; (c) To Identify Chinese Foreign Workers and Indonesian Workers who are employed in Chinese Companies. The research design is a cross sectional design. The sample consisted of 100 people, while the data analysis used flow models, correlation and respondents' perceptions. The results showed that there were 10 Chinese workers and 90 Indonesian workers who worked in a chinese companies, but there are discrimination in different position and payroll system that Chinese workers salary were higher than Indonesian workers.

Between Halal and Haram: The Challenges and Adaptation of Halal Dietary Consumption Indonesian Muslim Immigrants in Japan

<p>This study examines the challenges and adaptation strategies of Halal food consumption by Indonesian Muslim immigrants in Japan. Since April 2019, Japan’s government decided to accept foreign workers under Specified Skills Visa Program to address the labor shortages in the country. This new policy will encourage more Muslim immigrants from Indonesia to search for higher income in Japan. The growing population of Muslim immigrants in Japan and inbound tourists from Islamic countries has triggered the development of Halal food products in Japan. The research uses a qualitative approach supplemented with semi-structured interviews of Indonesian Muslim Immigrants from various locations in Japan. This study has found that the Indonesian Muslim immigrants face three challenges to maintain their Halal dietary consumption. The different culture of social life has put social pressure on Muslim immigrants to follow the Japanese drinking and hangout habits. The difficulties of accessibility and a lack of variety of Halal food products make it a less appealing choice for busy-scheduled people. There is no legal body that has the authority to give Halal certification. Theory of deviance typology is used to analyze the adaptation strategy formed as the result of these challenges. There are four types of adaptation strategy formed by Indonesia Muslim immigrants: Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, and Retreatism.</p><p class="abstrak"><em>Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang tantangan dan strategi adaptasi konsumsi makanan halal oleh imigran Muslim Indonesia di Jepang. Sejak April 2019, pemerintah Jepang memutuskan untuk menerima pekerja asing di bawah Program Visa Keterampilan Khusus untuk mengatasi kekurangan tenaga kerja di Jepang. Kebijakan baru ini akan mendorong lebih banyak imigran Muslim dari Indonesia untuk mencari penghasilan yang lebih tinggi di Jepang. Meningkatnya populasi imigran Muslim di Jepang dan masuknya turis dari negara-negara Islam telah memicu berkembangnya produk makanan Halal di Jepang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap Imigran Muslim Indonesia dari berbagai lokasi di Jepang. Studi ini menemukan bahwa para imigran Muslim Indonesia memiliki tiga tantangan untuk mempertahankan konsumsi makanan halal mereka. Budaya kehidupan sosial yang berbeda telah memberikan tekanan sosial bagi imigran Muslim untuk mengikuti kebiasaan minum alkohol dan cara pergaulan orang Jepang. Kesulitan aksesibilitas dan kurangnya variasi produk makanan halal menjadikannya pilihan yang kurang menarik bagi orang-orang dengan jadwal sibuk. Tidak ada satu pun badan hukum yang berwenang memberikan sertifikasi halal. Teori tipologi penyimpangan digunakan untuk menganalisis strategi adaptasi yang terbentuk akibat tantangan tersebut. Ada empat jenis strategi adaptasi yang dibentuk oleh Imigran Muslim Indonesia: Conformity, Innovation, Ritualism, and Retreatism.</em></p>

How Does Human Capital Spillover Inflow of Foreign Workers Affect Economic Growth?

The ASEAN Economic Community provides opportunities for foreign workers to enter Indonesia, including Central Java Province. The existence of these foreign workers tends to negatively and positively impact the regional economic growth of the country. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effects of foreign workers’ human capital spillover inflow on the economic growth of Central Java. The Euclidean distance spatial weight matrix was used to calculate the spatial autoregressive model from 2015 to 2020. These results indicate that the presence of skilled foreign workers positively impacts increasing economic growth in Central Java Province. The influx of foreign workers, along with the influx of investment, encourages local workers to follow the performance of foreign workers. This study suggests a policy to encourage technology transfer from foreign workers to local workers. The government is also expected to strengthen local workers’ productivity to compete with foreign workers.