scholarly journals The Effects of the Illiquidity Premium on Security Returns and its Importantance for Eurasia

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serdar Kuzu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Market Makers ◽  
Expectation Theory

This study investigates the illiquidity premium, which has major impact on Eurasian economies, and its term structure. For this aim, The Germany which is very important for Europa and Asia countries is investigated. In this study, the effects of the term structure of the illiquidity premium on government and corporate bonds and “the return of securities – illiquidity premium – expectation theory relationship” are investigated through various parameters and formulations. Consequently, the study is used to Kempf, Korn and Uhrig-Homburg’ study, which aims to investigate relations between German public sector’s bonds and private sector’s bonds and it was realized 2009. It is found that illiquidity premium varies in short, medium and long terms depending upon different factors and the curve that connects illiquidity premiums with different terms is a U shaped curve. Studies that use traditional methods in asset pricing evaluate the illiquidity premium as a systematic risk criteria. But, illiquidity is a risk factor that should be investigated alone instead of be investigated with all of the risk factors. Financial market makers aim to make arrangements that remove the problems arising from the level of liquidity, in other words increase the level of liquidity, and contribute to the formation of efficient price.Further studies in this field will be very important in the development process of corporate bonds market with the decrease of interest rates in international markets and the issue of new corporate bonds in developing countries recently.

Risk Factors of Collateralized Loan Obligations and Corporate Bonds

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-355
Author(s):  
Mark Wahrenburg ◽  
Andreas Barth ◽  
Mohammad Izadi ◽  
Anas Rahhal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Systemic Risk ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Risk Exposure ◽  
Expected Returns ◽  
Yield Spreads ◽  
Pricing Factors ◽  
Return Difference

AbstractStructured products like collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) tend to offer significantly higher yield spreads than corporate bonds (CBs) with the same rating. At the same time, empirical evidence does not indicate that this higher yield is reduced by higher default losses of CLOs. The evidence thus suggests that CLOs offer higher expected returns compared to CB with similar credit risk. This study aims to analyze whether this return difference is captured by asset pricing factors. We show that market risk is the predominant risk factor for both CBs and CLOs. CLO investors, however, additionally demand a premium for their risk exposure towards systemic risk. This premium is inversely related to the rating class of the CLO.

Central Bank Liquidity Management and the Signal Extraction Problem on the Money Market / Die Liquiditätssteuerung der Notenbank und das Signal-extraktionsproblem am Geldmarkt

2000 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-301
Author(s):  
Ulrich Bindseil
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Central Bank ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Money Market ◽  
Signal Extraction ◽  
Maintenance Period ◽  
Liquidity Management ◽  
Expectation Theory

Summary Understanding the factors determining overnight rates is crucial both for central bankers and private market participants, since, assuming the validity of the expectation theory of the term structure of interest rates, expectations with regard to this “monadic” maturity should determine longer term rates, which are deemed to be relevant for the transmission of monetary policy. The note proposes a simple model of the money market within a two-day long reserve maintenance period to derive relationships between the relevant quantities, expectations concerning these quantities for the rest of the reserve maintenance period, and overnight rates. It is argued that a signal extraction problem faced by banks when observing quantities such as their aggregate reserve holdings and allotment amounts of monetary policy operations is at the core of these relationships. The usefulness of the model is illustrated by applying it to the analysis of three alternative liquidity management strategies of a central bank.

scholarly journals Testing the Performance of Cubic Splines and Nelson-Siegel Model for Estimating the Zero-coupon Yield Curve

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lorenčič
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Financial Market ◽  
Real World ◽  
Yield Curve ◽  
Cubic Splines ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Understanding the relationship between interest rates and term to maturity of securities is a prerequisite for developing financial theory and evaluating whether it holds up in the real world; therefore, such an understanding lies at the heart of monetary and financial economics. Accurately fitting the term structure of interest rates is the backbone of a smoothly functioning financial market, which is why the testing of various models for estimating and predicting the term structure of interest rates is an important topic in finance that has received considerable attention for many decades. In this paper, we empirically contrast the performance of cubic splines and the Nelson-Siegel model by estimating the zero-coupon yields of Austrian government bonds. The main conclusion that can be drawn from the results of the calculations is that the Nelson-Siegel model outperforms cubic splines at the short end of the yield curve (up to 2 years), whereas for medium-term maturities (2 to 10 years) the fitting performance of both models is comparable.

Estimating the Term Structure of Interest Rates and Default Risk Embedded in Korean Corporate Bonds

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-132
Author(s):  
Jang Koo Kang ◽  
Sung Hwan Kim ◽  
Chul Woo Han
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Default Risk ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Corporate Bonds ◽  
Bond Market ◽  
Credit Spreads ◽  
Square Root ◽  
Investment Grade

This article uses a Kalman filter to fit yields of investment-grade corporate bonds to the model of instantaneous default risk, based on Duffee (1999. Review of Financial Studies. 12. PP. 197-226). The first part of this article fits the term structure of default-free interest rates to a translated two-factor square-root diffusion model. The parameters in the two-factor model are estimated by using a quasi-maxirnum-likelihood estimator in a state-space model in the Korean treasury bond market. A Kalman filter is used to estimate the unobservable factors. The two-factor model successfully incorporates random variations in the slope of the term structure and the level of interest rates‘ After estimating the default-free term structure of interest rates, the second part of this article extends the model to noncallable corporate bonds‘ This is done by assuming that the probability of default follows a translated square-root diffusion process with the possibility of being correlated with default-free interest rates. The parameters of the process are estimated for investment-grade corporate bonds including AM. AA, A. and BBB. Empirical results show that the default risk is negatively correlated with default-free interest rates and confirm that the default risk is greater for lower grades. In addition, the estimated model successfully produces the term structures of credit spreads for corporate bonds and show that the credit spreads for lower grade bonds are more steeply sloped than those for higher grade bonds. These results show that Duffee's model can reasonably account for the observed corporate bond prices in the Korean bond market.

Abstract: A Theory of the Term Structure of Interest Rates and the Valuation of Interest-Dependent Claims

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Cox ◽  
Jonathan E. Ingersoll ◽  
Stephen A. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Asset Pricing ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Term Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Risk Attitudes ◽  
Financial Assets ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Investment Opportunities ◽  
Intertemporal Asset Pricing

The main focus of this study concerns the pricing of default-free bonds in a risky economy inhabited by risk-averse consumers. The methodology of the paper draws upon recent work in the fields of intertemporal asset pricing and valuation by arbitrage principles. We develop a general equilibrium model for the expected rates of return on “created financial assets” (such as bonds) dependent upon the risk attitudes of investors and the uncertain real investment opportunities available.

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