scholarly journals Problems and Constraints Involved in the Injection Moulding Process of Biocomposites: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Khairul Fadzly Md Radzi ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Nabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan ◽  
Mohd Ramdhan Mohd Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Manufacturing Applications ◽  
Feedstock Preparation ◽  
Biocomposite Material

Biocomposite materials have revolutionized the engineering field, predominantly in manufacturing applications, where these materials were widely used as an alternative to the metal-based structural body or component. Since conventional materials have caused various pollution problems to the ecosystem, innovative efforts have been taken to develop the based product on natural materials composites but presently are not fully explored yet. Most issues raised are due to the lack of expertise in addressing some of the problems and constraints related to preparing feedstock materials involved in the injection moulding technique. The injectability process of the biocomposite material significantly depends on the early stage of feedstock preparation. The preparation steps should be considering the detailed characterization of the composite material, the effectiveness of the mixing method, the identification of the feedstock's flowability properties, and the appropriate processing parameters used. This review manuscript has a significant contribution to researchers interested in furthering the application of biocomposite-based materials, particularly in plastics injection moulding technology for manufacturing and processing engineering.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Mould Design for Injection Moulding – Numerical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-266
Author(s):  
Damir Godec ◽  
Vladimir Brnadić ◽  
Tomislav Breški
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Part Geometry ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Mould Cavity ◽  
Mould Design

Computer simulation of injection moulding process is a powerful tool for optimisation of moulded part geometry, mould design and processing parameters. One of the most frequent faults of the injection moulded parts is their warpage, which is a result of uneven cooling conditions in the mould cavity as well as after part ejection from the mould and cooling down to the environmental temperature. With computer simulation of the injection moulding process it is possible to predict potential areas of moulded part warpage and to apply the remedies to compensate/minimize the value of the moulded part warpage. The paper presents application of simulation software Moldex 3D in the process of optimising mould design for injection moulding of thermoplastic casing.

The Construction and Analysis of a Prediction Model for Combining the Taguchi Method and General Regression Neural Network for Injection Moulding

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 823-829
Author(s):  
Chung-Feng Jeffrey Kuo ◽  
Yung-Chang Li ◽  
Yi-Shiuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
General Regression Neural Network ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
General Regression

Plastics always show mould deformation after the injection moulding process and this can cause dimensional errors. The extent of a dimensional error can be controlled effectively by choosing adequate processing parameters. The target of this work was to reduce the dimensional error in the hexagonal screw diameter when processing polyether ether ketone (PEEK), and to improve the polymer's quality. First, we selected the factor levels according to the chosen quality characteristics. We decided that a prediction model for the injection process could be constructed using the Taguchi quality method and a general regression neural network (GRNN). The optimum conditions determined by the Taguchi method can be modified by the neural network. The injection moulding product can achieve a reduced dimensional error by adjusting the factor levels using this combined approach.

scholarly journals Using taguchi approach for investigating mechanical properties of recycled carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics for injection moulding applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Syairah Zainudin ◽  
◽  
Norshah Aizat Shuaib ◽  
Nur’ain Wahidah Ya Omar ◽  
Azwan Iskandar Azmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Reinforced Thermoplastics ◽  
Taguchi Orthogonal Design

Demand for carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) increases due to its popular demand in sectors such as automotive and aerospace. This leads to high volume of manufacturing and end of life CFRP waste. The challenge is to recycle the heterogenous waste and utilise the recycled carbon fibre (rCF) in potential applications, including the injection moulding process. However, the effect of processing parameters such as type of new thermoplastics, filler weight loading and particle size on product mechanical properties is not well understood. This study carried out experimental trials based on L4 Taguchi orthogonal design. It is found that the mechanical and physical properties significantly depend on the selected parameters. Optimisation of the parameters should depend on final application of the product. This study highlights potential use of rCF in reinforcing pure thermoplastics, as well as an alternative material to virgin carbon fibre (CF).

Influence of Mould Temperature on the Thickness of a Skin Layer and Impact Strength in the Microcellular Injection Moulding Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 279-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Joo Lee ◽  
Sung Woon Cha
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Crystalline Polymer ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Mould Temperature ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Injection Moulding Process

The thickness of a skin layer on the parts made by a microcellular injection moulding process may influence its properties, including impact and tensile strength, density and sound transmission. Therefore it is necessary to study the variations in skin layer thickness with processing parameters. In this paper, the influences of temperatures in the mould cavity on the skin layer's thickness are addressed. In addition, the relationship between the temperature distributions across the cavity of the mould, with impact strength on parts made using a microcellular injection moulding process, was addressed. *TSL, the temperature at which the skin layer forms, was proposed. According to previous studies, TSL is expected to be similar to the polymer melting point for semi-crystalline polymer and the glass transition temperature for amorphous materials. In addition, a method to predict variations in skin layer thickness with mould temperature is discussed.

Feedstock Characterization of Elemental Nickel and Titanium Powders Mixture for Metal Injection Moulding Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 575 ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosliza Razali ◽  
Zulaila Abdullah ◽  
Istikamah Subuki ◽  
Muhammad Hussain Ismail ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Metal Injection Moulding ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Initial Characterization ◽  
Titanium Powders ◽  
Internal Mixer

The success of metal injection moulding (MIM) process is significantly influenced by the homogeneity level of the powder-binder mixture (feedstock). This paper highlights some initial characterization of the feedstock containing elemental Ni and Ti powders mixture, (50.8 at.% Ni/ 49.2 at.% Ti) mixed with Palm stearin-based binder system. The feedstock was prepared using an internal mixer, HAAKE Rheomix at a temperature of 160°C for 2 hours. The feedstock was then characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Capillary Rheometer. All the results obtained were analyzed and discussed for further injection moulding process.

Evaluation of Cadmould Software to Simulate the Filling Phase of a Natural Rubber Compound in Injection Moulding Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 747 ◽  
pp. 571-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkifli Mohamad Ariff ◽  
T.H. Khang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Mould Filling ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Material Input

The possibility of using Cadmould software to simulate the filling behaviour of a natural rubber compound during an injection moulding process was investigated. For the simulation process, the determination of required material input data involving the rheological and cure kinetics data of the designed rubber compound were conducted. It was discovered that the acquired data were able to function as reliable material input data as they were comparable with related data available in the Cadmould software materials database. Verification of the simulated filling profiles by experimental short shots specimens showed that the Cadmould Rubber Package was able to predict the realistic filling behaviour of the formulated natural rubber compound inside the mould cavity when the measured material data were utilized. Whereas, the usage of available material database from the software failed to model the mould filling progression of the intended natural rubber compound.

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