scholarly journals Peer mentoring in medical residency education: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Pethrick ◽  
Lorelli Nowell ◽  
Elizabeth Oddone Paolucci ◽  
Liza Lorenzetti ◽  
Michele Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Residency Education ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Professional Competencies ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Medical Residency ◽  
Peer Mentorship ◽  
Psychosocial Wellbeing

Background: Medical residents may experience burnout during their training, and a lack of social support. This can impact their overall wellbeing and ability to master key professional competencies. We explored, in this study, the extent to which peer mentorship promotes psychosocial wellbeing and the development of professional competencies in medical residency education. Methods: We searched six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Academic Research Complete, ERIC, Education Research Complete) for studies on peer mentoring relationships in medical residency. We selected any study where authors reported on outcomes associated with peer mentoring relationships among medical residents. We applied no date, language, or study design limits to this review. Results: We included nine studies in this systematic review. We found that medical residents received essential psychosocial supports from peers, and motivation to develop academic and career competencies. Medical residents in peer-mentoring relationships also reported increased overall satisfaction with their residency training programs. Conclusions: Peer-mentoring relationships can enhance the development of key professional competencies and coping mechanisms in medical residency education. Further rigorous research is needed to examine the comparative benefits of informal and formal peer mentoring, and identify best practices with respect to effective design of peer-mentorship programs.

An exploration of graduate student peer mentorship, social connectedness and well-being across four disciplines of study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Oddone Paolucci ◽  
Michele Jacobsen ◽  
Lorelli Nowell ◽  
Georgina Freeman ◽  
Liza Lorenzetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Peer Mentorship ◽  
Mental Well Being

Purpose Student mental well-being is a matter of increasing concern on university campuses around the world. Social, psychological, academic and career aspects of graduate learning are enriched through peer mentorship. Peer-mentoring experiences and the impacts of these relationships on the mental well-being of graduate students remain underexplored in the scholarship of teaching and learning. The purpose of this study was to explore how engagement in formal and informal peer mentorship, as described by students across four academic disciplines, impacts the social connectedness and well-being of graduate students. Design/methodology/approach A convergent mixed methods research design was used, with quantitative and qualitative data gathered in parallel to gain a comprehensive, corroborated and integrated understanding of graduate students’ perspectives and experiences with peer mentorship. Online survey and interview data were collected from graduate thesis-based master’s EdD and PhD students in education, medicine, nursing and social work. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Findings The authors found a commonality of graduate student experiences across disciplines with respect to the diverse psychosocial impacts of graduate peer mentorship. Peer-mentoring relationships offered mentees emotional support, motivation and a sense of community and offered mentors opportunities for self-development and gratification. Originality/value This research is unique in its in-depth exploration of the interdisciplinary perspectives and experiences of graduate students from Education, Nursing, Medicine and Social Work. While further research is needed to explore the implementation of structural approaches to support the development of peer-mentoring relationships in graduate education, the multidisciplinary focus and depth and breadth of this inquiry suggest the potential transferability of the study findings to other disciplines and academic settings. The findings from this study further highlight the need for strategic activation of existing program resources to foster greater connectedness and well-being among graduate students.

Mentorship in Medical Residency Education: Anatomy of a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Lorenzetti ◽  
Helen Pethrick ◽  
Lorelli Nowell ◽  
Liza Lorenzetti ◽  
Michele Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Residency Education ◽  
Medical Residency

Writing Groups as Models for Peer Mentorship among Female Faculty in Political Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-405
Author(s):  
Erin C. Cassese ◽  
Mirya R. Holman
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Research Productivity ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Writing Groups ◽  
Peer Mentorship ◽  
Traditional Mentoring ◽  
Scholarly Production ◽  
Flexible Mechanisms

ABSTRACTWomen are underrepresented among political science faculty and leave academic careers at far greater rates than their male colleagues. Women’s lower research productivity is one reason for the declining number of women in advanced academic ranks. Mentoring can provide necessary advice and feedback to encourage scholarly production, but research shows that female scholars face challenges in traditional mentoring arrangements. We propose that peer mentoring can provide a missing link by supporting research productivity. Using a case study of an existing peer-mentoring group, we document how writing groups can provide flexible mechanisms for peer mentoring that circumvent the obstacles women face with mentoring and complement existing mentoring relationships. We discuss the structure of this group—as well as a survey-based assessment of it—to demonstrate how this approach can be readily adopted by other women in the profession who seek to expand their network of mentors to include peers in their subfield.

A preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on heart rate variability and respiration of athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Cayaban Pagaduan ◽  
Yung-Sheng Chen ◽  
James William Fell ◽  
Sam Shi Xuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Quantitative Review ◽  
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback ◽  
Randomized Control

Abstract To date, there is no quantitative review examining the influence of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on the athlete population. Such an undertaking may provide valuable information on the autonomic and respiration responses of athletes when performing HRV BFB. Thus, purpose of this preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of HRV BFB on HRV and respiration of athletes. Searches of Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were conducted for studies that met the following criteria: (1) experimental studies involving athletes that underwent randomized control trial; (2) availability of HRV BFB as a treatment compared with a control (CON)/placebo (PLA); (3) any pre and post HRV variable and/or breathing frequency as dependent variable/s; and, (4) peer-reviewed articles written in English. Four out of 660 studies involving 115 athletes (25 females and 90 males) ages 16–30 years old were assessed in this review. Preliminary findings suggest the promising ability of HRV BFB to improve respiratory mechanics in athlete population. More work is needed to determine the autonomic modulatory effect of HRV BFB in athletes.

Supporting Autistic Adults in Postsecondary Settings: A Systematic Review of Peer Mentorship Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
Kari Duerksen ◽  
Richard Besney ◽  
Megan Ames ◽  
Carly A. McMorris
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Peer Mentorship ◽  
Mentorship Programs ◽  
Autistic Adults

Association Between Spirituality/religiousness and Quality of Life Among Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
CEZIMAR CORREIA BORGES ◽  
PATRÍCIA ROBERTA DOS SANTOS ◽  
POLISSANDRO MORTOZA ALVES ◽  
RENATA CUSTÓDIO MACIEL BORGES ◽  
GIANCARLO LUCCHETTI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is determined by multiple factors that include components such as spirituality and religiousness (S/R). Even though various systematic reviews have investigated the association between S/R and improved health outcomes in the most different groups, healthy young individuals are seldom addressed. The aim this study was to evalue the association between S/R and HRQoL among young, healthy individuals.Methods: Systematic review of papers published in the last ten years and indexed in four academic research databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus) and two gray literature databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing S/R and HRQoL using validated instruments and assessing healthy adults (i.e., non-clinical patients, not belonging to any specific group of chronic diseases), aged between 18 and 64 years old. Results: Ten out of 1,952 studies met the inclusion criteria: nine cross-sectional and one longitudinal cohort study, in which 89% of the participants were college students. Nine studies report a positive association between S/R and HRQoL, while one study did not report any significant association. The main HRQoL domains associated with S/R were the psychological, social relationships, and environment domains, while the S/R most influent facets/components were optimism, inner strength, peace, high control, hope, and happiness. Conclusions: Higher S/R levels among healthy adult individuals were associated with higher HRQoL levels, suggesting the S/R can be an important strategy to deal with adverse environmental situations even among those without chronic diseases, enhancing the wellbeing of individuals. Registration of systematic review: PROSPERO - CRD42018104047

scholarly journals Sharing what? The ‘sharing economy’ in the sociological debate

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Arcidiacono ◽  
Alessandro Gandini ◽  
Ivana Pais
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
The Subject

This essay introduces the subject and interpretative perspective of the monograph ‘Unboxing the Sharing Economy’, and is divided into three parts. The first part illustrates the evolution of the concept of the ‘sharing economy’ and the main analytical implications. The second part outlines the key findings of a systematic review of the literature, which indicates both that academic research on the sharing economy has expanded considerably since 2013, and that sociology’s contribution to this debate remains underdeveloped and somewhat incoherent. The final part both locates the contributions to the monograph in the context of other studies and summarizes its content.

Developing an Online Community to Promote Engagement and Professional Learning for Pre-Service Teachers Using Social Software Tools

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine McLoughlin ◽  
Mark J.W. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Learning Community ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Mentoring Relationships ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mutual Engagement ◽  
Joint Enterprise

To support students undertaking an initial teacher training program, a communities of practice model (Wenger, 1998) was implemented, supported by a social software-based technology framework, to enable mutual engagement, joint enterprise, and a shared repertoire. Participants formed peer-to-peer mentoring relationships, creating and sharing web log (blog) entries and voice recordings of critical incidents while on their practicum. Data from the students’ discourse was analyzed to explore issues and patterns that were indicators of a learning community. This data, together with data collected from post-practicum focus group discussions in which students reflected on the benefits of these media for peer mentoring and support, attests to the relevance and effectiveness of the adopted approach to developing a socio-professional community to support the development of pre-service teachers. The authors believe that best outcomes are achieved when activities are structured, when students are adequately trained in using the technologies, and when instructors or experts are available to scaffold reflection processes as the need arises.

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