Using taguchi approach for investigating mechanical properties of recycled carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics for injection moulding applications

Demand for carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) increases due to its popular demand in sectors such as automotive and aerospace. This leads to high volume of manufacturing and end of life CFRP waste. The challenge is to recycle the heterogenous waste and utilise the recycled carbon fibre (rCF) in potential applications, including the injection moulding process. However, the effect of processing parameters such as type of new thermoplastics, filler weight loading and particle size on product mechanical properties is not well understood. This study carried out experimental trials based on L4 Taguchi orthogonal design. It is found that the mechanical and physical properties significantly depend on the selected parameters. Optimisation of the parameters should depend on final application of the product. This study highlights potential use of rCF in reinforcing pure thermoplastics, as well as an alternative material to virgin carbon fibre (CF).

Simulation Process of Injection Molding and Optimization for Automobile Instrument Parameter in Embedded System

The automobile instrument is the indispensable item that is essential to keep the driver conversant of the process of the engineer and the other system. There are different parameters involved in the automobile instrument, which requires a different process involved in creating the automobile parameter. This research is designed to show the simulation development of injection molding and optimization of automobile instrument parameters using different optimization techniques. In this paper, Taguchi Orthogonal parameter design and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to measure the shrinkage volume rate and warpage amount rate. Most of the studies are designed to calculate the reduction and warpage for the gate location and glass material. The Taguchi orthogonal design contains five different parameters which are inversely proportional to each other. Hence, by optimizing those parameters, the injection molding procedure is passed out. In this research, the paper is designed to process the injection molding for the automobile instrument parameter using optimization techniques.

Amorphous NdIZO Thin Film Transistors with Contact-Resistance-Adjustable Cu S/D Electrodes

High-performance amorphous oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (AOS-TFT) with copper (Cu) electrodes are of great significance for next-generation large-size, high-refresh rate and high-resolution panel display technology. In this work, using rare earth dopant, neodymium-doped indium-zinc-oxide (NdIZO) film was optimized as the active layer of TFT with Cu source and drain (S/D) electrodes. Under the guidance of the Taguchi orthogonal design method from Minitab software, the semiconductor characteristics were evaluated by microwave photoconductivity decay (μ-PCD) measurement. The results show that moderate oxygen concentration (~5%), low sputtering pressure (≤5 mTorr) and annealing temperature (≤300 °C) are conducive to reducing the shallow localized states of NdIZO film. The optimized annealing temperature of this device configuration is as low as 250 °C, and the contact resistance (RC) is modulated by gate voltage (VG) instead of a constant value when annealed at 300 °C. It is believed that the adjustable RC with VG is the key to keeping both high mobility and compensation of the threshold voltage (Vth). The optimal device performance was obtained at 250 °C with an Ion/Ioff ratio of 2.89 × 107, a saturation mobility (μsat) of 24.48 cm2/(V·s) and Vth of 2.32 V.

TAGUCHI ORTHOGONAL DESIGN FOR OPTIMIZING A UNIFIED TERNARY PROCESS TO VALORIZE OIL PALM LEAVES FOR NANOCELLULOSE ISOLATION

Oil palm leaves (OPL), as the major component of oil palm biomass, was capitalized for the isolation of nanocellulose (NC) by unified ternary acoustic, chemical- and enzyme-assisted techniques. This study aimed to statistically optimize the extraction parameters via the Taguchi Design for sonication time, duration of enzymatic hydrolysis, the concentration of acid, and the duration of acid hydrolysis, for the highest crystallinity of the isolated NC. The optimum condition required a sonication duration of 20 min, 1 h of acid hydrolysis in 6 M of H2SO4 and 1 h of enzymatic hydrolysis that resulted in the production of NC with a maximum 68.2% crystallinity index, based on X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. Duration of sonication time and acid hydrolysis was crucial for improving the crystallinity of isolated NC. The reduced C=O and C=C peaks at 1734 cm-1 and 1536 cm-1, respectively, in the Fourier-transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of isolated NC, confirmed the removal of appreciable amounts of hemicellulose and lignin components in the OPL fibers. FESEM micrographs revealed the needle-like structures of NC with diameters between 21‒24.8 nm. The NC isolation approach presented here offers a promising avenue to ease the use of harsh acids for biomass pretreatment.

Tekstil Takviyeli Beton Üretiminde Kullanılmak Üzere Yüksek Performanslı Hibrit İplik Geliştirilmesi Ve Üretim Parametrelerinin Optimizasyonu

Textile-Reinforced Concrete (TRC) is a new construction material and has been used in civil engineering applications such as façade systems, sandwich panel and outside furniture during the past several decades. Generally in TRC, glass, carbon filaments, etc. are used to reinforce concrete because these high-performance filaments have superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Coating of these filaments with different polymers provide extra performance for TRC’s durability. But, because of coating materials’ cost and stiffness, using of coating for TRC is not so advantageous. For these reasons, new approaches are needed. In this study, a new hybrid yarn design and production for TRC are emphasized. AR-Glass and polypropylene filament were used for production of hybrid yarn by commingling method. It was aimed to optimize the parameters of commingling yarn production with Taguchi orthogonal design. The experiments were performed by using L9 orthogonal matrix with respect to Taguchi approach. The best strength value in the study was obtained in production parameters where the machine production speed is 50 m / min, the air pressure is 6 bar and the feeding amount is 2%. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and signal/noise ratio were used to evaluate the experiment results. As a result of the analysis, it has been observed that the machine production speed has the greatest effect on the breaking strength and the feed amount has the lowest effect.

Adsorption of Reactive Black 5 Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Carbon Nanotubes and its Electrochemical Regeneration Process

: Removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5) dye from aqueous solutions was investigated by adsorption onto Multi-walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs). A Taguchi orthogonal design including pH, initial RB5 concentration, contact time, and CNTs dose, was used in 16 experiments. The results showed that all four factors were statistically significant, and the optimum conditions for both adsorbents were as follows: pH of 3, adsorbent dose of 1000 mg/L, RB5 concentrations of 25 mg/L, and contact time of 60 min. An equilibrium study by Isotherm Fitting Tool (ISOFIT) software showed that Langmuir isotherm provided the best fit for RB5 adsorption by CNTs. The maximum predicted adsorption capacities for the dye were obtained as 231.84 and 829.20 mg/g by MWCNTs and SWCNTs, respectively. The results also indicated that the adsorption capacity of SWCNTs was about 1.21 folds higher than that of MWCNTs. Studies of electrochemical regeneration were conducted, and the results demonstrated that RB5-loaded MWCNTs and SWCNTs could be regenerated (86.5% and 77.3%, respectively) using the electrochemical process. Adsorbent regeneration was mostly due to the degradation of the dye by the attack of active species such as chlorate, H2O2, and, •OH, which were generated by the electrochemical oxidation process with Ti/RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 anodes. The results of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that acetic acid, 3-chlorobenzenesulfonamide, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid were produced after adsorbent regeneration by the electrochemical process in the solution of regeneration. The adsorption and regeneration cycles showed that the electrochemical process with Ti/RuO2-IrO2-TiO2 and graphite is a good alternative method for the regeneration of CNTs and simultaneous degradation of the dye.